gitnamespaces.html - external/gitster/git-htmldocs - Git at Google

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 <div id="header">
 <h1>
 gitnamespaces(7) Manual Page
 </h1>
 <h2>NAME</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <p>gitnamespaces -
  Git namespaces
 </p>
 </div>
 </div>
 <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="paragraph"><p>Git supports dividing the refs of a single repository into multiple
 namespaces, each of which has its own branches, tags, and HEAD. Git can
 expose each namespace as an independent repository to pull from and push
 to, while sharing the object store, and exposing all the refs to
 operations such as <a href="git-gc.html">git-gc(1)</a>.</p></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>Storing multiple repositories as namespaces of a single repository
 avoids storing duplicate copies of the same objects, such as when
 storing multiple branches of the same source. The alternates mechanism
 provides similar support for avoiding duplicates, but alternates do not
 prevent duplication between new objects added to the repositories
 without ongoing maintenance, while namespaces do.</p></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>To specify a namespace, set the <tt>GIT_NAMESPACE</tt> environment variable to
 the namespace. For each ref namespace, git stores the corresponding
 refs in a directory under <tt>refs/namespaces/</tt>. For example,
 <tt>GIT_NAMESPACE=foo</tt> will store refs under <tt>refs/namespaces/foo/</tt>. You
 can also specify namespaces via the <tt>--namespace</tt> option to
 <a href="git.html">git(1)</a>.</p></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>Note that namespaces which include a <tt>/</tt> will expand to a hierarchy of
 namespaces; for example, <tt>GIT_NAMESPACE=foo/bar</tt> will store refs under
 <tt>refs/namespaces/foo/refs/namespaces/bar/</tt>. This makes paths in
 <tt>GIT_NAMESPACE</tt> behave hierarchically, so that cloning with
 <tt>GIT_NAMESPACE=foo/bar</tt> produces the same result as cloning with
 <tt>GIT_NAMESPACE=foo</tt> and cloning from that repo with <tt>GIT_NAMESPACE=bar</tt>. It
 also avoids ambiguity with strange namespace paths such as <tt>foo/refs/heads/</tt>,
 which could otherwise generate directory/file conflicts within the <tt>refs</tt>
 directory.</p></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p><a href="git-upload-pack.html">git-upload-pack(1)</a> and <a href="git-receive-pack.html">git-receive-pack(1)</a> rewrite the
 names of refs as specified by <tt>GIT_NAMESPACE</tt>. git-upload-pack and
 git-receive-pack will ignore all references outside the specified
 namespace.</p></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>The smart HTTP server, <a href="git-http-backend.html">git-http-backend(1)</a>, will pass
 GIT_NAMESPACE through to the backend programs; see
 <a href="git-http-backend.html">git-http-backend(1)</a> for sample configuration to expose
 repository namespaces as repositories.</p></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>For a simple local test, you can use <a href="git-remote-ext.html">git-remote-ext(1)</a>:</p></div>
 <div class="listingblock">
 <div class="content">
 <pre><tt>git clone ext::'git --namespace=foo %s /tmp/prefixed.git'</tt></pre>
 </div></div>
 </div>
 <h2 id="_security">SECURITY</h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="paragraph"><p>Anyone with access to any namespace within a repository can potentially
 access objects from any other namespace stored in the same repository.
 You can&#8217;t directly say "give me object ABCD" if you don&#8217;t have a ref to
 it, but you can do some other sneaky things like:</p></div>
 <div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
 <li>
 <p>
 Claiming to push ABCD, at which point the server will optimize out the
  need for you to actually send it. Now you have a ref to ABCD and can
  fetch it (claiming not to have it, of course).
 </p>
 </li>
 <li>
 <p>
 Requesting other refs, claiming that you have ABCD, at which point the
  server may generate deltas against ABCD.
 </p>
 </li>
 </ol></div>
 <div class="paragraph"><p>None of this causes a problem if you only host public repositories, or
 if everyone who may read one namespace may also read everything in every
 other namespace (for instance, if everyone in an organization has read
 permission to every repository).</p></div>
 </div>
 <div id="footer">
 <div id="footer-text">
 Last updated 2011-08-18 06:09:29 UTC
 </div>
 </div>
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	<body>
	<div id="header">
	<h1>
	gitnamespaces(7) Manual Page
	</h1>
	<h2>NAME</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<p>gitnamespaces -
	Git namespaces
	</p>
	</div>
	</div>
	<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<div class="paragraph"><p>Git supports dividing the refs of a single repository into multiple
	namespaces, each of which has its own branches, tags, and HEAD. Git can
	expose each namespace as an independent repository to pull from and push
	to, while sharing the object store, and exposing all the refs to
	operations such as <a href="git-gc.html">git-gc(1)</a>.</p></div>
	<div class="paragraph"><p>Storing multiple repositories as namespaces of a single repository
	avoids storing duplicate copies of the same objects, such as when
	storing multiple branches of the same source. The alternates mechanism
	provides similar support for avoiding duplicates, but alternates do not
	prevent duplication between new objects added to the repositories
	without ongoing maintenance, while namespaces do.</p></div>
	<div class="paragraph"><p>To specify a namespace, set the <tt>GIT_NAMESPACE</tt> environment variable to
	the namespace. For each ref namespace, git stores the corresponding
	refs in a directory under <tt>refs/namespaces/</tt>. For example,
	<tt>GIT_NAMESPACE=foo</tt> will store refs under <tt>refs/namespaces/foo/</tt>. You
	can also specify namespaces via the <tt>--namespace</tt> option to
	<a href="git.html">git(1)</a>.</p></div>
	<div class="paragraph"><p>Note that namespaces which include a <tt>/</tt> will expand to a hierarchy of
	namespaces; for example, <tt>GIT_NAMESPACE=foo/bar</tt> will store refs under
	<tt>refs/namespaces/foo/refs/namespaces/bar/</tt>. This makes paths in
	<tt>GIT_NAMESPACE</tt> behave hierarchically, so that cloning with
	<tt>GIT_NAMESPACE=foo/bar</tt> produces the same result as cloning with
	<tt>GIT_NAMESPACE=foo</tt> and cloning from that repo with <tt>GIT_NAMESPACE=bar</tt>. It
	also avoids ambiguity with strange namespace paths such as <tt>foo/refs/heads/</tt>,
	which could otherwise generate directory/file conflicts within the <tt>refs</tt>
	directory.</p></div>
	<div class="paragraph"><p><a href="git-upload-pack.html">git-upload-pack(1)</a> and <a href="git-receive-pack.html">git-receive-pack(1)</a> rewrite the
	names of refs as specified by <tt>GIT_NAMESPACE</tt>. git-upload-pack and
	git-receive-pack will ignore all references outside the specified
	namespace.</p></div>
	<div class="paragraph"><p>The smart HTTP server, <a href="git-http-backend.html">git-http-backend(1)</a>, will pass
	GIT_NAMESPACE through to the backend programs; see
	<a href="git-http-backend.html">git-http-backend(1)</a> for sample configuration to expose
	repository namespaces as repositories.</p></div>
	<div class="paragraph"><p>For a simple local test, you can use <a href="git-remote-ext.html">git-remote-ext(1)</a>:</p></div>
	<div class="listingblock">
	<div class="content">
	<pre><tt>git clone ext::'git --namespace=foo %s /tmp/prefixed.git'</tt></pre>
	</div></div>
	</div>
	<h2 id="_security">SECURITY</h2>
	<div class="sectionbody">
	<div class="paragraph"><p>Anyone with access to any namespace within a repository can potentially
	access objects from any other namespace stored in the same repository.
	You can’t directly say "give me object ABCD" if you don’t have a ref to
	it, but you can do some other sneaky things like:</p></div>
	<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
	<li>
	<p>
	Claiming to push ABCD, at which point the server will optimize out the
	need for you to actually send it. Now you have a ref to ABCD and can
	fetch it (claiming not to have it, of course).
	</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>
	Requesting other refs, claiming that you have ABCD, at which point the
	server may generate deltas against ABCD.
	</p>
	</li>
	</ol></div>
	<div class="paragraph"><p>None of this causes a problem if you only host public repositories, or
	if everyone who may read one namespace may also read everything in every
	other namespace (for instance, if everyone in an organization has read
	permission to every repository).</p></div>
	</div>
	<div id="footer">
	<div id="footer-text">
	Last updated 2011-08-18 06:09:29 UTC
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