include/complex

// -*- C++ -*-
//===--------------------------- complex ----------------------------------===//
//
// The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is dual licensed under the MIT and the University of Illinois Open
// Source Licenses. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#ifndef _LIBCPP_COMPLEX
#define _LIBCPP_COMPLEX

/*
 complex synopsis

namespace std
{

template<class T>
class complex
{
public:
 typedef T value_type;

 complex(const T& re = T(), const T& im = T()); // constexpr in C++14
 complex(const complex&); // constexpr in C++14
 template<class X> complex(const complex<X>&); // constexpr in C++14

 T real() const; // constexpr in C++14
 T imag() const; // constexpr in C++14

 void real(T);
 void imag(T);

 complex<T>& operator= (const T&);
 complex<T>& operator+=(const T&);
 complex<T>& operator-=(const T&);
 complex<T>& operator*=(const T&);
 complex<T>& operator/=(const T&);

 complex& operator=(const complex&);
 template<class X> complex<T>& operator= (const complex<X>&);
 template<class X> complex<T>& operator+=(const complex<X>&);
 template<class X> complex<T>& operator-=(const complex<X>&);
 template<class X> complex<T>& operator*=(const complex<X>&);
 template<class X> complex<T>& operator/=(const complex<X>&);
};

template<>
class complex<float>
{
public:
 typedef float value_type;

 constexpr complex(float re = 0.0f, float im = 0.0f);
 explicit constexpr complex(const complex<double>&);
 explicit constexpr complex(const complex<long double>&);

 constexpr float real() const;
 void real(float);
 constexpr float imag() const;
 void imag(float);

 complex<float>& operator= (float);
 complex<float>& operator+=(float);
 complex<float>& operator-=(float);
 complex<float>& operator*=(float);
 complex<float>& operator/=(float);

 complex<float>& operator=(const complex<float>&);
 template<class X> complex<float>& operator= (const complex<X>&);
 template<class X> complex<float>& operator+=(const complex<X>&);
 template<class X> complex<float>& operator-=(const complex<X>&);
 template<class X> complex<float>& operator*=(const complex<X>&);
 template<class X> complex<float>& operator/=(const complex<X>&);
};

template<>
class complex<double>
{
public:
 typedef double value_type;

 constexpr complex(double re = 0.0, double im = 0.0);
 constexpr complex(const complex<float>&);
 explicit constexpr complex(const complex<long double>&);

 constexpr double real() const;
 void real(double);
 constexpr double imag() const;
 void imag(double);

 complex<double>& operator= (double);
 complex<double>& operator+=(double);
 complex<double>& operator-=(double);
 complex<double>& operator*=(double);
 complex<double>& operator/=(double);
 complex<double>& operator=(const complex<double>&);

 template<class X> complex<double>& operator= (const complex<X>&);
 template<class X> complex<double>& operator+=(const complex<X>&);
 template<class X> complex<double>& operator-=(const complex<X>&);
 template<class X> complex<double>& operator*=(const complex<X>&);
 template<class X> complex<double>& operator/=(const complex<X>&);
};

template<>
class complex<long double>
{
public:
 typedef long double value_type;

 constexpr complex(long double re = 0.0L, long double im = 0.0L);
 constexpr complex(const complex<float>&);
 constexpr complex(const complex<double>&);

 constexpr long double real() const;
 void real(long double);
 constexpr long double imag() const;
 void imag(long double);

 complex<long double>& operator=(const complex<long double>&);
 complex<long double>& operator= (long double);
 complex<long double>& operator+=(long double);
 complex<long double>& operator-=(long double);
 complex<long double>& operator*=(long double);
 complex<long double>& operator/=(long double);

 template<class X> complex<long double>& operator= (const complex<X>&);
 template<class X> complex<long double>& operator+=(const complex<X>&);
 template<class X> complex<long double>& operator-=(const complex<X>&);
 template<class X> complex<long double>& operator*=(const complex<X>&);
 template<class X> complex<long double>& operator/=(const complex<X>&);
};

// 26.3.6 operators:
template<class T> complex<T> operator+(const complex<T>&, const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> operator+(const complex<T>&, const T&);
template<class T> complex<T> operator+(const T&, const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> operator-(const complex<T>&, const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> operator-(const complex<T>&, const T&);
template<class T> complex<T> operator-(const T&, const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> operator*(const complex<T>&, const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> operator*(const complex<T>&, const T&);
template<class T> complex<T> operator*(const T&, const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> operator/(const complex<T>&, const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> operator/(const complex<T>&, const T&);
template<class T> complex<T> operator/(const T&, const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> operator+(const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> operator-(const complex<T>&);
template<class T> bool operator==(const complex<T>&, const complex<T>&); // constexpr in C++14
template<class T> bool operator==(const complex<T>&, const T&); // constexpr in C++14
template<class T> bool operator==(const T&, const complex<T>&); // constexpr in C++14
template<class T> bool operator!=(const complex<T>&, const complex<T>&); // constexpr in C++14
template<class T> bool operator!=(const complex<T>&, const T&); // constexpr in C++14
template<class T> bool operator!=(const T&, const complex<T>&); // constexpr in C++14

template<class T, class charT, class traits>
 basic_istream<charT, traits>&
 operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>&, complex<T>&);
template<class T, class charT, class traits>
 basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
 operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>&, const complex<T>&);

// 26.3.7 values:

template<class T> T real(const complex<T>&); // constexpr in C++14
 long double real(long double); // constexpr in C++14
 double real(double); // constexpr in C++14
template<Integral T> double real(T); // constexpr in C++14
 float real(float); // constexpr in C++14

template<class T> T imag(const complex<T>&); // constexpr in C++14
 long double imag(long double); // constexpr in C++14
 double imag(double); // constexpr in C++14
template<Integral T> double imag(T); // constexpr in C++14
 float imag(float); // constexpr in C++14

template<class T> T abs(const complex<T>&);

template<class T> T arg(const complex<T>&);
 long double arg(long double);
 double arg(double);
template<Integral T> double arg(T);
 float arg(float);

template<class T> T norm(const complex<T>&);
 long double norm(long double);
 double norm(double);
template<Integral T> double norm(T);
 float norm(float);

template<class T> complex<T> conj(const complex<T>&);
 complex<long double> conj(long double);
 complex<double> conj(double);
template<Integral T> complex<double> conj(T);
 complex<float> conj(float);

template<class T> complex<T> proj(const complex<T>&);
 complex<long double> proj(long double);
 complex<double> proj(double);
template<Integral T> complex<double> proj(T);
 complex<float> proj(float);

template<class T> complex<T> polar(const T&, const T& = 0);

// 26.3.8 transcendentals:
template<class T> complex<T> acos(const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> asin(const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> atan(const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> acosh(const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> asinh(const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> atanh(const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> cos (const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> cosh (const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> exp (const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> log (const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> log10(const complex<T>&);

template<class T> complex<T> pow(const complex<T>&, const T&);
template<class T> complex<T> pow(const complex<T>&, const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> pow(const T&, const complex<T>&);

template<class T> complex<T> sin (const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> sinh (const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> sqrt (const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> tan (const complex<T>&);
template<class T> complex<T> tanh (const complex<T>&);

template<class T, class charT, class traits>
 basic_istream<charT, traits>&
 operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>& is, complex<T>& x);

template<class T, class charT, class traits>
 basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
 operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& o, const complex<T>& x);

} // std

*/

#include <__config>
#include <type_traits>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <cmath>
#include <sstream>

#if !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER)
#pragma GCC system_header
#endif

_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD

template<class _Tp> class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS complex;

template<class _Tp> complex<_Tp> operator*(const complex<_Tp>& __z, const complex<_Tp>& __w);
template<class _Tp> complex<_Tp> operator/(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y);

template<class _Tp>
class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS complex
{
public:
 typedef _Tp value_type;
private:
 value_type __re_;
 value_type __im_;
public:
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11
 complex(const value_type& __re = value_type(), const value_type& __im = value_type())
 : __re_(__re), __im_(__im) {}
 template<class _Xp> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11
 complex(const complex<_Xp>& __c)
 : __re_(__c.real()), __im_(__c.imag()) {}

 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11 value_type real() const {return __re_;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11 value_type imag() const {return __im_;}

 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY void real(value_type __re) {__re_ = __re;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY void imag(value_type __im) {__im_ = __im;}

 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator= (const value_type& __re)
 {__re_ = __re; __im_ = value_type(); return *this;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator+=(const value_type& __re) {__re_ += __re; return *this;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator-=(const value_type& __re) {__re_ -= __re; return *this;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator*=(const value_type& __re) {__re_ *= __re; __im_ *= __re; return *this;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator/=(const value_type& __re) {__re_ /= __re; __im_ /= __re; return *this;}

 template<class _Xp> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator= (const complex<_Xp>& __c)
 {
 __re_ = __c.real();
 __im_ = __c.imag();
 return *this;
 }
 template<class _Xp> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator+=(const complex<_Xp>& __c)
 {
 __re_ += __c.real();
 __im_ += __c.imag();
 return *this;
 }
 template<class _Xp> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator-=(const complex<_Xp>& __c)
 {
 __re_ -= __c.real();
 __im_ -= __c.imag();
 return *this;
 }
 template<class _Xp> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator*=(const complex<_Xp>& __c)
 {
 *this = *this * complex(__c.real(), __c.imag());
 return *this;
 }
 template<class _Xp> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator/=(const complex<_Xp>& __c)
 {
 *this = *this / complex(__c.real(), __c.imag());
 return *this;
 }
};

template<> class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS complex<double>;
template<> class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS complex<long double>;

template<>
class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS complex<float>
{
 float __re_;
 float __im_;
public:
 typedef float value_type;

 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR complex(float __re = 0.0f, float __im = 0.0f)
 : __re_(__re), __im_(__im) {}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
 explicit _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR complex(const complex<double>& __c);
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
 explicit _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR complex(const complex<long double>& __c);

 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR float real() const {return __re_;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR float imag() const {return __im_;}

 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY void real(value_type __re) {__re_ = __re;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY void imag(value_type __im) {__im_ = __im;}

 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator= (float __re)
 {__re_ = __re; __im_ = value_type(); return *this;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator+=(float __re) {__re_ += __re; return *this;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator-=(float __re) {__re_ -= __re; return *this;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator*=(float __re) {__re_ *= __re; __im_ *= __re; return *this;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator/=(float __re) {__re_ /= __re; __im_ /= __re; return *this;}

 template<class _Xp> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator= (const complex<_Xp>& __c)
 {
 __re_ = __c.real();
 __im_ = __c.imag();
 return *this;
 }
 template<class _Xp> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator+=(const complex<_Xp>& __c)
 {
 __re_ += __c.real();
 __im_ += __c.imag();
 return *this;
 }
 template<class _Xp> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator-=(const complex<_Xp>& __c)
 {
 __re_ -= __c.real();
 __im_ -= __c.imag();
 return *this;
 }
 template<class _Xp> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator*=(const complex<_Xp>& __c)
 {
 *this = *this * complex(__c.real(), __c.imag());
 return *this;
 }
 template<class _Xp> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator/=(const complex<_Xp>& __c)
 {
 *this = *this / complex(__c.real(), __c.imag());
 return *this;
 }
};

template<>
class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS complex<double>
{
 double __re_;
 double __im_;
public:
 typedef double value_type;

 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR complex(double __re = 0.0, double __im = 0.0)
 : __re_(__re), __im_(__im) {}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
 _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR complex(const complex<float>& __c);
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
 explicit _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR complex(const complex<long double>& __c);

 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR double real() const {return __re_;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR double imag() const {return __im_;}

 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY void real(value_type __re) {__re_ = __re;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY void imag(value_type __im) {__im_ = __im;}

 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator= (double __re)
 {__re_ = __re; __im_ = value_type(); return *this;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator+=(double __re) {__re_ += __re; return *this;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator-=(double __re) {__re_ -= __re; return *this;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator*=(double __re) {__re_ *= __re; __im_ *= __re; return *this;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator/=(double __re) {__re_ /= __re; __im_ /= __re; return *this;}

 template<class _Xp> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator= (const complex<_Xp>& __c)
 {
 __re_ = __c.real();
 __im_ = __c.imag();
 return *this;
 }
 template<class _Xp> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator+=(const complex<_Xp>& __c)
 {
 __re_ += __c.real();
 __im_ += __c.imag();
 return *this;
 }
 template<class _Xp> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator-=(const complex<_Xp>& __c)
 {
 __re_ -= __c.real();
 __im_ -= __c.imag();
 return *this;
 }
 template<class _Xp> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator*=(const complex<_Xp>& __c)
 {
 *this = *this * complex(__c.real(), __c.imag());
 return *this;
 }
 template<class _Xp> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator/=(const complex<_Xp>& __c)
 {
 *this = *this / complex(__c.real(), __c.imag());
 return *this;
 }
};

template<>
class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS complex<long double>
{
 long double __re_;
 long double __im_;
public:
 typedef long double value_type;

 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR complex(long double __re = 0.0L, long double __im = 0.0L)
 : __re_(__re), __im_(__im) {}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
 _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR complex(const complex<float>& __c);
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
 _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR complex(const complex<double>& __c);

 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR long double real() const {return __re_;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR long double imag() const {return __im_;}

 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY void real(value_type __re) {__re_ = __re;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY void imag(value_type __im) {__im_ = __im;}

 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator= (long double __re)
 {__re_ = __re; __im_ = value_type(); return *this;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator+=(long double __re) {__re_ += __re; return *this;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator-=(long double __re) {__re_ -= __re; return *this;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator*=(long double __re) {__re_ *= __re; __im_ *= __re; return *this;}
 _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator/=(long double __re) {__re_ /= __re; __im_ /= __re; return *this;}

 template<class _Xp> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator= (const complex<_Xp>& __c)
 {
 __re_ = __c.real();
 __im_ = __c.imag();
 return *this;
 }
 template<class _Xp> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator+=(const complex<_Xp>& __c)
 {
 __re_ += __c.real();
 __im_ += __c.imag();
 return *this;
 }
 template<class _Xp> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator-=(const complex<_Xp>& __c)
 {
 __re_ -= __c.real();
 __im_ -= __c.imag();
 return *this;
 }
 template<class _Xp> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator*=(const complex<_Xp>& __c)
 {
 *this = *this * complex(__c.real(), __c.imag());
 return *this;
 }
 template<class _Xp> _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY complex& operator/=(const complex<_Xp>& __c)
 {
 *this = *this / complex(__c.real(), __c.imag());
 return *this;
 }
};

inline
_LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR
complex<float>::complex(const complex<double>& __c)
 : __re_(__c.real()), __im_(__c.imag()) {}

inline
_LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR
complex<float>::complex(const complex<long double>& __c)
 : __re_(__c.real()), __im_(__c.imag()) {}

inline
_LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR
complex<double>::complex(const complex<float>& __c)
 : __re_(__c.real()), __im_(__c.imag()) {}

inline
_LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR
complex<double>::complex(const complex<long double>& __c)
 : __re_(__c.real()), __im_(__c.imag()) {}

inline
_LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR
complex<long double>::complex(const complex<float>& __c)
 : __re_(__c.real()), __im_(__c.imag()) {}

inline
_LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR
complex<long double>::complex(const complex<double>& __c)
 : __re_(__c.real()), __im_(__c.imag()) {}

// 26.3.6 operators:

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
complex<_Tp>
operator+(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
{
 complex<_Tp> __t(__x);
 __t += __y;
 return __t;
}

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
complex<_Tp>
operator+(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Tp& __y)
{
 complex<_Tp> __t(__x);
 __t += __y;
 return __t;
}

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
complex<_Tp>
operator+(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
{
 complex<_Tp> __t(__y);
 __t += __x;
 return __t;
}

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
complex<_Tp>
operator-(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
{
 complex<_Tp> __t(__x);
 __t -= __y;
 return __t;
}

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
complex<_Tp>
operator-(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Tp& __y)
{
 complex<_Tp> __t(__x);
 __t -= __y;
 return __t;
}

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
complex<_Tp>
operator-(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
{
 complex<_Tp> __t(-__y);
 __t += __x;
 return __t;
}

template<class _Tp>
complex<_Tp>
operator*(const complex<_Tp>& __z, const complex<_Tp>& __w)
{
 _Tp __a = __z.real();
 _Tp __b = __z.imag();
 _Tp __c = __w.real();
 _Tp __d = __w.imag();
 _Tp __ac = __a * __c;
 _Tp __bd = __b * __d;
 _Tp __ad = __a * __d;
 _Tp __bc = __b * __c;
 _Tp __x = __ac - __bd;
 _Tp __y = __ad + __bc;
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__x) && __libcpp_isnan(__y))
 {
 bool __recalc = false;
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__a) || __libcpp_isinf(__b))
 {
 __a = copysign(__libcpp_isinf(__a) ? _Tp(1) : _Tp(0), __a);
 __b = copysign(__libcpp_isinf(__b) ? _Tp(1) : _Tp(0), __b);
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__c))
 __c = copysign(_Tp(0), __c);
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__d))
 __d = copysign(_Tp(0), __d);
 __recalc = true;
 }
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__c) || __libcpp_isinf(__d))
 {
 __c = copysign(__libcpp_isinf(__c) ? _Tp(1) : _Tp(0), __c);
 __d = copysign(__libcpp_isinf(__d) ? _Tp(1) : _Tp(0), __d);
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__a))
 __a = copysign(_Tp(0), __a);
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__b))
 __b = copysign(_Tp(0), __b);
 __recalc = true;
 }
 if (!__recalc && (__libcpp_isinf(__ac) || __libcpp_isinf(__bd) ||
 __libcpp_isinf(__ad) || __libcpp_isinf(__bc)))
 {
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__a))
 __a = copysign(_Tp(0), __a);
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__b))
 __b = copysign(_Tp(0), __b);
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__c))
 __c = copysign(_Tp(0), __c);
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__d))
 __d = copysign(_Tp(0), __d);
 __recalc = true;
 }
 if (__recalc)
 {
 __x = _Tp(INFINITY) * (__a * __c - __b * __d);
 __y = _Tp(INFINITY) * (__a * __d + __b * __c);
 }
 }
 return complex<_Tp>(__x, __y);
}

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
complex<_Tp>
operator*(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Tp& __y)
{
 complex<_Tp> __t(__x);
 __t *= __y;
 return __t;
}

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
complex<_Tp>
operator*(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
{
 complex<_Tp> __t(__y);
 __t *= __x;
 return __t;
}

template<class _Tp>
complex<_Tp>
operator/(const complex<_Tp>& __z, const complex<_Tp>& __w)
{
 int __ilogbw = 0;
 _Tp __a = __z.real();
 _Tp __b = __z.imag();
 _Tp __c = __w.real();
 _Tp __d = __w.imag();
 _Tp __logbw = logb(fmax(fabs(__c), fabs(__d)));
 if (__libcpp_isfinite(__logbw))
 {
 __ilogbw = static_cast<int>(__logbw);
 __c = scalbn(__c, -__ilogbw);
 __d = scalbn(__d, -__ilogbw);
 }
 _Tp __denom = __c * __c + __d * __d;
 _Tp __x = scalbn((__a * __c + __b * __d) / __denom, -__ilogbw);
 _Tp __y = scalbn((__b * __c - __a * __d) / __denom, -__ilogbw);
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__x) && __libcpp_isnan(__y))
 {
 if ((__denom == _Tp(0)) && (!__libcpp_isnan(__a) || !__libcpp_isnan(__b)))
 {
 __x = copysign(_Tp(INFINITY), __c) * __a;
 __y = copysign(_Tp(INFINITY), __c) * __b;
 }
 else if ((__libcpp_isinf(__a) || __libcpp_isinf(__b)) && __libcpp_isfinite(__c) && __libcpp_isfinite(__d))
 {
 __a = copysign(__libcpp_isinf(__a) ? _Tp(1) : _Tp(0), __a);
 __b = copysign(__libcpp_isinf(__b) ? _Tp(1) : _Tp(0), __b);
 __x = _Tp(INFINITY) * (__a * __c + __b * __d);
 __y = _Tp(INFINITY) * (__b * __c - __a * __d);
 }
 else if (__libcpp_isinf(__logbw) && __logbw > _Tp(0) && __libcpp_isfinite(__a) && __libcpp_isfinite(__b))
 {
 __c = copysign(__libcpp_isinf(__c) ? _Tp(1) : _Tp(0), __c);
 __d = copysign(__libcpp_isinf(__d) ? _Tp(1) : _Tp(0), __d);
 __x = _Tp(0) * (__a * __c + __b * __d);
 __y = _Tp(0) * (__b * __c - __a * __d);
 }
 }
 return complex<_Tp>(__x, __y);
}

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
complex<_Tp>
operator/(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Tp& __y)
{
 return complex<_Tp>(__x.real() / __y, __x.imag() / __y);
}

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
complex<_Tp>
operator/(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
{
 complex<_Tp> __t(__x);
 __t /= __y;
 return __t;
}

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
complex<_Tp>
operator+(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
{
 return __x;
}

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
complex<_Tp>
operator-(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
{
 return complex<_Tp>(-__x.real(), -__x.imag());
}

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11
bool
operator==(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
{
 return __x.real() == __y.real() && __x.imag() == __y.imag();
}

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11
bool
operator==(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Tp& __y)
{
 return __x.real() == __y && __x.imag() == 0;
}

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11
bool
operator==(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
{
 return __x == __y.real() && 0 == __y.imag();
}

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11
bool
operator!=(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
{
 return !(__x == __y);
}

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11
bool
operator!=(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Tp& __y)
{
 return !(__x == __y);
}

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11
bool
operator!=(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
{
 return !(__x == __y);
}

// 26.3.7 values:

template <class _Tp, bool = is_integral<_Tp>::value,
 bool = is_floating_point<_Tp>::value
 >
struct __libcpp_complex_overload_traits {};

// Integral Types
template <class _Tp>
struct __libcpp_complex_overload_traits<_Tp, true, false>
{
 typedef double _ValueType;
 typedef complex<double> _ComplexType;
};

// Floating point types
template <class _Tp>
struct __libcpp_complex_overload_traits<_Tp, false, true>
{
 typedef _Tp _ValueType;
 typedef complex<_Tp> _ComplexType;
};

// real

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11
_Tp
real(const complex<_Tp>& __c)
{
 return __c.real();
}

template <class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11
typename __libcpp_complex_overload_traits<_Tp>::_ValueType
real(_Tp __re)
{
 return __re;
}

// imag

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11
_Tp
imag(const complex<_Tp>& __c)
{
 return __c.imag();
}

template <class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11
typename __libcpp_complex_overload_traits<_Tp>::_ValueType
imag(_Tp)
{
 return 0;
}

// abs

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
_Tp
abs(const complex<_Tp>& __c)
{
 return hypot(__c.real(), __c.imag());
}

// arg

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
_Tp
arg(const complex<_Tp>& __c)
{
 return atan2(__c.imag(), __c.real());
}

template <class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
typename enable_if<
 is_same<_Tp, long double>::value,
 long double
>::type
arg(_Tp __re)
{
 return atan2l(0.L, __re);
}

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
typename enable_if
<
 is_integral<_Tp>::value || is_same<_Tp, double>::value,
 double
>::type
arg(_Tp __re)
{
 return atan2(0., __re);
}

template <class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
typename enable_if<
 is_same<_Tp, float>::value,
 float
>::type
arg(_Tp __re)
{
 return atan2f(0.F, __re);
}

// norm

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
_Tp
norm(const complex<_Tp>& __c)
{
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__c.real()))
 return abs(__c.real());
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__c.imag()))
 return abs(__c.imag());
 return __c.real() * __c.real() + __c.imag() * __c.imag();
}

template <class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
typename __libcpp_complex_overload_traits<_Tp>::_ValueType
norm(_Tp __re)
{
 typedef typename __libcpp_complex_overload_traits<_Tp>::_ValueType _ValueType;
 return static_cast<_ValueType>(__re) * __re;
}

// conj

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
complex<_Tp>
conj(const complex<_Tp>& __c)
{
 return complex<_Tp>(__c.real(), -__c.imag());
}

template <class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
typename __libcpp_complex_overload_traits<_Tp>::_ComplexType
conj(_Tp __re)
{
 typedef typename __libcpp_complex_overload_traits<_Tp>::_ComplexType _ComplexType;
 return _ComplexType(__re);
}



// proj

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
complex<_Tp>
proj(const complex<_Tp>& __c)
{
 std::complex<_Tp> __r = __c;
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__c.real()) || __libcpp_isinf(__c.imag()))
 __r = complex<_Tp>(INFINITY, copysign(_Tp(0), __c.imag()));
 return __r;
}

template <class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
typename enable_if
<
 is_floating_point<_Tp>::value,
 typename __libcpp_complex_overload_traits<_Tp>::_ComplexType
>::type
proj(_Tp __re)
{
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__re))
 __re = abs(__re);
 return complex<_Tp>(__re);
}

template <class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
typename enable_if
<
 is_integral<_Tp>::value,
 typename __libcpp_complex_overload_traits<_Tp>::_ComplexType
>::type
proj(_Tp __re)
{
 typedef typename __libcpp_complex_overload_traits<_Tp>::_ComplexType _ComplexType;
 return _ComplexType(__re);
}

// polar

template<class _Tp>
complex<_Tp>
polar(const _Tp& __rho, const _Tp& __theta = _Tp(0))
{
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__rho) || signbit(__rho))
 return complex<_Tp>(_Tp(NAN), _Tp(NAN));
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__theta))
 {
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__rho))
 return complex<_Tp>(__rho, __theta);
 return complex<_Tp>(__theta, __theta);
 }
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__theta))
 {
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__rho))
 return complex<_Tp>(__rho, _Tp(NAN));
 return complex<_Tp>(_Tp(NAN), _Tp(NAN));
 }
 _Tp __x = __rho * cos(__theta);
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__x))
 __x = 0;
 _Tp __y = __rho * sin(__theta);
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__y))
 __y = 0;
 return complex<_Tp>(__x, __y);
}

// log

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
complex<_Tp>
log(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
{
 return complex<_Tp>(log(abs(__x)), arg(__x));
}

// log10

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
complex<_Tp>
log10(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
{
 return log(__x) / log(_Tp(10));
}

// sqrt

template<class _Tp>
complex<_Tp>
sqrt(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
{
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__x.imag()))
 return complex<_Tp>(_Tp(INFINITY), __x.imag());
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__x.real()))
 {
 if (__x.real() > _Tp(0))
 return complex<_Tp>(__x.real(), __libcpp_isnan(__x.imag()) ? __x.imag() : copysign(_Tp(0), __x.imag()));
 return complex<_Tp>(__libcpp_isnan(__x.imag()) ? __x.imag() : _Tp(0), copysign(__x.real(), __x.imag()));
 }
 return polar(sqrt(abs(__x)), arg(__x) / _Tp(2));
}

// exp

template<class _Tp>
complex<_Tp>
exp(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
{
 _Tp __i = __x.imag();
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__x.real()))
 {
 if (__x.real() < _Tp(0))
 {
 if (!__libcpp_isfinite(__i))
 __i = _Tp(1);
 }
 else if (__i == 0 || !__libcpp_isfinite(__i))
 {
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__i))
 __i = _Tp(NAN);
 return complex<_Tp>(__x.real(), __i);
 }
 }
 else if (__libcpp_isnan(__x.real()) && __x.imag() == 0)
 return __x;
 _Tp __e = exp(__x.real());
 return complex<_Tp>(__e * cos(__i), __e * sin(__i));
}

// pow

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
complex<_Tp>
pow(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
{
 return exp(__y * log(__x));
}

template<class _Tp, class _Up>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
complex<typename __promote<_Tp, _Up>::type>
pow(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Up>& __y)
{
 typedef complex<typename __promote<_Tp, _Up>::type> result_type;
 return _VSTD::pow(result_type(__x), result_type(__y));
}

template<class _Tp, class _Up>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
typename enable_if
<
 is_arithmetic<_Up>::value,
 complex<typename __promote<_Tp, _Up>::type>
>::type
pow(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Up& __y)
{
 typedef complex<typename __promote<_Tp, _Up>::type> result_type;
 return _VSTD::pow(result_type(__x), result_type(__y));
}

template<class _Tp, class _Up>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
typename enable_if
<
 is_arithmetic<_Tp>::value,
 complex<typename __promote<_Tp, _Up>::type>
>::type
pow(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Up>& __y)
{
 typedef complex<typename __promote<_Tp, _Up>::type> result_type;
 return _VSTD::pow(result_type(__x), result_type(__y));
}

// asinh

template<class _Tp>
complex<_Tp>
asinh(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
{
 const _Tp __pi(atan2(+0., -0.));
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__x.real()))
 {
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__x.imag()))
 return __x;
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__x.imag()))
 return complex<_Tp>(__x.real(), copysign(__pi * _Tp(0.25), __x.imag()));
 return complex<_Tp>(__x.real(), copysign(_Tp(0), __x.imag()));
 }
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__x.real()))
 {
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__x.imag()))
 return complex<_Tp>(__x.imag(), __x.real());
 if (__x.imag() == 0)
 return __x;
 return complex<_Tp>(__x.real(), __x.real());
 }
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__x.imag()))
 return complex<_Tp>(copysign(__x.imag(), __x.real()), copysign(__pi/_Tp(2), __x.imag()));
 complex<_Tp> __z = log(__x + sqrt(pow(__x, _Tp(2)) + _Tp(1)));
 return complex<_Tp>(copysign(__z.real(), __x.real()), copysign(__z.imag(), __x.imag()));
}

// acosh

template<class _Tp>
complex<_Tp>
acosh(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
{
 const _Tp __pi(atan2(+0., -0.));
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__x.real()))
 {
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__x.imag()))
 return complex<_Tp>(abs(__x.real()), __x.imag());
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__x.imag()))
 {
 if (__x.real() > 0)
 return complex<_Tp>(__x.real(), copysign(__pi * _Tp(0.25), __x.imag()));
 else
 return complex<_Tp>(-__x.real(), copysign(__pi * _Tp(0.75), __x.imag()));
 }
 if (__x.real() < 0)
 return complex<_Tp>(-__x.real(), copysign(__pi, __x.imag()));
 return complex<_Tp>(__x.real(), copysign(_Tp(0), __x.imag()));
 }
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__x.real()))
 {
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__x.imag()))
 return complex<_Tp>(abs(__x.imag()), __x.real());
 return complex<_Tp>(__x.real(), __x.real());
 }
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__x.imag()))
 return complex<_Tp>(abs(__x.imag()), copysign(__pi/_Tp(2), __x.imag()));
 complex<_Tp> __z = log(__x + sqrt(pow(__x, _Tp(2)) - _Tp(1)));
 return complex<_Tp>(copysign(__z.real(), _Tp(0)), copysign(__z.imag(), __x.imag()));
}

// atanh

template<class _Tp>
complex<_Tp>
atanh(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
{
 const _Tp __pi(atan2(+0., -0.));
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__x.imag()))
 {
 return complex<_Tp>(copysign(_Tp(0), __x.real()), copysign(__pi/_Tp(2), __x.imag()));
 }
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__x.imag()))
 {
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__x.real()) || __x.real() == 0)
 return complex<_Tp>(copysign(_Tp(0), __x.real()), __x.imag());
 return complex<_Tp>(__x.imag(), __x.imag());
 }
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__x.real()))
 {
 return complex<_Tp>(__x.real(), __x.real());
 }
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__x.real()))
 {
 return complex<_Tp>(copysign(_Tp(0), __x.real()), copysign(__pi/_Tp(2), __x.imag()));
 }
 if (abs(__x.real()) == _Tp(1) && __x.imag() == _Tp(0))
 {
 return complex<_Tp>(copysign(_Tp(INFINITY), __x.real()), copysign(_Tp(0), __x.imag()));
 }
 complex<_Tp> __z = log((_Tp(1) + __x) / (_Tp(1) - __x)) / _Tp(2);
 return complex<_Tp>(copysign(__z.real(), __x.real()), copysign(__z.imag(), __x.imag()));
}

// sinh

template<class _Tp>
complex<_Tp>
sinh(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
{
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__x.real()) && !__libcpp_isfinite(__x.imag()))
 return complex<_Tp>(__x.real(), _Tp(NAN));
 if (__x.real() == 0 && !__libcpp_isfinite(__x.imag()))
 return complex<_Tp>(__x.real(), _Tp(NAN));
 if (__x.imag() == 0 && !__libcpp_isfinite(__x.real()))
 return __x;
 return complex<_Tp>(sinh(__x.real()) * cos(__x.imag()), cosh(__x.real()) * sin(__x.imag()));
}

// cosh

template<class _Tp>
complex<_Tp>
cosh(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
{
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__x.real()) && !__libcpp_isfinite(__x.imag()))
 return complex<_Tp>(abs(__x.real()), _Tp(NAN));
 if (__x.real() == 0 && !__libcpp_isfinite(__x.imag()))
 return complex<_Tp>(_Tp(NAN), __x.real());
 if (__x.real() == 0 && __x.imag() == 0)
 return complex<_Tp>(_Tp(1), __x.imag());
 if (__x.imag() == 0 && !__libcpp_isfinite(__x.real()))
 return complex<_Tp>(abs(__x.real()), __x.imag());
 return complex<_Tp>(cosh(__x.real()) * cos(__x.imag()), sinh(__x.real()) * sin(__x.imag()));
}

// tanh

template<class _Tp>
complex<_Tp>
tanh(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
{
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__x.real()))
 {
 if (!__libcpp_isfinite(__x.imag()))
 return complex<_Tp>(_Tp(1), _Tp(0));
 return complex<_Tp>(_Tp(1), copysign(_Tp(0), sin(_Tp(2) * __x.imag())));
 }
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__x.real()) && __x.imag() == 0)
 return __x;
 _Tp __2r(_Tp(2) * __x.real());
 _Tp __2i(_Tp(2) * __x.imag());
 _Tp __d(cosh(__2r) + cos(__2i));
 _Tp __2rsh(sinh(__2r));
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__2rsh) && __libcpp_isinf(__d))
 return complex<_Tp>(__2rsh > _Tp(0) ? _Tp(1) : _Tp(-1),
 __2i > _Tp(0) ? _Tp(0) : _Tp(-0.));
 return complex<_Tp>(__2rsh/__d, sin(__2i)/__d);
}

// asin

template<class _Tp>
complex<_Tp>
asin(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
{
 complex<_Tp> __z = asinh(complex<_Tp>(-__x.imag(), __x.real()));
 return complex<_Tp>(__z.imag(), -__z.real());
}

// acos

template<class _Tp>
complex<_Tp>
acos(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
{
 const _Tp __pi(atan2(+0., -0.));
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__x.real()))
 {
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__x.imag()))
 return complex<_Tp>(__x.imag(), __x.real());
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__x.imag()))
 {
 if (__x.real() < _Tp(0))
 return complex<_Tp>(_Tp(0.75) * __pi, -__x.imag());
 return complex<_Tp>(_Tp(0.25) * __pi, -__x.imag());
 }
 if (__x.real() < _Tp(0))
 return complex<_Tp>(__pi, signbit(__x.imag()) ? -__x.real() : __x.real());
 return complex<_Tp>(_Tp(0), signbit(__x.imag()) ? __x.real() : -__x.real());
 }
 if (__libcpp_isnan(__x.real()))
 {
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__x.imag()))
 return complex<_Tp>(__x.real(), -__x.imag());
 return complex<_Tp>(__x.real(), __x.real());
 }
 if (__libcpp_isinf(__x.imag()))
 return complex<_Tp>(__pi/_Tp(2), -__x.imag());
 if (__x.real() == 0 && (__x.imag() == 0 || isnan(__x.imag())))
 return complex<_Tp>(__pi/_Tp(2), -__x.imag());
 complex<_Tp> __z = log(__x + sqrt(pow(__x, _Tp(2)) - _Tp(1)));
 if (signbit(__x.imag()))
 return complex<_Tp>(abs(__z.imag()), abs(__z.real()));
 return complex<_Tp>(abs(__z.imag()), -abs(__z.real()));
}

// atan

template<class _Tp>
complex<_Tp>
atan(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
{
 complex<_Tp> __z = atanh(complex<_Tp>(-__x.imag(), __x.real()));
 return complex<_Tp>(__z.imag(), -__z.real());
}

// sin

template<class _Tp>
complex<_Tp>
sin(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
{
 complex<_Tp> __z = sinh(complex<_Tp>(-__x.imag(), __x.real()));
 return complex<_Tp>(__z.imag(), -__z.real());
}

// cos

template<class _Tp>
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
complex<_Tp>
cos(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
{
 return cosh(complex<_Tp>(-__x.imag(), __x.real()));
}

// tan

template<class _Tp>
complex<_Tp>
tan(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
{
 complex<_Tp> __z = tanh(complex<_Tp>(-__x.imag(), __x.real()));
 return complex<_Tp>(__z.imag(), -__z.real());
}

template<class _Tp, class _CharT, class _Traits>
basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is, complex<_Tp>& __x)
{
 if (__is.good())
 {
 ws(__is);
 if (__is.peek() == _CharT('('))
 {
 __is.get();
 _Tp __r;
 __is >> __r;
 if (!__is.fail())
 {
 ws(__is);
 _CharT __c = __is.peek();
 if (__c == _CharT(','))
 {
 __is.get();
 _Tp __i;
 __is >> __i;
 if (!__is.fail())
 {
 ws(__is);
 __c = __is.peek();
 if (__c == _CharT(')'))
 {
 __is.get();
 __x = complex<_Tp>(__r, __i);
 }
 else
 __is.setstate(ios_base::failbit);
 }
 else
 __is.setstate(ios_base::failbit);
 }
 else if (__c == _CharT(')'))
 {
 __is.get();
 __x = complex<_Tp>(__r, _Tp(0));
 }
 else
 __is.setstate(ios_base::failbit);
 }
 else
 __is.setstate(ios_base::failbit);
 }
 else
 {
 _Tp __r;
 __is >> __r;
 if (!__is.fail())
 __x = complex<_Tp>(__r, _Tp(0));
 else
 __is.setstate(ios_base::failbit);
 }
 }
 else
 __is.setstate(ios_base::failbit);
 return __is;
}

template<class _Tp, class _CharT, class _Traits>
basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os, const complex<_Tp>& __x)
{
 basic_ostringstream<_CharT, _Traits> __s;
 __s.flags(__os.flags());
 __s.imbue(__os.getloc());
 __s.precision(__os.precision());
 __s << '(' << __x.real() << ',' << __x.imag() << ')';
 return __os << __s.str();
}

#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 11 
// Literal suffix for complex number literals [complex.literals]
inline namespace literals
{ 
 inline namespace complex_literals
 {
 constexpr complex<long double> operator""il(long double __im)
 {
 return { 0.0l, __im };
 }

 constexpr complex<long double> operator""il(unsigned long long __im)
 {
 return { 0.0l, static_cast<long double>(__im) };
 }


 constexpr complex<double> operator""i(long double __im)
 {
 return { 0.0, static_cast<double>(__im) };
 }

 constexpr complex<double> operator""i(unsigned long long __im)
 {
 return { 0.0, static_cast<double>(__im) };
 }


 constexpr complex<float> operator""if(long double __im)
 {
 return { 0.0f, static_cast<float>(__im) };
 }

 constexpr complex<float> operator""if(unsigned long long __im)
 {
 return { 0.0f, static_cast<float>(__im) };
 }
 }
}
#endif

_LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD

#endif // _LIBCPP_COMPLEX