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My Compute Engine vm when deployed run a startup script. Everything seems working well, but there is one command in the startup script which I think it doesn't.

I run the command

apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y

This should install the newest versions of all packages (right?)

When I do this by hand it works, but it takes a lot of time. If I let the script do it I don't see any output when I connect over ssh so I have to asume it's still running. Is there a way I can see if it is still working and if it has finished or not?

This is the script:

#! /bin/bash file="/var/www/check.txt" if [ -e $file ] then apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y git -C /var/www/html pull https://xxxxxx:[email protected]/xxxxxx/xxxxx.git else apt-get update apt-get install apache2 php libapache2-mod-php php-mcrypt php-mysql mysql-client -y a2dismod autoindex service apache2 restart cat <<EOF > /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/dir.conf <IfModule mod_dir.c> DirectoryIndex index.php index.cgi index.pl index.html index.xhtml index.htm </IfModule> # vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet EOF rm -rf /var/www/html git clone https://xxxxxx:[email protected]/xxxxxx/xxxxx.git /var/www/html/ cat <<EOF > /etc/apache2/sites-available/xxxxx.conf <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName xxxxxx.com ServerAlias www.xxxxxx.com ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot /var/www/html/wwwroot ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined </VirtualHost> # vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet EOF cat <<EOF > /etc/apache2/sites-available/020-xxxxx_xxxx.conf <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName xxxx.xxxxx.xxx ServerAlias xxxx ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot /var/www/html/xxxxx ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined </VirtualHost> # vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet EOF cat <<EOF > /var/www/html/wwwroot/.htaccess RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off RewriteCond %{HTTP:X-Forwarded-Proto} !https RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301] EOF sed -i 's/AllowOverride None/AllowOverride All/g' /etc/apache2/apache2.conf wget https://dl.google.com/cloudsql/cloud_sql_proxy.linux.amd64 -O cloud_sql_proxy chmod +x cloud_sql_proxy mkdir /cloudsql; sudo chmod 777 /cloudsql ./cloud_sql_proxy -dir=/cloudsql & #rm /var/www/html/wwwroot/xxxxx/xxxxxx.php #temporary for testing. cat <<'EOF' > /var/www/html/wwwroot/includes/xxxxx.xxxx <?php error_reporting(E_ALL); ini_set('display_errors', 1); $username = "xxxxxx"; $password = "xxxxx"; $host = "/cloudsql/snappy-gantry-xxxxx:europe-west1:db1"; $dbname = "xxxxx"; setlocale(LC_ALL, 'nld_nld'); $options = array(PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND => 'SET NAMES utf8'); try { $db = new PDO("mysql:unix_socket={$host};dbname={$dbname};charset=utf8", $username, $password, $options); $db->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES, false); $db->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION); $db->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE, PDO::FETCH_ASSOC); } catch (PDOException $ex) { die("Failed to connect to the database: " . $ex->getMessage()); } if (session_status() == PHP_SESSION_NONE) { session_start(); } EOF a2dissite 000-default a2ensite 010-xxxxx_main a2ensite 020-xxxx_help a2enmod rewrite service apache2 restart apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y sudo cat <<EOF > /var/www/check.txt aanwezig! EOF fi
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    Please post the script where it doesn't work. Commented Nov 22, 2017 at 9:12
  • The script does work, i'm just not sure if the line above works. all the other lines in my script i can verify. the line above is pasted from the script itself Commented Nov 22, 2017 at 9:15
  • The line is correct, and it should always produce output. If you don't get output, you are doing something in your script that prevents it. Without seeing that script we can't debug it further. Commented Nov 22, 2017 at 9:16
  • added the script. script is run from a google cloud bucket. presumably run from root account (?). i log in using my own account. Commented Nov 22, 2017 at 9:24
  • i just checked my vm again. it does seem to be working fine. thing is i would like to know when the script is finished. now i had to wait for 20 minutes and just give the upgrade command again which now states all is up-2-date. this is ofcourse a mechanism to see if it works but i rather have a way to see the current output of the script or maybe a summary at the end. (Yes i know the script is rubbish but it works :-) ) Commented Nov 22, 2017 at 9:29

4 Answers 4

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Startup script output of Google Cloud Compute Engine instances is written to one of the following log files depending on the Linux distribution of the instance:

  • CentOS and RHEL: /var/log/messages
  • Debian: /var/log/daemon.log
  • Ubuntu 14.04, 16.04, and 16.10: /var/log/syslog
  • SLES 11 and 12: /var/log/messages

If for some reason you want to store updates of the script you may consider to redirect the output to a file and to upload id to Google Storage. For example:

 ... $ command >> output $ command >> output $ gsutil cp output gs://yourbucketname/output $ command >> output ... $ command >> output $ gsutil cp output gs://yourbucketname/output $ ...

Note that you might consider to redirect as well the standard error with '2>>' to a file and upload it as well.

EDIT: I forgot to answer to one of your question. Yes you can check if the command is still running; since from the operating system point of view these commands are normal processes, therefore you will be able to check them running:

$ ps -aux

For example I got this output having a sleep as startup script

root 691 0.0 0.0 5840 696 ? S 14:45 0:00 sleep 30
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grep startup-scrip /var/log/syslog

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    This does not provide an answer to the question. Once you have sufficient reputation you will be able to comment on any post; instead, provide answers that don't require clarification from the asker. - From Review Commented Jun 20, 2020 at 20:45
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    well running this command will print output of the startup script in the compute engine instance. I am looking at the question now "Is it possible to see output startup script in compute engine" mmm yeah, it is possible, run grep startup-scrip /var/log/syslog and you will see the output of startup script. I don't know what are you talking about. Commented Jun 21, 2020 at 10:31
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    This answer has no explanation for "what and why" happens here, regardless of the technical correctness (whis is the case IMHO). Try to copy the good parts of your comment into the answer to explain it. Commented Jun 22, 2020 at 8:49
  • It's a helpful command to see if even the script runs. I found it helpful. Commented Feb 12, 2021 at 18:57
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For RHEL and CentOS you can also use journalctl command

$ journalctl

or if you want to follow the logs live as your startup script executes you, you can use the -f option:

$ journalctl -f
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  • More specifically: journalctl -u google-startup-scripts -f Commented Nov 19, 2021 at 11:41
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You can use journalctl on Debian as of 2022 like this

sudo journalctl -u google-startup-scripts.service

see https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/startup-scripts/linux

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