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Let $X$ be a locally convex topological vector space and let $X^*$ denote its dual. Let $T \subset X^*$ be a Hamel basis of $X^*$. Consider the canonical map $$ \Phi\colon X \to \mathbb{R}^T, \qquad \Phi(x) = (x^*(x))_{x^* \in T}, $$ where $\mathbb{R}^T$ is endowed with the product topology. If we equip $X$ with the weak topology $\sigma(X,X^*)$, then $\Phi$ is a topological embedding of $X$ onto its image, and $\Phi(X)$ is dense in $\mathbb{R}^T$.

Let $f\colon X \to \mathbb{R}$ be a bounded function which is continuous with respect to the weak topology. Since $\Phi$ is an embedding, $f$ corresponds to a bounded continuous function $$ \tilde f\colon \Phi(X) \to \mathbb{R}. $$

Main question: Can every bounded weakly continuous function $f$ on $X$ be written as $$ f = g \circ \Phi $$ for some bounded continuous function $g \in C_b(\mathbb{R}^T)$?
Equivalently, does every bounded continuous function on the subspace $\Phi(X)$ extend to a bounded continuous function on the whole product $\mathbb{R}^T$?


Motivation / context

  • Trivially, every weakly continuous $f$ corresponds to some $\tilde f \in C_b(\Phi(X))$. The question is whether $\tilde f$ admits an extension to a function in $C_b(\mathbb{R}^T)$.

  • One may suspect the statement is false in general. For example, in product spaces $\mathbb{R}^T$ with uncountable $T$, continuous functions on dense subsets may fail to extend to the whole product (e.g., functions depending on finitely many nonzero coordinates). This provides a heuristic idea for constructing a counterexample in an infinite-dimensional Banach or Hilbert space.

  • In particular, one may ask about the Hilbert space $X = \ell^2$ with the weak topology: does a weakly continuous bounded function on $\ell^2$ always admit such a representation?

Thank you for any pointers, references, or counterexamples.

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    $\begingroup$ According to MathOverflow guidelines, users should refrain from responding to posts that "request answers to multiple questions". Your post contains three questions, with additional "sub-questions". The best questions are pointed yes-or-no ones, and in fact your post contains such a question. Can you edit your post accordingly? $\endgroup$ Commented Oct 31 at 15:06
  • $\begingroup$ Thank you for the comment. I have updated the post in accordance with MathOverflow guidelines: it now focuses on a single main question, with other observations and examples provided as context rather than separate questions. $\endgroup$ Commented Oct 31 at 15:36
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    $\begingroup$ @ChristianRemling You are right — thank you for the remark. I have updated the post to clarify that the product space should be taken as $\mathbb{R}^T$, where $T$ is a Hamel basis of $X^*$. The main question is now focused accordingly, and other observations are provided as context. $\endgroup$ Commented Oct 31 at 19:31

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