What is Selenium :

• selenium was first created by Jason Huggins in 2004
• Selenium is a software testing tool which can automate your entire testing phase .

Components of Selenium :

Selenium is a package which has different components for different use cases .

• Selenium RC It is an web server which acts as an HTTP proxy .
• Selenium IDE It's just a plugin . Mainly used for recording and playback the script .
• Selenium Grid Multiple test cases can be executed simentaniously.
• Selenium WebDriver Main component of selenium which used for cross-platform testing .

Features :

• Open source .
• Easy to implement .
• less hardware usages .
• multi browser support .
• different language support .
• Parallel test execution .

Set up :

• Download
• Download the chrome driver (Different browser have diff driver)

• Install Selenium standalone server

• Open eclipse

1. create a new project
2. right click on it
3. Navigate to properties
4. Build paths
5. click on classpath library .
6. Add external jar
7. Navigate to the folder (Where you have downloaded your selenium click on that and under lib folder we have our jar files(executable files) ) .
8. Apply and close

A simple test case written on java :

public class Lunch { public static void main(String[] args) { System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.drive", "C://selenium//chromedriver.exe"); //We need to create the object for our chromedriver WebDriver driver = new chromeDriver(); driver.get("https://www.facebook.com"); //Then we can perform Desired testing with driver object driver.findElement(By.id("email")).sendKeys("hlw"); driver.findElement(By.id("pass")).sendKeys("1234"); driver.findElement(By.name("login")).click(); } } 

So here we are automating the task we might do manually like

1. opening the browser .
2. Insert the credentials .
3. Then click on Log in .

• What we are defining Selenium is to go to the Facebook's URL and by using selectors .

• We can find the selectors by inspecting the page (ctl + shift + i).

• After Entering the credentials for username and password fields we then click on the login button .

How can we optimize more .

public class Lunch { public static void main(String[] args) { System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\\Selinium\\chromedriver.exe"); //we need create a object for the chromedriver WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); driver.get("https://www.facebook.com"); String title = driver.getTitle(); //Actual title // Facebook – log in or sign  if(title.matches("Facebook – log in or sign up")) { System.out.println("valid page"); driver.findElement(By.id("email")).sendKeys("hlw"); driver.findElement(By.id("pass")).sendKeys("1234"); driver.findElement(By.name("login")).click(); }else { System.out.println("Invalid page"); driver.close(); } } } 

Upon the validity of the mentioned URL we are performing the task otherwise simply close the connection .

we can use TestNg for generating the test reports . where NG means "next generation" . It is a testing framework like Junit .

Features of TestNG :

• annotations are easy to create test cases .
• Test case can be grouped by prioritized more easily .
• It supports parameterization .
• supports data-driven testing using DataProviders .
• Generates HTML reports .
• Parallel test execution is possible .

Annotations in TestNG :

Annotations in TestNG are used to decide the flow of the program .

• @BeforeSuite
• @BeforeTest
• @BeforeClass

Why do we need Maven :

• Imagine a scenario where we want to give the same test case file to other person then we have to also include the jar files which is time taking because sending a lot of jar files over the internet could be inappropriate .
• Here we could use Maven .

• Maven is used to download dependencies for a software program .
• dependencies are downloaded are included inside a POM file .
• Once the dependencies are included simply save the project and all the dependencies will automatically downloaded .