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魔眼天王
魔眼天王

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DevEco Testing: Official Automation Testing Tool for HarmonyOS Applications

These notes provide a high-level overview and may contain inaccuracies. For detailed information, please refer to the official documentation.

1. Test Framework Architecture

DevEco Testing is built on the JUnit5 extension mechanism and adopts a layered testing strategy:

  1. ​Unit Testing Layer: Covers business logic components (Service/Manager)

  2. ​Component Testing Layer: Validates Ability/Extension functionalities

  3. ​System Testing Layer: Verifies multi-device collaborative scenarios

Core capabilities include:

  • ​ArkTS Test Engine: Supports asynchronous task validation

  • ​Device Shadow Mode: Simulates multi-device collaborative environments

  • ​Data Sandbox: Isolates test data from production environments

2. Unit Testing Implementation

1. Test Case Specifications 

typescript
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// Example: Asynchronous Task Validation @Test async function testAsyncTask() { const result = await DataService.fetchData(); assertEquals(result.code, 200); assertTrue(Array.isArray(result.data)); }
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2. Mock Service Configuration

Dependency isolation using @Mock annotations:

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// Mock network service @Mock class NetworkService { @InjectMock async fetchData(): Promise<Data> { return { code: 200, data: mockData }; } }
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3. Test Coverage

Line-level coverage reporting:

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------------------------- Test Coverage Report ------------------------- Module | Line Coverage | Branch Coverage ----------------------------------------------- CoreService | 82% | 75% UIComponent | 91% | 88% NetworkModule | 67% | 63%
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3. UI Automation Testing

1. Component Localization Strategies

Strategy Use Case Example Code
resource-id Stable element ID component.findComponentById('btn_submit')
text Dynamic content matching component.findComponentsByText('Submit')
xpath Complex hierarchy component.findByXPath('//*[@text="Confirm"]')

2. Gesture Simulation 

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// Swipe Operation Example test('Swipe Test', async () => { await gesture.swipe({ startX: 500, startY: 1500, endX: 500, endY: 500, duration: 800 }); await expect(component).toHaveText('New Content'); });
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3. Exception Scenarios

  • Network fluctuation simulation: device.simulateNetwork('3G')

  • Memory pressure testing: device.fillMemory(80%)

  • Low battery testing: device.setBatteryLevel(15%)

4. CI/CD Integration

1. Pipeline Configuration 

yaml
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# devops-ci.yaml stages: - name: unit-test script: - npm run build - npm run test:unit -- --coverage - name: ui-test device: type: emulator config: phone_2k script: - npm run test:ui -- --headless
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2. Test Reporting

Output formats:

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test-results/ ├── junit.xml # CI system integration └── report.html # Visual analysis report
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5. Debugging Techniques

1. Log Filtering 

bash
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# Filter logs by test class hilog -p I -t "com.example.test.*"
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2. Snapshot Comparison

UI state comparison workflow:

  1. Capture baseline interface snapshot

  2. Execute test cases

  3. Automatic element property difference analysis

3. Performance Benchmarks

Metric Baseline Alert Threshold
Launch Time ≤800ms ≥1200ms
Memory Usage ≤150MB ≥200MB
FPS ≥55 ≤45 
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 > Note: For complete API documentation, refer to DevEco Studio official manuals. Test case templates can be generated via IDE plugins. It is recommended to maintain a 1:3 ratio between test code and business code.
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