Creational Design Patterns in Python. Part II

import requests class APIRequest: def __init__(self): self.method = "GET" self.url = "" self.headers = {} self.params = {} self.json = None def __str__(self): return ( f"{self.method} {self.url}\n" f"Headers: {self.headers}\n" f"Params: {self.params}\n" f"Body: {self.json}" ) class APIRequestBuilder: def __init__(self): self.request = APIRequest() def set_method(self, method: str): self.request.method = method.upper() return self def set_url(self, url: str): self.request.url = url return self def add_header(self, key: str, value: str): self.request.headers[key] = value return self def add_query_param(self, key: str, value: str): self.request.params[key] = value return self def set_json_body(self, data: dict): self.request.json = data return self def build(self): return self.request def send(self): print("Sending request:") print(self.request) print("-" * 50) response = requests.request( method=self.request.method, url=self.request.url, headers=self.request.headers, params=self.request.params, json=self.request.json ) return response class GitHubRequestDirector: def __init__(self, builder: APIRequestBuilder): self.builder = builder def get_user_repos(self, username): return ( self.builder.set_method("GET") .set_url(f"https://api.github.com/users/{username}/repos") .add_header("Accept", "application/vnd.github.v3+json") .build() ) if __name__ == "__main__": # Example 1: POST to JSONPlaceholder  post_builder = APIRequestBuilder() response = ( post_builder.set_method("POST") .set_url("https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts") .add_header("Content-Type", "application/json") .set_json_body({ "title": "Builder Pattern", "body": "Making API calls easier", "userId": 42 }) .send() ) print("Status:", response.status_code) print("Response JSON:", response.json()) print("=" * 80) # Example 2: GET GitHub repos using a director  github_builder = APIRequestBuilder() director = GitHubRequestDirector(github_builder) github_request = director.get_user_repos("octocat") response = requests.request( method=github_request.method, url=github_request.url, headers=github_request.headers ) print("GitHub Repos for octocat:") for repo in response.json()[:3]: # show only first 3  print("-", repo["name"]) 

import copy import requests class Prototype: def clone(self): return copy.deepcopy(self) class APIRequest(Prototype): def __init__(self, method="GET", url="", headers=None, params=None, json=None): self.method = method self.url = url self.headers = headers or {} self.params = params or {} self.json = json def send(self): print(f"Sending {self.method} request to {self.url}") response = requests.request( method=self.method, url=self.url, headers=self.headers, params=self.params, json=self.json ) return response def __str__(self): return ( f"{self.method} {self.url}\n" f"Headers: {self.headers}\n" f"Params: {self.params}\n" f"Body: {self.json}" ) if __name__ == "__main__": # Step 1: Create a prototype for a POST request  post_template = APIRequest( method="POST", url="https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts", headers={"Content-Type": "application/json"}, json={"userId": 1} ) # Step 2: Clone the template and customize each  post1 = post_template.clone() post1.json["title"] = "Post 1" post1.json["body"] = "Body for post 1" post2 = post_template.clone() post2.json["title"] = "Post 2" post2.json["body"] = "Body for post 2" # Step 3: Send requests  for post in [post1, post2]: print("=" * 40) print("Request:") print(post) print("-" * 40) response = post.send() print("Status:", response.status_code) print("Response:", response.json())