Below is a simple Dockerfile for a Rust project. It uses a multi-stage build to first build the project and then copy the binary into a new image. This is a common pattern for compiled languages.
The first stage is named builder. It caches the dependencies with a dummy src/main.rs file. This allows the dependencies to be cached and reused when the source code changes.
# Build dependencies COPY Cargo.toml Cargo.lock ./ RUN mkdir ./src && echo 'fn main() {}' > ./src/main.rs RUN cargo build --release The main.rs file is then deleted and the real source code is copied in. This forces the build to recompile the source code, but not the dependencies.
# Replace with real src RUN rm -rf ./src COPY ./src ./src # break the Cargo cache RUN touch ./src/main.rs # Build the project RUN cargo build --release The run stage uses the debian:bookworm-slim image which is a minimal Debian image. The bookworm tag is the codename for the next Debian release. The -slim tag is a minimal version of the image.
# Run stage FROM debian:bookworm-slim as run RUN apt-get update && apt install -y openssl && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* && apt-get clean COPY --from=builder /usr/src/app/target/release/app /usr/local/bin ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/local/bin/app"] The full Dockerfile is below.
# Build stage FROM rust:bookworm as builder WORKDIR /usr/src/app # Build dependencies COPY Cargo.toml Cargo.lock ./ RUN mkdir ./src && echo 'fn main() {}' > ./src/main.rs RUN cargo build --release # Replace with real src RUN rm -rf ./src COPY ./src ./src # break the Cargo cache RUN touch ./src/main.rs # Build the project RUN cargo build --release # Run stage FROM debian:bookworm-slim as run RUN apt-get update && apt install -y openssl && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* && apt-get clean COPY --from=builder /usr/src/app/target/release/app /usr/local/bin ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/local/bin/app"] 
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