*Memo:
- My post explains string, bytes and bytearray functions.
str.maketrans() and bytes.maketrans() or bytearray.maketrans() can make the table to translate a string and bytes or bytearray with str.translate() and bytes.translate() or bytearray.translate() respectively as shown below:
*Memo for str.maketrans():
- The 1st argument is
x(Required-Type:dict{str/int:str/int/None}/str):- It must be
dictif only one argument is set, which is recommended:- A key is replaced with a value.
- A
strkey must be the length 1. - A
strkey is converted to a Unicode number. - An empty string or
Nonemeans nothing. - It can be an empty dictionary.
- It must be
strif two or three arguments are set:- It's the zero or more characters replaced with
y.
- It's the zero or more characters replaced with
- Don't use
x=.
- It must be
- The 2nd argument is
y(Optional/Required-Type:str):- It's the zero or more characters replacing
x. - It mustn't be set if
xisdict. - It must be set if
xisstr. - Don't use
y=.
- It's the zero or more characters replacing
- The 3rd argument is
z(Optional-Type:str):- It's the zero or more characters to delete.
- Don't use
z=.
- The length of
xandymust be the same. - The one or more characters of
zis prioritized for deletion rather than replacement.
*Memo for bytes.maketrans() and bytearray.maketrans():
- The 1st argument is
from(Required-Type:Bytes-like object):- It's the zero or more bytes replaced with
to. - Don't use
from=.
- It's the zero or more bytes replaced with
- The 2nd argument is
to(Required-Type:Bytes-like object):- It's the zero or more bytes replacing
from. - Don't use
to=.
- It's the zero or more bytes replacing
- The length of
fromandtomust be the same.
<String>:
<maketrans() with one argument>:
table1 = str.maketrans({ 'a': 'x', 'b': 'y', 'c': 'z', '1':'one', '2':'two', '3':'three', ' ': ' ', 'd': '', 'e': '', 'f': '', 'g': '', 'h': '' }) # The below is equivalent to the above. table2 = str.maketrans({ 97: 120, # 97('a') & 120('x') 98: 121, # 98('b') & 121('y') 99: 122, # 99('c') & 122('z') 49: 'one', # 49('1') 50: 'two', # 50('2') 51: 'three', # 51('3') 32: ' ', # 32(' ') 100: None, # 100('d') 101: None, # 101('e') 102: None, # 102('f') 103: None, # 103('g') 104: None # 104('h') }) print(table1) # {97: 'x', 98: 'y', 99: 'z', 49: 'one', 50: 'two', 51: 'three', # 32: ' ', 100: '', 101: '', 102: '', 103: '', 104: ''} print(table2) # {97: 120, 98: 121, 99: 122, 49: 'one', 50: 'two', 51: 'three', # 32: ' ', 100: None, 101: None, 102: None, 103: None, 104: None} table = str.maketrans({ 'abc': '', '': 'abc' }) # ValueError: string keys in translate table must be of length 1 <maketrans() with two arguments>:
table1 = str.maketrans('abc', 'xyz') table2 = str.maketrans('', '') print(table1) # {97: 120, 98: 121, 99: 122} print(table2) # {} table1 = str.maketrans('abc', 'x') table2 = str.maketrans('x', 'abc') # ValueError: the first two maketrans arguments must have equal length <maketrans() with three arguments>:
table1 = str.maketrans('abc', 'xyz', 'defgh') table2 = str.maketrans('', '', '') print(table1) # {97: 120, 98: 121, 99: 122, 100: None, # 101: None, 102: None, 103: None, 104: None} print(table2) # {} table1 = str.maketrans('abc', 'x', 'defgh') table2 = str.maketrans('x', 'abc', 'defgh') # ValueError: the first two maketrans arguments must have equal length <Bytes & Bytearray>:
table1 = bytes.maketrans(b'abc', b'xyz') table1 = bytes.maketrans(bytearray(b'abc'), bytearray(b'xyz')) table1 = bytearray.maketrans(b'abc', b'xyz') table1 = bytearray.maketrans(bytearray(b'abc'), bytearray(b'xyz')) table2 = bytes.maketrans(b'', b'') table2 = bytes.maketrans(bytearray(b''), bytearray(b'')) table2 = bytearray.maketrans(b'', b'') table2 = bytearray.maketrans(bytearray(b''), bytearray(b'')) print(table1) # b'\x00\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x06\x07\x08\t\n\x0b\x0c\r\x0e\x0f\x10\x11 # \x12\x13\x14\x15\x16\x17\x18\x19\x1a\x1b\x1c\x1d\x1e\x1f !"#$%&\'()* # +,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\\]^_`xyzdefghijklm # nopqrstuvwxyz{|}~\x7f\x80\x81\x82\x83\x84\x85\x86\x87\x88\x89\x8a\x8b # \x8c\x8d\x8e\x8f\x90\x91\x92\x93\x94\x95\x96\x97\x98\x99\x9a\x9b\x9c # \x9d\x9e\x9f\xa0\xa1\xa2\xa3\xa4\xa5\xa6\xa7\xa8\xa9\xaa\xab\xac\xad # \xae\xaf\xb0\xb1\xb2\xb3\xb4\xb5\xb6\xb7\xb8\xb9\xba\xbb\xbc\xbd\xbe # \xbf\xc0\xc1\xc2\xc3\xc4\xc5\xc6\xc7\xc8\xc9\xca\xcb\xcc\xcd\xce\xcf # \xd0\xd1\xd2\xd3\xd4\xd5\xd6\xd7\xd8\xd9\xda\xdb\xdc\xdd\xde\xdf\xe0 # \xe1\xe2\xe3\xe4\xe5\xe6\xe7\xe8\xe9\xea\xeb\xec\xed\xee\xef\xf0\xf1 # \xf2\xf3\xf4\xf5\xf6\xf7\xf8\xf9\xfa\xfb\xfc\xfd\xfe\xff' print(table2) # b'\x00\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x06\x07\x08\t\n\x0b\x0c\r\x0e\x0f\x10\x11 # \x12\x13\x14\x15\x16\x17\x18\x19\x1a\x1b\x1c\x1d\x1e\x1f !"#$%&\'()* # +,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\\]^_`abcdefghijklm # nopqrstuvwxyz{|}~\x7f\x80\x81\x82\x83\x84\x85\x86\x87\x88\x89\x8a\x8b # \x8c\x8d\x8e\x8f\x90\x91\x92\x93\x94\x95\x96\x97\x98\x99\x9a\x9b\x9c # \x9d\x9e\x9f\xa0\xa1\xa2\xa3\xa4\xa5\xa6\xa7\xa8\xa9\xaa\xab\xac\xad # \xae\xaf\xb0\xb1\xb2\xb3\xb4\xb5\xb6\xb7\xb8\xb9\xba\xbb\xbc\xbd\xbe # \xbf\xc0\xc1\xc2\xc3\xc4\xc5\xc6\xc7\xc8\xc9\xca\xcb\xcc\xcd\xce\xcf # \xd0\xd1\xd2\xd3\xd4\xd5\xd6\xd7\xd8\xd9\xda\xdb\xdc\xdd\xde\xdf\xe0 # \xe1\xe2\xe3\xe4\xe5\xe6\xe7\xe8\xe9\xea\xeb\xec\xed\xee\xef\xf0\xf1 # \xf2\xf3\xf4\xf5\xf6\xf7\xf8\xf9\xfa\xfb\xfc\xfd\xfe\xff' table1 = bytes.maketrans(b'abc', b'x') table1 = bytes.maketrans(bytearray(b'abc'), bytearray(b'x')) table1 = bytearray.maketrans(b'abc', b'x') table1 = bytearray.maketrans(bytearray(b'abc'), bytearray(b'x')) table2 = bytes.maketrans(b'x', b'abc') table2 = bytes.maketrans(bytearray(b'x'), bytearray(b'abc')) table2 = bytearray.maketrans(b'x', b'abc') table2 = bytearray.maketrans(bytearray(b'x'), bytearray(b'abc')) # ValueError: maketrans arguments must have same length 
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