2025年中国外贸面临的四大关键问题与机遇
2024年全球经济在多重不确定性中艰难前行，而中国外贸却实现了逆势增长。根据海关数据，2024年前11个月，我国货物贸易进出口总值达39.79万亿元人民币，同比增长4.9%。其中出口23.04万亿元，增长6.7%；进口16.75万亿元，增长2.4%。
In 2024, the global economy struggled to move forward amid multiple uncertainties, while China's foreign trade achieved counter-trend growth. According to customs data, in the first 11 months of 2024, China's total import and export value of goods trade reached 39.79 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 4.9%. Exports were 23.04 trillion yuan, up 6.7%; imports were 16.75 trillion yuan, up 2.4%.
在复杂多变的外贸形势下，中国外贸企业面临四大核心问题：
1. 市场选择：新兴市场还是发达国家？
外贸商家刘利杰认为："发达国家和新兴国家市场体制不同，前者更容易把你看作潜在对手，后者更会把你当做发展帮手。"她的团队用一年半时间将出口额做到7.5亿元，印证了新兴市场的潜力。
In the complex and changing foreign trade situation, Chinese foreign trade enterprises face four core issues:
1. Market choice: Emerging markets or developed countries?
Foreign trade merchant Liu Lijie believes: "Developed and emerging countries have different market systems, the former is more likely to see you as a potential competitor, while the latter will treat you as a development partner." Her team achieved export sales of 750 million yuan in just one and a half years, proving the potential of emerging markets.
2. 发展路径：深耕细分领域还是横向拓展？
上海翎墨文具CEO李均指出："用价格竞争容易，用品质挖掘深入赛道才困难。当我们拥有足够的专精技术时才能筑起产品的护城河。"
2. Development path: Deep cultivation in niche areas or horizontal expansion?
Shanghai Lingmo Stationery CEO Li Jun pointed out: "Competing on price is easy, but developing deep expertise in quality is difficult. Only when we have sufficient specialized technology can we build a moat for our products."
3. 技术应用：AI对初创企业还是成熟企业更有用？
95后CEO刘世奇认为："AI让初创企业走一步看三步，就像有了仙人指路。"而成熟企业代表陈瑶则强调："谁有更成熟的数据，谁才能获得AI运用的先机。"
3. Technology application: Is AI more useful for startups or mature enterprises?
Post-95 CEO Liu Shiqi believes: "AI allows startups to see three steps ahead with each move, like having a fairy pointing the way." While mature enterprise representative Chen Yao emphasized: "Those with more mature data will gain the first-mover advantage in AI applications."
4. 代际传承：创一代还是创二代的含金量更高？
创二代张卓田感慨："最难的是创一代太成功。要转型就要用比过去所有人生都更大的力气去认识上一辈。"而创一代邓超霞则说："创业不仅仅是生意，更是人与人之间的羁绊和信任。"
4. Intergenerational succession: Which is more valuable - first-generation or second-generation entrepreneurs?
Second-generation entrepreneur Zhang Zhuotian lamented: "The hardest part is that the first generation was too successful. To transform requires more effort than all past lives to understand the previous generation." While first-generation entrepreneur Deng Chaoxia said: "Entrepreneurship is not just business, but also the bonds and trust between people."
中国外贸已经从1.0阶段的商品代工出口，进化到3.0阶段的出口整个供应链体系、品牌和文化理念。面对不确定的未来，中国企业家展现出的创新精神和适应能力，将成为推动外贸持续增长的核心动力。
China's foreign trade has evolved from the 1.0 stage of commodity OEM exports to the 3.0 stage of exporting entire supply chain systems, brands and cultural concepts. Facing an uncertain future, the innovative spirit and adaptability demonstrated by Chinese entrepreneurs will become the core driving force for sustained foreign trade growth.
