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如何使用springboot打包成zip部署并实现停机

发布时间:2021-08-22 11:10:31 来源:亿速云 阅读:472 作者:小新 栏目:开发技术

这篇文章将为大家详细讲解有关如何使用springboot打包成zip部署并实现停机,小编觉得挺实用的,因此分享给大家做个参考,希望大家阅读完这篇文章后可以有所收获。

众所周知springboot项目,使用springboot插件打包的话,会打包成一个包含依赖的可执行jar,非常方便。只要有java运行环境的电脑上,运行java -jar xxx.jar就可以直接运行项目。

但是这样的缺点也很明显,如果我要改个配置,要将jar包中的配置文件取出来,修改完再放回去。这样做在windows下还比较容易。如果在linux上面就很费劲了。

另外如果代码中需要读取一些文件(比如说一张图片),也被打进jar中,就没办法像在磁盘中时一句File file = new File(path)代码就可以读取了。(当然这个可以使用spring的ClassPathResource来解决)。

还有很多公司项目上线后,都是增量发布,这样如果只有一个jar 的话,增量发布也是很麻烦的事情。虽然我是很讨厌这种增量发布的方式,因为会造成线上生产环境和开发环境有很多不一致的地方,这样在找问题的时候会走很多弯路。很不幸我现在在的项目也是这样的情况,而且最近接的任务就是用springboot搭建一个定时任务服务,为了维护方便,最后决定将项目打包成zip进行部署。

网上找到了很多springboot打包成zip的文章,不过基本都是将依赖从springboot的jar中拿出来放到lib目录中,再将项目的jar包中META-INF中指定lib到classpath中。这样做还是会有上面的问题。

最后我决定自己通过maven-assembly-plugin来实现这个功能。

打包

首先maven-assembly-plugin是将项目打包的一个插件。可以通过指定配置文件来决定打包的具体要求。

我的想法是将class打包到classes中,配置文件打包到conf中,项目依赖打包到lib中,当然还有自己编写的启动脚本在bin目录中。

如图

如何使用springboot打包成zip部署并实现停机

maven的target/classes下就是项目编译好的代码和配置文件。原来的做法是在assembly.xml中配置筛选,将该目录下class文件打包进classes中,除class文件打包到conf中(bin目录文件打包进bin目录,项目依赖打包进lib目录)。结果发现conf目录下会有空文件夹(java包路径)。

pom.xml

<plugin>     <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>     <configuration>         <appendAssemblyId>false</appendAssemblyId>         <descriptors>             <descriptor>assembly/assembly.xml</descriptor>         </descriptors>     </configuration>     <executions>         <execution>             <id>make-assembly</id>             <phase>package</phase>             <goals>                 <goal>single</goal>             </goals>         </execution>     </executions> </plugin>

assembly.xml

<assembly         xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.2"         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.2 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-1.1.2.xsd">     <id>package</id>     <formats>         <format>zip</format>     </formats>     <includeBaseDirectory>true</includeBaseDirectory>     <dependencySets>         <dependencySet>             <useProjectArtifact>true</useProjectArtifact>             <outputDirectory>lib</outputDirectory>             <excludes>                 <exclude>                     ${groupId}:${artifactId}                 </exclude>             </excludes>         </dependencySet>     </dependencySets>     <fileSets>         <fileSet>             <directory>bin</directory>             <outputDirectory>/bin</outputDirectory>             <fileMode>777</fileMode>         </fileSet>         <fileSet>             <directory>${project.build.directory}/conf</directory>             <outputDirectory>/conf</outputDirectory>             <excludes>                 <exclude>**/*.class</exclude>                 <exclude>META-INF/*</exclude>             </excludes>         </fileSet>         <fileSet>             <directory>${project.build.directory}/classes</directory>             <outputDirectory>/classes</outputDirectory>             <includes>                 <include>**/*.class</include>                 <include>META-INF/*</include>             </includes>         </fileSet>     </fileSets> </assembly>

其实这样是不影响项目运行的,但是我看着很难受,尝试了很多方法去修改配置来达到不打包空文件夹的效果。但是都没成功。

然后我换了个方式,通过maven-resources-plugin插件将配置文件在编译的时候就复制一份到target/conf目录下,打包的时候配置文件从conf目录中取。这样就可以避免打包空白文件夹到conf目录中的情况。

pom.xml

<build>     <plugins>         <plugin>             <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>             <executions>                 <execution>                     <id>compile-resources</id>                     <goals>                         <goal>resources</goal>                     </goals>                     <configuration>                         <encoding>utf-8</encoding>                         <useDefaultDelimiters>true</useDefaultDelimiters>                         <resources>                             <resource>                                 <directory>src/main/resources/</directory>                                 <filtering>true</filtering>                                 <includes><!--只对yml文件进行替换-->                                     <include>*.yml</include>                                 </includes>                             </resource>                             <resource>                                 <directory>src/main/resources/</directory>                                 <filtering>false</filtering>                             </resource>                         </resources>                     </configuration>                 </execution>                 <execution>                     <id>-resources</id>                     <goals>                         <goal>resources</goal>                     </goals>                     <configuration>                         <encoding>utf-8</encoding>                         <useDefaultDelimiters>true</useDefaultDelimiters>                         <resources>                             <resource>                                 <directory>src/main/resources/</directory>                                 <filtering>true</filtering>                                 <includes><!--只对yml文件进行替换-->                                     <include>*.yml</include>                                 </includes>                             </resource>                             <resource>                                 <directory>src/main/resources/</directory>                                 <filtering>false</filtering>                             </resource>                         </resources>                         <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/conf</outputDirectory>                     </configuration>                 </execution>             </executions>         </plugin>         <!-- springboot maven打包-->         <plugin>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>         </plugin>         <plugin>             <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>             <configuration>                 <appendAssemblyId>false</appendAssemblyId>                 <descriptors>                     <descriptor>assembly/assembly.xml</descriptor>                 </descriptors>             </configuration>             <executions>                 <execution>                     <id>make-assembly</id>                     <phase>package</phase>                     <goals>                         <goal>single</goal>                     </goals>                 </execution>             </executions>         </plugin>     </plugins> </build>

assembly.xml

<assembly         xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.2"         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.2 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-1.1.2.xsd">     <id>package</id>     <formats>         <format>zip</format>         <format>tar.gz</format>     </formats>     <includeBaseDirectory>true</includeBaseDirectory>     <dependencySets>         <dependencySet>             <useProjectArtifact>true</useProjectArtifact>             <outputDirectory>lib</outputDirectory>             <excludes>                 <exclude>                     ${groupId}:${artifactId}                 </exclude>             </excludes>         </dependencySet>     </dependencySets>     <fileSets>         <fileSet>             <directory>bin</directory>             <outputDirectory>/bin</outputDirectory>             <fileMode>777</fileMode>         </fileSet>         <fileSet>             <directory>${project.build.directory}/conf</directory>             <outputDirectory>/conf</outputDirectory>         </fileSet>         <fileSet>             <directory>${project.build.directory}/classes</directory>             <outputDirectory>/classes</outputDirectory>             <includes>                 <include>**/*.class</include>                 <include>META-INF/*</include>             </includes>         </fileSet>     </fileSets> </assembly>

pom文件中resources插件配置了2个execution,一个是正常往classes中写配置文件的execution,一个是往conf写配置文件的execution。这样做的好处是不影响maven本身的打包逻辑。如果再配置一个springboot的打包插件,也可以正常打包,执行。

执行

原来打包成jar后,只要一句java -jar xxx.jar就可以启动项目。现在为多个文件夹的情况下,就要手动指定环境,通过java -classpath XXX xxx.xxx.MainClass来启动项目,所以写了启动脚本。

run.sh

#!/bin/bash  #Java程序所在的目录(classes的上一级目录)  APP_HOME=.. #需要启动的Java主程序(main方法类)  APP_MAIN_CLASS="io.github.loanon.springboot.MainApplication" #拼凑完整的classpath参数,包括指定lib目录下所有的jar  CLASSPATH="$APP_HOME/conf:$APP_HOME/lib/*:$APP_HOME/classes" s_pid=0 checkPid() {    java_ps=`jps -l | grep $APP_MAIN_CLASS`    if [ -n "$java_ps" ]; then       s_pid=`echo $java_ps | awk '{print $1}'`    else        s_pid=0    fi  }  start() {  checkPid if [ $s_pid -ne 0 ]; then     echo "================================================================"     echo "warn: $APP_MAIN_CLASS already started! (pid=$s_pid)"     echo "================================================================" else     echo -n "Starting $APP_MAIN_CLASS ..."     nohup java -classpath $CLASSPATH $APP_MAIN_CLASS >./st.out 2>&1 &     checkPid     if [ $s_pid -ne 0 ]; then         echo "(pid=$s_pid) [OK]"     else         echo "[Failed]"     fi fi  } echo "start project......" start run.cmd @echo off set APP_HOME=.. set CLASS_PATH=%APP_HOME%/lib/*;%APP_HOME%/classes;%APP_HOME%/conf; set APP_MAIN_CLASS=io.github.loanon.springboot.MainApplication java -classpath %CLASS_PATH% %APP_MAIN_CLASS%

这样就可以启动项目了。

停止

linux下停止tomcat一般怎么做?当然是通过运行shutdown.sh。这样做有什么好处呢?可以优雅停机。何为优雅停机?简单点说就是让代码把做了一半工作的做完,还没做的(新的任务,请求)就不要做了,然后停机。

因为做的是定时任务处理数据的功能。试想下如果一个任务做了一半,我给停了,这个任务处理的数据被我标记了在处理中,下次重启后,就不再处理,那么这些数据就一直不会再被处理。所以需要像tomcat一样能优雅停机。

网上查询springboot优雅停机相关资料。主要是使用spring-boot-starter-actuator,不过很多人说这个在1.X的springboot中可以用,springboot 2.X不能用,需要自己写相关代码来支持,亲测springboot 2.0.4.RELEASE可以用。pom文件中引入相关依赖。

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>     <parent>         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>         <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>         <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->     </parent>     <groupId>io.github.loanon</groupId>     <artifactId>spring-boot-zip</artifactId>     <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>     <properties>         <java.version>1.8</java.version>         <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>         <maven.compiler.encoding>UTF-8</maven.compiler.encoding>         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>         <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>         <maven.compiler.source>${java.version}</maven.compiler.source>         <maven.compiler.target>${java.version}</maven.compiler.target>     </properties>     <dependencies>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>         </dependency>         <!-- springboot监控 -->         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>         </dependency>         <!--springboot自定义配置-->         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure-processor</artifactId>         </dependency>         <!--定时任务-->         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactId>         </dependency>         <!--发送http请求 -->         <dependency>             <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>             <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>             <artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>         </dependency>     </dependencies>     <build>         <plugins>             <plugin>                 <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>                 <executions>                     <execution>                         <id>compile-resources</id>                         <goals>                             <goal>resources</goal>                         </goals>                         <configuration>                             <encoding>utf-8</encoding>                             <useDefaultDelimiters>true</useDefaultDelimiters>                             <resources>                                 <resource>                                     <directory>src/main/resources/</directory>                                     <filtering>true</filtering>                                     <includes><!--只对yml文件进行替换-->                                         <include>*.yml</include>                                     </includes>                                 </resource>                                 <resource>                                     <directory>src/main/resources/</directory>                                     <filtering>false</filtering>                                 </resource>                             </resources>                         </configuration>                     </execution>                     <execution>                         <id>-resources</id>                         <goals>                             <goal>resources</goal>                         </goals>                         <configuration>                             <encoding>utf-8</encoding>                             <useDefaultDelimiters>true</useDefaultDelimiters>                             <resources>                                 <resource>                                     <directory>src/main/resources/</directory>                                     <filtering>true</filtering>                                     <includes><!--只对yml文件进行替换-->                                         <include>*.yml</include>                                     </includes>                                 </resource>                                 <resource>                                     <directory>src/main/resources/</directory>                                     <filtering>false</filtering>                                 </resource>                             </resources>                             <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/conf</outputDirectory>                         </configuration>                     </execution>                 </executions>             </plugin>             <!-- springboot maven打包-->             <plugin>                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>                 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>             </plugin>             <plugin>                 <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>                 <configuration>                     <appendAssemblyId>false</appendAssemblyId>                     <descriptors>                         <descriptor>assembly/assembly.xml</descriptor>                     </descriptors>                 </configuration>                 <executions>                     <execution>                         <id>make-assembly</id>                         <phase>package</phase>                         <goals>                             <goal>single</goal>                         </goals>                     </execution>                 </executions>             </plugin>         </plugins>     </build> </project>

在application.yml中配置一下

application.yml

management: #开启监控管理,优雅停机   server:     ssl:       enabled: false   endpoints:     web:       exposure:         include: "*"   endpoint:     health:       show-details: always     shutdown:       enabled: true #启用shutdown端点

启动项目,可以通过POST方式访问/actuator/shutdown让项目停机。

实际线上可能没办法方便的发送POST请求,所以写个类处理下

Shutdown.java

package io.github.loanon.springboot; import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients; import java.io.IOException; /**  * 应用关闭入口  * @author dingzg  */ public class Shutdown {     public static void main(String[] args) {         String url = null;         if (args.length > 0) {             url = args[0];         } else {             return;         }         HttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();         HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);         try {             httpClient.execute(httpPost);         } catch (IOException e) {             e.printStackTrace();         }     } }

只要将启动脚本中的启动类改成Shutdown类,并指定请求的地址即可。

stop.sh

#!/bin/bash #Java程序所在的目录(classes的上一级目录) APP_HOME=.. #需要启动的Java主程序(main方法类) APP_MAIN_CLASS="io.github.loanon.springboot.MainApplication" SHUTDOWN_CLASS="io.github.loanon.springboot.Shutdown" #拼凑完整的classpath参数,包括指定lib目录下所有的jar CLASSPATH="$APP_HOME/conf:$APP_HOME/lib/*:$APP_HOME/classes" ARGS="http://127.0.0.1:8080/actuator/shutdown" s_pid=0 checkPid() {    java_ps=`jps -l | grep $APP_MAIN_CLASS`    if [ -n "$java_ps" ]; then       s_pid=`echo $java_ps | awk '{print $1}'`    else       s_pid=0    fi } stop() { checkPid if [ $s_pid -ne 0 ]; then     echo -n "Stopping $APP_MAIN_CLASS ...(pid=$s_pid) "     nohup java -classpath $CLASSPATH $SHUTDOWN_CLASS $ARGS >./shutdown.out 2>&1 &     if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then        echo "[OK]"     else        echo "[Failed]"     fi     sleep 3     checkPid     if [ $s_pid -ne 0 ]; then        stop     else        echo "$APP_MAIN_CLASS Stopped"     fi else     echo "================================================================"     echo "warn: $APP_MAIN_CLASS is not running"     echo "================================================================" fi } echo "stop project......" stop stop.cmd @echo off set APP_HOME=.. set CLASS_PATH=%APP_HOME%/lib/*;%APP_HOME%/classes;%APP_HOME%/conf; set SHUTDOWN_CLASS=io.github.loanon.springboot.Shutdown set ARGS=http://127.0.0.1:8080/actuator/shutdown java -classpath %CLASS_PATH% %SHUTDOWN_CLASS% %ARGS%

这样就可以通过脚本来启停项目。

其他

关于停机这块还是有缺点,主要是安全性。如果不加校验都可以访问接口,别人也就可以随便让我们的项目停机,实际操作过程中我是通过将web地址绑定到127.0.0.1这个地址上,不允许远程访问。当然也可添加spring-security做严格的权限控制,主要项目中没有用到web功能,只是spring-quartz的定时任务功能,所以就将地址绑定到本地才能访问。而且项目本身也是在内网运行,基本可以保证安全。

关于“如何使用springboot打包成zip部署并实现停机”这篇文章就分享到这里了,希望以上内容可以对大家有一定的帮助,使各位可以学到更多知识,如果觉得文章不错,请把它分享出去让更多的人看到。

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