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Maven的使用方法有哪些

发布时间:2021-06-26 09:04:06 来源:亿速云 阅读:195 作者:chen 栏目:开发技术

这篇文章主要讲解了“Maven的使用方法有哪些”,文中的讲解内容简单清晰,易于学习与理解,下面请大家跟着小编的思路慢慢深入,一起来研究和学习“Maven的使用方法有哪些”吧!

Maven使用说明及规范

此文档主要说明Maven的基础使用方式,以及在使用过程过程中需要遵守哪些默认的准则。

我们工作中会经常写maven的配置,但是很多maven使用细节你可能并不知道,但你掌握后使用maven会更加上手。

MAVEN是什么?

Apache Maven是一个软件项目管理工具。基于项目对象模型(POM)的概念,Maven可以通过一小段描述信息来管理项目的构建,报告和文档。

Maven的核心是一个插件执行框架, 所有工作都是通过插件完成的。

最熟悉的插件如我们比较常用的:

clean

compiler

install

deploy

除了这些默认流程的插件,我们针对Maven的工作机制也制作了自己的插件,如 授权系统抽取api.json文件的插件,如通过erm对象描述文件生成Entity实体的插件等。

基本使用

基础信息

定义pom模型的基本信息

使用Maven构建的项目,首先需要在pom.xml文件中写明基本信息,如:

<groupId>com.yudianbank.project</groupId> //组织ID     <artifactId>salesAppParent</artifactId>//工程名称     <packaging>pom</packaging>//打包方式,如:jar、war、pom、rar等     <version>1.0-RELEASES</version> //版本号

由groupId、artifactId、version三个元素定位唯一的jar信息,常说的发个Maven坐标也就是这三个元素

modules 节点,聚合子模块

在多模块的项目中使用,用来定义子模块,一般多模块项目中,父模块的packaging都定义为pom

<modules>         <module>api</module>         <module>producer</module>     </modules>

parent节点,继承其他pom模型的属性

如:在spring boot项目中,会有如下parent节点,用来继承spring boot已经定义好的pom

<parent>         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>         <version>1.5.7.RELEASE</version>         <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->     </parent>

properties 节点,定义属性信息

这个节点一般用于定义一些属性,用来作为插件的默认值。在这里定义的属性可以贯穿Maven build的整个生命周期,Maven属性是值占位符,可以在pom中通过${XXX}符号来使用

<properties>         <spring-cloud.version>Dalston.SR3</spring-cloud.version>         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>         <compiler.version>1.8</compiler.version>         <powermock.version>1.6.4</powermock.version>         <checkstyle.version>6.18</checkstyle.version>     </properties>

除了如上手动定义的一些属性,我们还可以通过如下的方式,访问到其他的一些变量,如:

  • env.X : 使用“env.”对变量进行前缀。将返回shell的环境变量。例如,$ {env.PATH}包含PATH环境变量。 注意:虽然环境变量本身在Windows上不区分大小写,但属性的查找区分大小写。换句话说,当Windows shell为%PATH%和%Path%返回相同的值时,Maven会区分$ {env.PATH}和$ {env.Path}。从Maven 2.1.0开始,为了可靠性,环境变量的名称被归一化为所有大写。

  • project.x : POM中的标记路径将包含相应元素的值。例如:<project> <version> 1.0 </ version> </ project>可通过$ {project.version}访问。

  • settings.x : Mavne Home路径的settings.xml将包含相应的元素的值。例如:<settings> <offline> false </ offline> </ settings>可通过$ {settings.offline}访问。

  • Java系统属性 : 通过java.lang.System.getProperties()访问的所有属性都可用作POM属性,例如${java.home}。

dependencies 节点,定义项目依赖

<dependencies>             <dependency>                 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>                 <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>                 <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>             </dependency>         </dependencies>

除了基本的groupId、artifactId、version坐标属性外,dependency节点中还包括如下的常用属性设置

  • type : 依赖的类型,默认是jar

  • classifier : 分类器,额外的jar坐标标记,用来依赖那些从同一个POM中打出的不同的jar包。

  • scope : 依赖的jar的作用范围,可选(compile,runtime,test,system,provided)

  • compile : 这是默认范围。所有类路径中都提供了编译依赖项。此外,这些依赖项将传播到依赖项目

  • runtime : 这很像compile,但表示您希望JDK或容器在运行时提供它。它仅在编译和测试类路径中可用,并且不可传递。

  • test : 此范围表示正常使用应用程序不需要依赖项,并且仅适用于测试编译和执行阶段。它不是传递性的。

  • provided :这很像compile,但表示您希望JDK或容器在运行时提供它。它仅在编译和测试类路径中可用,并且不可传递。

  • system :此范围与provided的类似,只是您必须提供明确包含它的JAR,声明后不会在存储库中查找

  • Systempath:当scope为system生效,用于定义本地依赖的路径

  • optional :是否启用依赖传递,默认false需要依赖传递。如A依赖B,B依赖C,默认情况下A中会有C的依赖,如果在依赖B时设置optional为true,则A中不会有C的依赖

  • exclusions :排除依赖传递

dependencies -> exclusions 节点,排除依赖传递

有时候为了解决项目依赖冲突,需要排除依赖的jar包通过Maven依赖传递特性引用的其他jar,如:

<dependency>             <groupId>com.yudianbank.public</groupId>             <artifactId>pdf</artifactId>             <version>1.1-RELEASES</version>             <exclusions>                 <exclusion>                     <groupId>commons-pool</groupId>                     <artifactId>commons-pool</artifactId>                 </exclusion>             </exclusions>         </dependency>

关于Maven依赖传递特性,当出现多个jar依赖相同的不同版本jar时,遵循两个原则来引用:

  • 最短路径原则:如A->B->C-D1 , A->B1->D2 , 那么最终项目A依赖的D的版本是D2。

  • 最先定义原则: 如A->B->D1 , A->C->D2 , 那么最终项目A雨来的D的版本是D1.

dependencyManagement 节点,声明依赖项

dependencyManagement用来管理声明依赖项,最常见于spring boot项目中,在依赖节点只需要写groupId、artifactId就可以定位一个jar坐标,是因为spring boot的父pom中使用dependencyManagement声明了常用的依赖项,如:

<dependencyManagement>   <dependencies>    <!-- Spring Boot -->    <dependency>     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>     <artifactId>spring-boot</artifactId>     <version>1.5.7.RELEASE</version>    </dependency>    .......   </dependencies>    </dependencyManagement>

使用dependencyManagement管理的依赖只是声明了,如果没有显示的定义在< dependencies >节点中是不生效的

profiles -> profile 节点,定义不同环境的构建属性

在软件项目迭代中,通常会有开发、测试、生产等不同的运行环境。很多时候不同的环境需要不同的依赖属性,诸如此场景,都可以使用profiles来定义不同环境下的变量,如:

<profiles>         <profile>             <id>dev</id>             <activation>                 <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>             </activation>             <properties>                 <!--销售平台 api版本-->                 <sales.api.version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</sales.api.version>                 <!--本地日志存储地址-->                 <logging.path>${basedir}/target/logs</logging.path>             </properties>         </profile>         <profile>             <id>uat</id>             <properties>                 <sales.api.version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</sales.api.version>                 <logging.path>/data/logs/${appName}</logging.path>             </properties>         </profile>         <profile>             <id>prod</id>             <properties>                 <sales.api.version>1.0-RELEASES</sales.api.version>                 <logging.path>/data/logs/${appName}</logging.path>             </properties>         </profile>        </profiles>

repositories、pluginRepositories 节点,定义依赖和插件的仓库地址

这里可以定义jar拉取的仓库地址,除了Apache中央仓库外,还有很多其他的开源仓库,如spring的,

<repositories>     <repository>       <id>central</id>       <name>Central Repository</name>       <url>http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2</url>       <layout>default</layout>       <snapshots>         <enabled>false</enabled>       </snapshots>     </repository>   </repositories>     <pluginRepositories>     <pluginRepository>       <id>central</id>       <name>Central Repository</name>       <url>http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2</url>       <layout>default</layout>       <snapshots>         <enabled>false</enabled>       </snapshots>       <releases>         <updatePolicy>never</updatePolicy>       </releases>     </pluginRepository>   </pluginRepositories>

构建信息

build 节点,设置输入输出路径

为什么在使用Maven构建的项目中,项目编译后会在pom所在目录下生成target目录?是因为在build构建节点中有如下的默认的配置。

当然,如果你显示配置了如下的属性,就可以指定编译后文件的输出目录

<build>     <sourceDirectory>${basedir}/src/main/java</sourceDirectory>     <scriptSourceDirectory>${basedir}/src/main/scripts</scriptSourceDirectory>     <testSourceDirectory>${basedir}/src/test/java</testSourceDirectory>     <outputDirectory>${basedir}/target/classes</outputDirectory>     <testOutputDirectory>${basedir}/target/test-classes</testOutputDirectory>     ...   </build>

build -> resources,定义项目资源

resources用来定义项目的资源路径,默认的路径为${basedir}/src/main/resources,在spring boot环境中,继承了spring boot的父pom属性,它的resources定义如下:

<resources>    <resource>     <directory>${basedir}/src/main/resources</directory>     <filtering>true</filtering>     <includes>      <include>**/application*.yml</include>      <include>**/application*.yaml</include>      <include>**/application*.properties</include>     </includes>    </resource>    <resource>     <directory>${basedir}/src/main/resources</directory>     <excludes>      <exclude>**/application*.yml</exclude>      <exclude>**/application*.yaml</exclude>      <exclude>**/application*.properties</exclude>     </excludes>    </resource>   </resources>

可以看到,spring boot中只定义了三种文件类型的资源,而且通配application开头的文件。

当项目中有其他的文件类型或不是application开头时,Maven就会过滤掉。

而且在spring boot中定义了属性占位符为@符号,所以在资源文件中使用${}时并不会生效。

为了解决这个问题,可以自己在pom中定义resources属性覆盖父pom的行为:如,

<resources>             <resource>                 <directory>src/main/resources</directory>                 <includes>                     <include>**/*</include>                 </includes>                 <filtering>true</filtering>             </resource>         </resources>

build -> plugins -> plugin,定义构建插件

plugin这个节点主要用来定义构建的插件,包括自定义和已经发布到中央仓库的。如spring boot环境想构建可执行的jar需要添加spring-boot-maven-plugin插件。

<plugins>             <!扫描url-->             <plugin>                 <groupId>com.yudianbank.plugin</groupId>                 <artifactId>api-abstractor</artifactId>                 <version>1.1.1-RELEASE</version>                 <executions>                     <execution>                         <phase>process-classes</phase>                         <goals>                             <goal>createAbstract</goal>                         </goals>                     </execution>                 </executions>             </plugin>             <plugin>                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>                 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>             </plugin>         </plugins>

更多可用的插件:http://maven.apache.org/plugins/index.html

distributionManagement 节点,配置deploy的仓库地址

当我们自己搭建了私服,想要将jar包编译后上传到私服时,需要在这个节点配置仓库的地址,如:

<distributionManagement>         <repository>             <id>repo</id>             <name>User Project Releases</name>             <url>http://192.168.1.204:8081/nexus/content/repositories/releases</url>         </repository>         <snapshotRepository>             <id>repo</id>             <name>User Project SNAPSHOTS</name>             <url>http://192.168.1.204:8081/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots</url>         </snapshotRepository>     </distributionManagement>

项目信息

根节点下的name、description、url等节点

根节点下的name、description、url等节点用来描述项目的基本信息,如:

<name>sales</name>       <description>这是一个销售系统</description>       <url>http://www.kailing.pub</url>

Licenses节点,描述许可证信息

<licenses>   <license>     <name>Apache License, Version 2.0</name>     <url>https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt</url>     <distribution>repo</distribution>     <comments>A business-friendly OSS license</comments>   </license> </licenses>

Organization节点,描述组织信息

<organization>     <name>keking</name>     <url>http://www.keking.cn</url>   </organization>

省略....

遵守的准则规范

MAVEN坐标VERSION属性设置

一般建议在开发和测试环境中的jar,打成SNAPSHOT的,生产环境的版本打成RELEASES的,这个可以通过上面的profiles节点来控制,他们的区别如下:

  • SNAPSHOT :当版本号带'-SNAPSHOT'后缀时,既定义发布的jar为快照版本,应用在依赖时,总是会拉取最新的快照版本。

  • RELEASES :当版本号带'-RELEASES'后缀时,既定义发布的jar为发行版,应用依赖时,首次会从远程仓库拉取,当本地仓库已有时,就不会从远程仓库拉最新的依赖了。RELEASES版本的每次更新必须指定版本号。

开发中的API模块,需要DEPLOY

应用有些模块需要提供给别人依赖,比如api模块、common模块等。在开发时,每次接口有变动时,记得mvn deploy下,把jar上传到私服。

依赖的JAR的版本使用属性控制

建议依赖别的jar时,不要写死jar的版本,通过properties节点定义的属性来控制,那么当你pom被别人依赖时,上层pom可以通过定义属性值覆盖父pom中属性来控制依赖的版本

多模块项目时,模块命名规范

在多模块时,子模块的命名建议使用父模块作为前缀,如sales系统,api模块为sales-api,app模块为sales-app

附录,INCUBATOR-SKYWALKING的MAVEN配置,提供参考

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>     <groupId>org.apache.skywalking</groupId>     <artifactId>apm</artifactId>     <version>6.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>     <parent>         <groupId>org.apache</groupId>         <artifactId>apache</artifactId>         <version>21</version>     </parent>     <modules>         <module>oap-server</module>         <module>apm-commons</module>         <module>apm-sniffer</module>         <module>apm-application-toolkit</module>         <module>apm-protocol</module>         <module>apm-webapp</module>         <module>apm-dist</module>         <module>apm-checkstyle</module>     </modules>     <packaging>pom</packaging>     <name>apm</name>     <url>https://github.com/apache/incubator-skywalking</url>     <scm>         <url>https://github.com/apache/incubator-skywalking</url>         <connection>scm:git:https://github.com/apache/incubator-skywalking.git</connection>         <developerConnection>scm:git:https://github.com/apache/incubator-skywalking.git</developerConnection>         <tag>HEAD</tag>     </scm>     <issueManagement>         <system>GitHub</system>         <url>https://github.com/apache/incubator-skywalking/issues</url>     </issueManagement>     <licenses>         <license>             <name>The Apache Software License, Version 2.0</name>             <url>http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt</url>         </license>     </licenses>     <mailingLists>         <mailingList>             <name>SkyWalking Developer List</name>             <post>dev@skywalking.incubator.apache.org</post>             <subscribe>dev-subscribe@skywalking.incubator.apache.org</subscribe>             <unsubscribe>dev-unsubscribe@skywalking.incubator.apache.org</unsubscribe>         </mailingList>         <mailingList>             <name>SkyWalking Commits</name>             <post>commits@skywalking.incubator.apache.org</post>             <subscribe>commits-subscribe@skywalking.incubator.apache.org</subscribe>             <unsubscribe>commits-unsubscribe@skywalking.incubator.apache.org</unsubscribe>         </mailingList>     </mailingLists>     <properties>         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>         <compiler.version>1.8</compiler.version>         <powermock.version>1.6.4</powermock.version>         <checkstyle.version>6.18</checkstyle.version>         <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>         <mockito-all.version>1.10.19</mockito-all.version>         <!-- Plugin versions -->         <docker.plugin.version>0.4.13</docker.plugin.version>         <takari-maven-plugin.version>0.6.1</takari-maven-plugin.version>         <exec-maven-plugin.version>1.6.0</exec-maven-plugin.version>         <maven-antrun-plugin.version>1.8</maven-antrun-plugin.version>         <maven-deploy-plugin.version>2.8.2</maven-deploy-plugin.version>         <maven-assembly-plugin.version>3.1.0</maven-assembly-plugin.version>         <maven-failsafe-plugin.version>2.22.0</maven-failsafe-plugin.version>         <maven-surefire-plugin.version>2.22.0</maven-surefire-plugin.version>         <maven-jar-plugin.version>3.1.0</maven-jar-plugin.version>         <maven-shade-plugin.version>3.1.1</maven-shade-plugin.version>         <maven-enforcer-plugin.version>3.0.0-M2</maven-enforcer-plugin.version>         <apache-rat-plugin.version>0.12</apache-rat-plugin.version>         <maven-compiler-plugin.version>3.8.0</maven-compiler-plugin.version>         <maven-resource-plugin.version>3.1.0</maven-resource-plugin.version>         <maven-source-plugin.version>3.0.1</maven-source-plugin.version>         <versions-maven-plugin.version>2.5</versions-maven-plugin.version>         <coveralls-maven-plugin.version>4.3.0</coveralls-maven-plugin.version>         <maven-checkstyle-plugin.version>3.0.0</maven-checkstyle-plugin.version>         <jacoco-maven-plugin.version>0.8.3</jacoco-maven-plugin.version>     </properties>     <dependencies>         <dependency>             <groupId>junit</groupId>             <artifactId>junit</artifactId>             <scope>test</scope>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>             <artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>             <scope>test</scope>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>             <artifactId>powermock-module-junit4</artifactId>             <scope>test</scope>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>             <artifactId>powermock-api-mockito</artifactId>             <scope>test</scope>         </dependency>     </dependencies>     <dependencyManagement>         <dependencies>             <dependency>                 <groupId>junit</groupId>                 <artifactId>junit</artifactId>                 <version>${junit.version}</version>                 <scope>test</scope>             </dependency>             <dependency>                 <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>                 <artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>                 <version>${mockito-all.version}</version>                 <scope>test</scope>             </dependency>             <dependency>                 <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>                 <artifactId>powermock-module-junit4</artifactId>                 <version>${powermock.version}</version>                 <scope>test</scope>             </dependency>             <dependency>                 <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>                 <artifactId>powermock-api-mockito</artifactId>                 <version>${powermock.version}</version>                 <scope>test</scope>             </dependency>         </dependencies>     </dependencyManagement>     <build>         <pluginManagement>             <plugins>                 <plugin>                     <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>                     <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>                     <executions>                         <execution>                             <id>git submodule update</id>                             <phase>initialize</phase>                             <inherited>false</inherited>                             <configuration>                                 <executable>git</executable>                                 <arguments>                                     <argument>submodule</argument>                                     <argument>update</argument>                                     <argument>--init</argument>                                     <argument>--recursive</argument>                                 </arguments>                             </configuration>                             <goals>                                 <goal>exec</goal>                             </goals>                         </execution>                     </executions>                 </plugin>                 <!-- mvn -N io.takari:maven:wrapper -Dmaven=3.5.4 -->                 <plugin>                     <groupId>io.takari</groupId>                     <artifactId>maven</artifactId>                     <version>${takari-maven-plugin.version}</version>                 </plugin>                 <plugin>                     <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>                     <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>                     <version>${exec-maven-plugin.version}</version>                 </plugin>                 <plugin>                     <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>                     <version>${maven-antrun-plugin.version}</version>                 </plugin>                 <plugin>                     <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>                     <version>${maven-deploy-plugin.version}</version>                 </plugin>                 <plugin>                     <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>                     <version>${maven-assembly-plugin.version}</version>                 </plugin>                 <plugin>                     <artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>                     <version>${maven-failsafe-plugin.version}</version>                 </plugin>                 <plugin>                     <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>                     <version>${maven-surefire-plugin.version}</version>                 </plugin>                 <plugin>                     <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>                     <version>${maven-jar-plugin.version}</version>                 </plugin>                 <plugin>                     <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>                     <version>${maven-shade-plugin.version}</version>                 </plugin>             </plugins>         </pluginManagement>         <plugins>             <plugin>                 <artifactId>maven-enforcer-plugin</artifactId>                 <version>${maven-enforcer-plugin.version}</version>                 <executions>                     <execution>                         <id>enforce-java</id>                         <goals>                             <goal>enforce</goal>                         </goals>                         <configuration>                             <rules>                                 <requireJavaVersion>                                     <!-- Build has not yet been updated for Java 9+ -->                                     <version>[1.8,9)</version>                                 </requireJavaVersion>                             </rules>                         </configuration>                     </execution>                 </executions>             </plugin>             <plugin>                 <groupId>org.apache.rat</groupId>                 <artifactId>apache-rat-plugin</artifactId>                 <version>${apache-rat-plugin.version}</version>                 <configuration>                     <excludes>                         <exclude>**/target/**</exclude>                         <exclude>**/DISCLAIMER</exclude>                         <exclude>**/licenses/**</exclude>                         <exclude>**/ui-licenses/**</exclude>                         <exclude>**/codeStyle.xml</exclude>                         <!-- IDE files -->                         <exclude>**/*.iml</exclude>                         <exclude>**/.idea/**</exclude>                         <exclude>**/*.classpath</exclude>                         <exclude>**/.project</exclude>                         <exclude>**/.settings/**</exclude>                         <exclude>**/dependency-reduced-pom.xml</exclude>                         <!-- UI IDE configs -->                         <exclude>**/skywalking-ui/.editorconfig</exclude>                         <!-- UI Compiler configs -->                         <exclude>**/skywalking-ui/.webpackrc.js</exclude>                         <exclude>**/skywalking-ui/.roadhogrc.mock.js</exclude>                         <!-- UI Test configs -->                         <exclude>**/skywalking-ui/jest.config.js</exclude>                         <!-- UI style check files -->                         <exclude>**/skywalking-ui/.eslintrc.js</exclude>                         <exclude>**/skywalking-ui/.stylelintrc</exclude>                         <exclude>**/skywalking-ui/.prettierignore</exclude>                         <exclude>**/skywalking-ui/.prettierrc</exclude>                         <!-- UI icon files -->                         <exclude>**/skywalking-ui/public/font/iconfont/**</exclude>                         <!-- git files -->                         <exclude>**/.gitignore</exclude>                         <exclude>**/.gitmodules</exclude>                         <exclude>**/.git/**</exclude>                         <!-- CI files -->                         <exclude>**/.travis.yml</exclude>                         <!-- GitHub files -->                         <exclude>**/.github/**</exclude>                         <!-- document files -->                         <exclude>**/*.md</exclude>                         <excldue>**/*.MD</excldue>                         <exclude>**/*.txt</exclude>                         <exclude>**/docs/**</exclude>                         <!-- Test cases data in JSON format -->                         <exclude>**/src/test/resources/json/*.json</exclude>                         <!-- front end libary and generated files -->                         <exclude>**/skywalking-ui/node_modules/**</exclude>                         <exclude>**/skywalking-ui/node/**</exclude>                         <exclude>**/skywalking-ui/dist/**</exclude>                         <!-- web UI dependencies descriptions -->                         <exclude>skywalking-ui/package.json</exclude>                         <exclude>skywalking-ui/package-lock.json</exclude>                         <!-- Proto files of Istio, envoy, prometheus and gogoproto projects -->                         <exclude>**/src/main/proto/gogoproto/gogo.proto</exclude>                         <exclude>**/src/main/proto/envoy/**</exclude>                         <exclude>**/src/main/proto/google/protobuf/*.proto</exclude>                         <exclude>**/src/main/proto/prometheus/client_model/metrics.proto</exclude>                         <exclude>**/src/main/proto/validate/validate.proto</exclude>                         <!-- generated file from antlr -->                         <exclude>**/src/main/antlr4/org/apache/skywalking/oal/tool/grammar/OALLexer.tokens</exclude>                         <!-- Maven Wrapper generated files -->                         <exclude>.mvn/wrapper/maven-wrapper.properties</exclude>                     </excludes>                 </configuration>                 <executions>                     <execution>                         <phase>verify</phase>                         <goals>                             <goal>check</goal>                         </goals>                     </execution>                 </executions>             </plugin>             <plugin>                 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>                 <version>${maven-compiler-plugin.version}</version>                 <configuration>                     <source>${compiler.version}</source>                     <target>${compiler.version}</target>                     <encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>                 </configuration>             </plugin>             <plugin>                 <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>                 <version>${maven-resource-plugin.version}</version>                 <configuration>                     <encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>                 </configuration>             </plugin>             <plugin>                 <groupId>com.spotify</groupId>                 <artifactId>docker-maven-plugin</artifactId>                 <version>${docker.plugin.version}</version>                 <configuration>                     <skipDocker>true</skipDocker>                 </configuration>             </plugin>             <plugin>                 <!-- 源码插件 -->                 <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>                 <version>${maven-source-plugin.version}</version>                 <!-- 发布时自动将源码同时发布的配置 -->                 <executions>                     <execution>                         <id>attach-sources</id>                         <phase>none</phase>                         <goals>                             <goal>jar</goal>                         </goals>                     </execution>                 </executions>             </plugin>             <plugin>                 <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>                 <artifactId>versions-maven-plugin</artifactId>                 <version>${versions-maven-plugin.version}</version>             </plugin>             <plugin>                 <groupId>org.eluder.coveralls</groupId>                 <artifactId>coveralls-maven-plugin</artifactId>                 <version>${coveralls-maven-plugin.version}</version>                 <configuration>                     <repoToken>xFwR2GqmxcMxV7tGEpW2NfwIrbCD4cQCS</repoToken>                     <sourceDirectories>                         <sourceDirectory>${project.build.sourceDirectory}</sourceDirectory>                     </sourceDirectories>                 </configuration>             </plugin>             <plugin>                 <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>                 <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>                 <version>${jacoco-maven-plugin.version}</version>                 <executions>                     <execution>                         <id>prepare-agent</id>                         <goals>                             <goal>prepare-agent</goal>                         </goals>                     </execution>                 </executions>             </plugin>             <plugin>                 <artifactId>maven-checkstyle-plugin</artifactId>                 <version>${maven-checkstyle-plugin.version}</version>                 <dependencies>                     <dependency>                         <groupId>org.apache.skywalking</groupId>                         <artifactId>apm-checkstyle</artifactId>                         <version>5.0.0-beta</version>                     </dependency>                     <dependency>                         <groupId>com.puppycrawl.tools</groupId>                         <artifactId>checkstyle</artifactId>                         <version>8.11</version>                     </dependency>                 </dependencies>                 <executions>                     <execution>                         <id>validate</id>                         <phase>validate</phase>                         <configuration>                             <configLocation>skywalking/checkStyle.xml</configLocation>                             <headerLocation>skywalking/CHECKSTYLE_HEAD</headerLocation>                             <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>                             <consoleOutput>true</consoleOutput>                             <includeTestSourceDirectory>true</includeTestSourceDirectory>                             <failsOnError>true</failsOnError>                             <excludes>org.apache.skywalking.apm/network/**/*.java,                                 org.apache.skywalking.apm/collector/remote/grpc/**/*.java,                                 org.apache.skywalking.apm/agent/core/context/ids/base64/*.java                             </excludes>                         </configuration>                         <goals>                             <goal>check</goal>                         </goals>                     </execution>                 </executions>             </plugin>         </plugins>     </build> </project>

感谢各位的阅读,以上就是“Maven的使用方法有哪些”的内容了,经过本文的学习后,相信大家对Maven的使用方法有哪些这一问题有了更深刻的体会,具体使用情况还需要大家实践验证。这里是亿速云,小编将为大家推送更多相关知识点的文章,欢迎关注!

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