xml模块

1.xml格式

<?xml version="1.0"?> <data> <country name="Liechtenstein"> <rank updated="yes">2</rank> <year>2008</year> <gdppc>141100</gdppc> <neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/> <neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/> </country> <country name="Singapore"> <rank updated="yes">5</rank> <year>2011</year> <gdppc>59900</gdppc> <neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/> </country> <country name="Panama"> <rank updated="yes">69</rank> <year>2011</year> <gdppc>13600</gdppc> <neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/> <neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/> </country> </data>

2.操作xml文档

2.1查询

#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- # Author: vita import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml") root = tree.getroot() print(root.tag) #遍历xml文档 for child in root: print(child.tag, child.attrib) for i in child: print(i.tag,i.text,i.attrib) #只遍历year 节点 for node in root.iter('year'): print(node.tag,node.text) E:\PythonProject\python-test\venvP3\Scripts\python.exe E:/PythonProject/python-test/BasicGrammer/test.py data country {'name': 'Liechtenstein'} rank 2 {'updated': 'yes'} year 2008 {} gdppc 141100 {} neighbor None {'name': 'Austria', 'direction': 'E'} neighbor None {'name': 'Switzerland', 'direction': 'W'} country {'name': 'Singapore'} rank 5 {'updated': 'yes'} year 2011 {} gdppc 59900 {} neighbor None {'name': 'Malaysia', 'direction': 'N'} country {'name': 'Panama'} rank 69 {'updated': 'yes'} year 2011 {} gdppc 13600 {} neighbor None {'name': 'Costa Rica', 'direction': 'W'} neighbor None {'name': 'Colombia', 'direction': 'E'} year 2008 year 2011 year 2011 Process finished with exit code 0 

2.2修改

#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- # Author: vita import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml") root = tree.getroot() #修改 for node in root.iter('year'): new_year = int(node.text) + 1 node.text = str(new_year) node.set("updated","yes") tree.write("xmltest.xml") E:\PythonProject\python-test\venvP3\Scripts\python.exe E:/PythonProject/python-test/BasicGrammer/test.py Process finished with exit code 0 查看文件内容 <data> <country name="Liechtenstein"> <rank updated="yes">2</rank> <year updated="yes">2009</year> <gdppc>141100</gdppc> <neighbor direction="E" name="Austria" /> <neighbor direction="W" name="Switzerland" /> </country> <country name="Singapore"> <rank updated="yes">5</rank> <year updated="yes">2012</year> <gdppc>59900</gdppc> <neighbor direction="N" name="Malaysia" /> </country> <country name="Panama"> <rank updated="yes">69</rank> <year updated="yes">2012</year> <gdppc>13600</gdppc> <neighbor direction="W" name="Costa Rica" /> <neighbor direction="E" name="Colombia" /> </country> </data>

2.3删除

#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- # Author: vita import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml") root = tree.getroot() #删除node for country in root.findall('country'): rank = int(country.find('rank').text) if rank > 50: root.remove(country) tree.write('output.xml') 查看output.xml <data> <country name="Liechtenstein"> <rank updated="yes">2</rank> <year updated="yes">2009</year> <gdppc>141100</gdppc> <neighbor direction="E" name="Austria" /> <neighbor direction="W" name="Switzerland" /> </country> <country name="Singapore"> <rank updated="yes">5</rank> <year updated="yes">2012</year> <gdppc>59900</gdppc> <neighbor direction="N" name="Malaysia" /> </country> </data>

2.4创建xml文档

#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- # Author: vita import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET new_xml = ET.Element("namelist") name = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"yes"}) age = ET.SubElement(name,"age",attrib={"checked":"no"}) sex = ET.SubElement(name,"sex") sex.text = '33' name2 = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"no"}) age = ET.SubElement(name2,"age") age.text = '19' et = ET.ElementTree(new_xml) #生成文档对象 et.write("test.xml", encoding="utf-8",xml_declaration=True) ET.dump(new_xml) #打印生成的格式 E:\PythonProject\python-test\venvP3\Scripts\python.exe E:/PythonProject/python-test/BasicGrammer/test.py <namelist><name enrolled="yes"><age checked="no" /><sex>33</sex></name><name enrolled="no"><age>19</age></name></namelist> Process finished with exit code 0 查看文件内容 <?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?> <namelist><name enrolled="yes"><age checked="no" /><sex>33</sex></name><name enrolled="no"><age>19</age></name></namelist>