了解Spring Cloud Netflix-Ribbon灰度方案之Zuul网关灰度

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Eureka默认集成了Ribbon，所以Ribbon的灰度实现原理就是借助服务注册到Eureka中的eureka.instance.metadata-map的内容来进行匹配的。

Zuul网关的灰度实现也是借助了一个Ribbon的插件来实现，相对比较简单。

项目环境说明：有两个eureka的服务端(eureka-server)，有两个相同的后端服务(service-sms)，有一个网关服务(cloud-zuul)。

1、网关的依赖：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>     <parent>         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>         <version>2.3.9.RELEASE</version>         <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->     </parent>     <groupId>com.kevin</groupId>     <artifactId>cloud-zuul</artifactId>     <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>     <name>cloud-zuul</name>     <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>     <properties>         <java.version>1.8</java.version>         <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR10</spring-cloud.version>     </properties>     <dependencies>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>             <version>2.2.7.RELEASE</version>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>io.jmnarloch</groupId>             <artifactId>ribbon-discovery-filter-spring-cloud-starter</artifactId>             <version>2.1.0</version>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>             <version>2.2.7.RELEASE</version>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>             <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>             <optional>true</optional>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>             <scope>test</scope>             <exclusions>                 <exclusion>                     <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>                     <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>                 </exclusion>             </exclusions>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>             <version>2.1.2</version>         </dependency>           <dependency>             <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>             <artifactId>druid</artifactId>             <version>1.1.21</version>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>mysql</groupId>             <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>             <version>5.1.48</version>         </dependency>     </dependencies>     <dependencyManagement>         <dependencies>             <dependency>                 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>                 <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>                 <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>                 <type>pom</type>                 <scope>import</scope>             </dependency>         </dependencies>     </dependencyManagement>       <build>         <plugins>             <plugin>                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>                 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>                 <configuration>                     <excludes>                         <exclude>                             <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>                             <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>                         </exclude>                     </excludes>                 </configuration>             </plugin>         </plugins>     </build>   </project>

这里我们用到的就是io.jmnarloch.ribbon-discovery-filter-spring-cloud-starter 这个插件包。需要注意的是，这个包引入之后，eureka-client自身带的ribbon很多功能就被覆盖了，而且不能再自定义IRule规则。因为这个包里面会生成一个metadataAwareRule的IRule，因为spring默认是单例，所以如果再自定义IRule会出现冲突运行时报错。

2、配置application.yaml

server:   port: 9100 spring:   application:     name: cloud-zuul   datasource:     type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource     driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver     url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai     username: root     password: root     dbcp2:       initial-size: 5       min-idle: 5       max-total: 10       max-wait-millis: 1000       validation-query: select 1       test-while-idle: true       test-on-borrow: false       test-on-return: false   eureka:   client:     service-url:       defaultZone: http://eureka-7900:7900/eureka/ mybatis:   mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml

说明： 我的eureka服务端是部署在域名eureka-7900端口7900。

3、springboot启动类中添加@EnableZuulProxy

@SpringBootApplication @EnableZuulProxy public class CloudZuulApplication {       public static void main(String[] args) {         SpringApplication.run(CloudZuulApplication.class, args);     } }

4、添加灰度过滤器

import com.kevin.dao.CommonGrayRuleDao; import com.kevin.entity.CommonGrayRule; import com.netflix.zuul.ZuulFilter; import com.netflix.zuul.context.RequestContext; import com.netflix.zuul.exception.ZuulException; import io.jmnarloch.spring.cloud.ribbon.support.RibbonFilterContextHolder; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.filters.support.FilterConstants; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;   //加入spring的管理 @Component public class GrayFilter extends ZuulFilter {     @Override     public String filterType() {         return FilterConstants.ROUTE_TYPE;     }       @Override     public int filterOrder() {         return 0;     }       @Override     public boolean shouldFilter() {         //必须返回true，否则过滤器不起作用         return true;     }       @SuppressWarnings("SpringJavaInjectionPointsAutowiringInspection")     @Autowired     private CommonGrayRuleDao commonGrayRuleDao;       @Override     public Object run() throws ZuulException {         //模拟从数据库中获取灰度规则配置，此处根据id获取的，实际项目中可以从数据库查处所有放到缓存         CommonGrayRule commonGrayRule = commonGrayRuleDao.selectByPrimaryKey(1);           RequestContext currentContext = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();         HttpServletRequest request = currentContext.getRequest();         int userId = Integer.parseInt(request.getHeader("userId"));         //从head中拿出userid，根据数据库中规则进行匹配，如果灰度规则中有这个用户就走灰度v1版本，此处模拟的是根据         //某一个具体的id获取的值，实际根据情况来定，实际情况中灰度规则也不一定是根据用户来         if(commonGrayRule.getId() == userId){             //核心代码就这么一行，实现了灰度，这里的version与要访问的服务的metadata-map中的key和value进行对应             RibbonFilterContextHolder.getCurrentContext().add("version","v1");         }           return null;     } }

至此通过网关访问service-sms服务就可以了。如果head中添加version就可以指定到具体服务上。

事前说明：两个service-sms服务的application.yaml文件如下：

spring:   profiles: sms1   application:     name: service-sms server:   port: 8001 eureka:   client:     service-url:       defaultZone: http://eureka-7900:7900/eureka/   instance:     metadata-map:       version: v1     --- spring:   profiles: sms2   application:     name: service-sms server:   port: 8002 eureka:   client:     service-url:       defaultZone: http://eureka-7900:7900/eureka/   instance:     metadata-map:       version: v2

因为本机测试，所以使用的是profiles进行区分。

可以看到一个metadata-map设置的是version: v1 ，另一个是version: v2。

当我们数据库添加一条用户id是1的数据时，我们通过网关访问服务的时候，head里面添加userId为1的内容，那么这个用户为1的请求就会一直走sms1这个服务，否则会在sms1和sms2中轮询切换。

感谢各位的阅读，以上就是“了解Spring Cloud Netflix-Ribbon灰度方案之Zuul网关灰度”的内容了，经过本文的学习后，相信大家对了解Spring Cloud Netflix-Ribbon灰度方案之Zuul网关灰度这一问题有了更深刻的体会，具体使用情况还需要大家实践验证。这里是亿速云，小编将为大家推送更多相关知识点的文章，欢迎关注！