Oracle数据库的冷备

        1.编写备份脚本 通过操作系统的命令来实现的备份机制：cp、scp 1.1查询所有的文件所在位置（数据文件，控制文件，参数文件，重做日志文件，密码文件） SYS@orcl11g> select name from v$datafile   2  union   3  select name from v$controlfile   4  union   5  select member from v$logfile; 1.2创建备份的路径	SYS@orcl11g> host mkdir /u01/app/backup 1.3通过select语句构建拷贝脚本	SYS@orcl11g> set trim on  	截取掉不必要的空格	SYS@orcl11g> set trims on  	每个行的空格	SYS@orcl11g> set heading off	去掉标题	SYS@orcl11g> set echo off    	去掉反馈	SYS@orcl11g> set feedback off	去掉回显	SYS@orcl11g> set term off    	关闭终端信息	SYS@orcl11g> spool /home/oracle/cp.sql	SYS@orcl11g>select  'cp '||name||' /u01/app/backup' from v$datafile	    	union	select  'cp ' ||name|| ' /u01/app/backup' from v$controlfile	    	union	    	select  'cp '||member||' /u01/app/backup' from v$logfile	+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++	SYS@orcl11g> select 'cp ' || name || ' /u01/app/backup/' from v$datafile;	--只备份数据文件	+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++	cp /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl11g/control02.ctl /home/backup	cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/control01.ctl /home/backup	cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/example01.dbf /home/backup	cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo01.log /home/backup	cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo02.log /home/backup	cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo03.log /home/backup	cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/sysaux01.dbf /home/backup	cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf /home/backup	cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/undotbs01.dbf /home/backup	cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/users01.dbf /home/backup	[oracle@db253 ~]$ spool off	[oracle@db253 ~]$ vi cp.sql 	[oracle@db253 ~]$ cat cp.sql 	cp /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl11g/control02.ctl /home/backup	cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/control01.ctl /home/backup	cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/example01.dbf /home/backup	cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo01.log /home/backup	cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo02.log /home/backup	cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/redo03.log /home/backup	cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/sysaux01.dbf /home/backup	cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf /home/backup	cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/undotbs01.dbf /home/backup	cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/users01.dbf /home/backup	[oracle@db253 ~]$ chmod +x cp.sql awk构建命令： ls -lSr /test | awk '{print "mv " $NF" /tmp/test/t"NR".conf"}' | bash 2.停止数据库 sql> shutdown immediate; 3.拷贝数据文件 [oracle@db253 ~]$ /home/oracle/cp.sql	--执行脚本 4.开启数据库 sql> startup;