这篇文章主要介绍了微信开发之如何实现消息体签名和加解密，具有一定借鉴价值，感兴趣的朋友可以参考下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后大有收获，下面让小编带着大家一起了解一下。
代码：
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Security.Cryptography;using System.IO;using System.Net;namespace WxApi { public class Cryptography { public static UInt32 HostToNetworkOrder(UInt32 inval) { UInt32 outval = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) outval = (outval << 8) + ((inval >> (i * 8)) & 255); return outval; } public static Int32 HostToNetworkOrder(Int32 inval) { Int32 outval = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) outval = (outval << 8) + ((inval >> (i * 8)) & 255); return outval; } /// <summary> /// 解密方法 /// </summary> /// <param name="Input">密文</param> /// <param name="EncodingAESKey"></param> /// <returns></returns> /// public static string AES_decrypt(String Input, string EncodingAESKey, ref string appid) { byte[] Key; Key = Convert.FromBase64String(EncodingAESKey + "="); byte[] Iv = new byte[16]; Array.Copy(Key, Iv, 16); byte[] btmpMsg = AES_decrypt(Input, Iv, Key); int len = BitConverter.ToInt32(btmpMsg, 16); len = IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(len); byte[] bMsg = new byte[len]; byte[] bAppid = new byte[btmpMsg.Length - 20 - len]; Array.Copy(btmpMsg, 20, bMsg, 0, len); Array.Copy(btmpMsg, 20 + len, bAppid, 0, btmpMsg.Length - 20 - len); string oriMsg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bMsg); appid = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bAppid); return oriMsg; } public static String AES_encrypt(String Input, string EncodingAESKey, string appid) { byte[] Key; Key = Convert.FromBase64String(EncodingAESKey + "="); byte[] Iv = new byte[16]; Array.Copy(Key, Iv, 16); string Randcode = CreateRandCode(16); byte[] bRand = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Randcode); byte[] bAppid = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(appid); byte[] btmpMsg = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Input); byte[] bMsgLen = BitConverter.GetBytes(HostToNetworkOrder(btmpMsg.Length)); byte[] bMsg = new byte[bRand.Length + bMsgLen.Length + bAppid.Length + btmpMsg.Length]; Array.Copy(bRand, bMsg, bRand.Length); Array.Copy(bMsgLen, 0, bMsg, bRand.Length, bMsgLen.Length); Array.Copy(btmpMsg, 0, bMsg, bRand.Length + bMsgLen.Length, btmpMsg.Length); Array.Copy(bAppid, 0, bMsg, bRand.Length + bMsgLen.Length + btmpMsg.Length, bAppid.Length); return AES_encrypt(bMsg, Iv, Key); } private static string CreateRandCode(int codeLen) { string codeSerial = "2,3,4,5,6,7,a,c,d,e,f,h,i,j,k,m,n,p,r,s,t,A,C,D,E,F,G,H,J,K,M,N,P,Q,R,S,U,V,W,X,Y,Z"; if (codeLen == 0) { codeLen = 16; } string[] arr = codeSerial.Split(','); string code = ""; int randValue = -1; Random rand = new Random(unchecked((int)DateTime.Now.Ticks)); for (int i = 0; i < codeLen; i++) { randValue = rand.Next(0, arr.Length - 1); code += arr[randValue]; } return code; } private static String AES_encrypt(String Input, byte[] Iv, byte[] Key) { var aes = new RijndaelManaged(); //秘钥的大小，以位为单位 aes.KeySize = 256; //支持的块大小 aes.BlockSize = 128; //填充模式 aes.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7; aes.Mode = CipherMode.CBC; aes.Key = Key; aes.IV = Iv; var encrypt = aes.CreateEncryptor(aes.Key, aes.IV); byte[] xBuff = null; using (var ms = new MemoryStream()) { using (var cs = new CryptoStream(ms, encrypt, CryptoStreamMode.Write)) { byte[] xXml = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Input); cs.Write(xXml, 0, xXml.Length); } xBuff = ms.ToArray(); } String Output = Convert.ToBase64String(xBuff); return Output; } private static String AES_encrypt(byte[] Input, byte[] Iv, byte[] Key) { var aes = new RijndaelManaged(); //秘钥的大小，以位为单位 aes.KeySize = 256; //支持的块大小 aes.BlockSize = 128; //填充模式 //aes.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7; aes.Padding = PaddingMode.None; aes.Mode = CipherMode.CBC; aes.Key = Key; aes.IV = Iv; var encrypt = aes.CreateEncryptor(aes.Key, aes.IV); byte[] xBuff = null; #region 自己进行PKCS7补位，用系统自己带的不行 byte[] msg = new byte[Input.Length + 32 - Input.Length % 32]; Array.Copy(Input, msg, Input.Length); byte[] pad = KCS7Encoder(Input.Length); Array.Copy(pad, 0, msg, Input.Length, pad.Length); #endregion #region 注释的也是一种方法，效果一样 //ICryptoTransform transform = aes.CreateEncryptor(); //byte[] xBuff = transform.TransformFinalBlock(msg, 0, msg.Length); #endregion using (var ms = new MemoryStream()) { using (var cs = new CryptoStream(ms, encrypt, CryptoStreamMode.Write)) { cs.Write(msg, 0, msg.Length); } xBuff = ms.ToArray(); } String Output = Convert.ToBase64String(xBuff); return Output; } private static byte[] KCS7Encoder(int text_length) { int block_size = 32; // 计算需要填充的位数 int amount_to_pad = block_size - (text_length % block_size); if (amount_to_pad == 0) { amount_to_pad = block_size; } // 获得补位所用的字符 char pad_chr = chr(amount_to_pad); string tmp = ""; for (int index = 0; index < amount_to_pad; index++) { tmp += pad_chr; } return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(tmp); } /** * 将数字转化成ASCII码对应的字符，用于对明文进行补码 * * @param a 需要转化的数字 * @return 转化得到的字符 */ static char chr(int a) { byte target = (byte)(a & 0xFF); return (char)target; } private static byte[] AES_decrypt(String Input, byte[] Iv, byte[] Key) { RijndaelManaged aes = new RijndaelManaged(); aes.KeySize = 256; aes.BlockSize = 128; aes.Mode = CipherMode.CBC; aes.Padding = PaddingMode.None; aes.Key = Key; aes.IV = Iv; var decrypt = aes.CreateDecryptor(aes.Key, aes.IV); byte[] xBuff = null; using (var ms = new MemoryStream()) { using (var cs = new CryptoStream(ms, decrypt, CryptoStreamMode.Write)) { byte[] xXml = Convert.FromBase64String(Input); byte[] msg = new byte[xXml.Length + 32 - xXml.Length % 32]; Array.Copy(xXml, msg, xXml.Length); cs.Write(xXml, 0, xXml.Length); } xBuff = decode2(ms.ToArray()); } return xBuff; } private static byte[] decode2(byte[] decrypted) { int pad = (int)decrypted[decrypted.Length - 1]; if (pad < 1 || pad > 32) { pad = 0; } byte[] res = new byte[decrypted.Length - pad]; Array.Copy(decrypted, 0, res, 0, decrypted.Length - pad); return res; } } }using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Xml;using System.Collections;//using System.Web;using System.Security.Cryptography;//-40001 ： 签名验证错误//-40002 : xml解析失败//-40003 : sha加密生成签名失败//-40004 : AESKey 非法//-40005 : appid 校验错误//-40006 : AES 加密失败//-40007 ： AES 解密失败//-40008 ： 解密后得到的buffer非法//-40009 : base64加密异常//-40010 : base64解密异常namespace WxApi { public class MsgCrypt { string m_sToken; string m_sEncodingAESKey; string m_sAppID; enum WXBizMsgCryptErrorCode { WXBizMsgCrypt_OK = 0, WXBizMsgCrypt_ValidateSignature_Error = -40001, WXBizMsgCrypt_ParseXml_Error = -40002, WXBizMsgCrypt_ComputeSignature_Error = -40003, WXBizMsgCrypt_IllegalAesKey = -40004, WXBizMsgCrypt_ValidateAppid_Error = -40005, WXBizMsgCrypt_EncryptAES_Error = -40006, WXBizMsgCrypt_DecryptAES_Error = -40007, WXBizMsgCrypt_IllegalBuffer = -40008, WXBizMsgCrypt_EncodeBase64_Error = -40009, WXBizMsgCrypt_DecodeBase64_Error = -40010 }; //构造函数 // @param sToken: 公众平台上，开发者设置的Token // @param sEncodingAESKey: 公众平台上，开发者设置的EncodingAESKey // @param sAppID: 公众帐号的appid public MsgCrypt(string sToken, string sEncodingAESKey, string sAppID) { m_sToken = sToken; m_sAppID = sAppID; m_sEncodingAESKey = sEncodingAESKey; } // 检验消息的真实性，并且获取解密后的明文 // @param sMsgSignature: 签名串，对应URL参数的msg_signature // @param sTimeStamp: 时间戳，对应URL参数的timestamp // @param sNonce: 随机串，对应URL参数的nonce // @param sPostData: 密文，对应POST请求的数据 // @param sMsg: 解密后的原文，当return返回0时有效 // @return: 成功0，失败返回对应的错误码 public int DecryptMsg(string sMsgSignature, string sTimeStamp, string sNonce, string sPostData, ref string sMsg) { if (m_sEncodingAESKey.Length != 43) { return (int)WXBizMsgCryptErrorCode.WXBizMsgCrypt_IllegalAesKey; } XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument(); XmlNode root; string sEncryptMsg; try { doc.LoadXml(sPostData); root = doc.FirstChild; sEncryptMsg = root["Encrypt"].InnerText; } catch (Exception) { return (int)WXBizMsgCryptErrorCode.WXBizMsgCrypt_ParseXml_Error; } //verify signature int ret = 0; ret = VerifySignature(m_sToken, sTimeStamp, sNonce, sEncryptMsg, sMsgSignature); if (ret != 0) return ret; //decrypt string cpid = ""; try { sMsg = Cryptography.AES_decrypt(sEncryptMsg, m_sEncodingAESKey, ref cpid); } catch (FormatException) { return (int)WXBizMsgCryptErrorCode.WXBizMsgCrypt_DecodeBase64_Error; } catch (Exception) { return (int)WXBizMsgCryptErrorCode.WXBizMsgCrypt_DecryptAES_Error; } if (cpid != m_sAppID) return (int)WXBizMsgCryptErrorCode.WXBizMsgCrypt_ValidateAppid_Error; return 0; } //将企业号回复用户的消息加密打包 // @param sReplyMsg: 企业号待回复用户的消息，xml格式的字符串 // @param sTimeStamp: 时间戳，可以自己生成，也可以用URL参数的timestamp // @param sNonce: 随机串，可以自己生成，也可以用URL参数的nonce // @param sEncryptMsg: 加密后的可以直接回复用户的密文，包括msg_signature, timestamp, nonce, encrypt的xml格式的字符串, // 当return返回0时有效 // return：成功0，失败返回对应的错误码 public int EncryptMsg(string sReplyMsg, string sTimeStamp, string sNonce, ref string sEncryptMsg) { if (m_sEncodingAESKey.Length != 43) { return (int)WXBizMsgCryptErrorCode.WXBizMsgCrypt_IllegalAesKey; } string raw = ""; try { raw = Cryptography.AES_encrypt(sReplyMsg, m_sEncodingAESKey, m_sAppID); } catch (Exception) { return (int)WXBizMsgCryptErrorCode.WXBizMsgCrypt_EncryptAES_Error; } string MsgSigature = ""; int ret = 0; ret = GenarateSinature(m_sToken, sTimeStamp, sNonce, raw, ref MsgSigature); if (0 != ret) return ret; sEncryptMsg = ""; string EncryptLabelHead = "<Encrypt><![CDATA["; string EncryptLabelTail = "]]></Encrypt>"; string MsgSigLabelHead = "<MsgSignature><![CDATA["; string MsgSigLabelTail = "]]></MsgSignature>"; string TimeStampLabelHead = "<TimeStamp><![CDATA["; string TimeStampLabelTail = "]]></TimeStamp>"; string NonceLabelHead = "<Nonce><![CDATA["; string NonceLabelTail = "]]></Nonce>"; sEncryptMsg = sEncryptMsg + "<xml>" + EncryptLabelHead + raw + EncryptLabelTail; sEncryptMsg = sEncryptMsg + MsgSigLabelHead + MsgSigature + MsgSigLabelTail; sEncryptMsg = sEncryptMsg + TimeStampLabelHead + sTimeStamp + TimeStampLabelTail; sEncryptMsg = sEncryptMsg + NonceLabelHead + sNonce + NonceLabelTail; sEncryptMsg += "</xml>"; return 0; } public class DictionarySort : System.Collections.IComparer { public int Compare(object oLeft, object oRight) { string sLeft = oLeft as string; string sRight = oRight as string; int iLeftLength = sLeft.Length; int iRightLength = sRight.Length; int index = 0; while (index < iLeftLength && index < iRightLength) { if (sLeft[index] < sRight[index]) return -1; else if (sLeft[index] > sRight[index]) return 1; else index++; } return iLeftLength - iRightLength; } } //Verify Signature private static int VerifySignature(string sToken, string sTimeStamp, string sNonce, string sMsgEncrypt, string sSigture) { string hash = ""; int ret = 0; ret = GenarateSinature(sToken, sTimeStamp, sNonce, sMsgEncrypt, ref hash); if (ret != 0) return ret; //System.Console.WriteLine(hash); if (hash == sSigture) return 0; else { return (int)WXBizMsgCryptErrorCode.WXBizMsgCrypt_ValidateSignature_Error; } } public static int GenarateSinature(string sToken, string sTimeStamp, string sNonce, string sMsgEncrypt, ref string sMsgSignature) { ArrayList AL = new ArrayList(); AL.Add(sToken); AL.Add(sTimeStamp); AL.Add(sNonce); AL.Add(sMsgEncrypt); AL.Sort(new DictionarySort()); string raw = ""; for (int i = 0; i < AL.Count; ++i) { raw += AL[i]; } SHA1 sha; ASCIIEncoding enc; string hash = ""; try { sha = new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider(); enc = new ASCIIEncoding(); byte[] dataToHash = enc.GetBytes(raw); byte[] dataHashed = sha.ComputeHash(dataToHash); hash = BitConverter.ToString(dataHashed).Replace("-", ""); hash = hash.ToLower(); } catch (Exception) { return (int)WXBizMsgCryptErrorCode.WXBizMsgCrypt_ComputeSignature_Error; } sMsgSignature = hash; return 0; } } }在处理程序中，首先获取到公众平台服务器发送过来的数据，并转成字符串。代码如下
string postStr = ""; Stream s = VqiRequest.GetInputStream();//此方法是对System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.InputStream的封装，可直接代码 byte[] b = new byte[s.Length]; s.Read(b, 0, (int)s.Length); postStr = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(b);
然后再分别获取url中的参数：timestamp，nonce，msg_signature，encrypt_type。可以看到，在明文模式下是没有encrypt_type参数的。如图：
明文模式
兼容模式和安全模式
兼容模式和安全模式则加入了消息体的签名与加密类型两个参数。
由于在实际的运营中，兼容模式不太可能使用，所以在此不做详细介绍了。
接着上面的讲。获取到url中的参数后，判断encrypt_type的值是否为aes，如果是则说明是使用的兼容模式或安全模式，此时则需调用解密相关的方法进行解密。
if (encrypt_type == "aes") { requestXML.IsAes = true; requestXML.EncodingAESKey = aeskey; requestXML.token = token; requestXML.appid = appid; var ret = new MsgCrypt(token, aeskey, appid); int r = ret.DecryptMsg(msg_signature, timestamp, nonce, postStr, ref data); if (r!=0) { WxApi.Base.WriteBug("消息解密失败"); return null; } }否则则直接解析接收到的xml字符串。
下图是接收到的密文：
解密之后的内容如下：
此时就可以解析此xml了。
当需要回复加密的请求时，回复的内容也是需要加密的，所以在回复前需要判断此条接收到的消息是否加密，如果是加密的，则需要将需要回复的内容加密后，再进行回复。回复消息的方法将在下一篇中具体讲解，此篇只讲解加密的过程。
处理代码如下：
private static void Response(WeiXinRequest requestXML, string data) { if (requestXML.IsAes) { var wxcpt = new MsgCrypt(requestXML.token, requestXML.EncodingAESKey, requestXML.appid); wxcpt.EncryptMsg(data, Utils.ConvertDateTimeInt(DateTime.Now).ToString(), Utils.GetRamCode(), ref data); } Utils.ResponseWrite(data); }将接收到的消息实体和需要回复的内容xml传递过来，如果是加密的，则加密后再Response，否则直接Response。
感谢你能够认真阅读完这篇文章，希望小编分享的“微信开发之如何实现消息体签名和加解密”这篇文章对大家有帮助，同时也希望大家多多支持亿速云，关注亿速云行业资讯频道，更多相关知识等着你来学习!
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