在Linux上利用Oracle进行数据分析的步骤如下:
gcc
、libaio
等:sudo yum install -y gcc make libaio compat-libstdc++
oracle
用户及oinstall
、dba
组:sudo groupadd oinstall dba sudo useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle sudo passwd oracle
sudo mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle sudo chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
~/.bash_profile
,添加:export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1 export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH source ~/.bash_profile
sqlplus username/password@ORCL
(ORCL
为配置的数据库服务名,需提前在tnsnames.ora
中设置)SELECT d.department_name, SUM(e.salary) AS total_salary, AVG(e.salary) AS avg_salary FROM employees e JOIN departments d ON e.department_id = d.department_id GROUP BY d.department_name ORDER BY total_salary DESC;
-- 按部门排名 SELECT employee_id, department_id, salary, RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY department_id ORDER BY salary DESC) AS dept_rank FROM employees;
SELECT TO_CHAR(order_date, 'YYYY-MM') AS month, SUM(quantity * unit_price) AS monthly_sales, LAG(SUM(quantity * unit_price), 1) OVER (ORDER BY TO_CHAR(order_date, 'YYYY-MM')) AS prev_month_sales FROM orders GROUP BY TO_CHAR(order_date, 'YYYY-MM') ORDER BY month;
PIVOT
将行转列(如统计各产品在不同地区的销量)。NTILE
将数据分桶(如将用户按消费金额分为高、中、低三档)。CREATE INDEX idx_employee_salary ON employees(salary);
。#!/bin/bash sqlplus -s username/password@ORCL <<EOF SPOOL /tmp/monthly_sales_report.csv SELECT TO_CHAR(order_date, 'YYYY-MM') AS month, SUM(quantity * unit_price) AS sales FROM orders WHERE order_date >= ADD_MONTHS(TRUNC(SYSDATE, 'MM'), -1) GROUP BY TO_CHAR(order_date, 'YYYY-MM') ORDER BY month; SPOOL OFF EOF
alert.log
和trace
文件排查性能问题,使用tkprof
工具格式化跟踪日志。通过以上步骤,可在Linux环境下高效利用Oracle完成数据提取、统计分析及可视化准备。