要熟练掌握Kotlin类的初始化,你需要了解以下几个概念和技巧:
val或var关键字声明一个变量,然后将类的构造函数调用赋值给该变量。class MyClass { init { println("MyClass initialized") } } val myInstance = MyClass() // 输出 "MyClass initialized" class MyClass(val name: String) { // ... } val myInstance = MyClass("John") constructor关键字定义,并调用主构造函数。class MyClass { constructor(name: String, age: Int) : this(name) { println("MyClass initialized with age $age") } } val myInstance1 = MyClass("John") // 输出 "MyClass initialized" val myInstance2 = MyClass("John", 30) // 输出 "MyClass initialized with age 30" class MyClass { init { println("MyClass initialized") } constructor(name: String) : this() { println("MyClass constructor called with name $name") } } val myInstance1 = MyClass("John") // 输出 "MyClass initialized" 和 "MyClass constructor called with name John" constructor关键字委托它们。这可以避免代码重复。class MyClass { constructor(name: String) : this(name, 0) { println("MyClass constructor called with name $name") } constructor(name: String, age: Int) : this() { println("MyClass constructor called with name $name and age $age") } } val myInstance1 = MyClass("John") // 输出 "MyClass constructor called with name John" 和 "MyClass constructor called with name John and age 0" 通过熟练掌握这些概念和技巧,你将能够熟练地初始化Kotlin类。