在ASP.NET Core中,使用Json Web Token (JWT)进行身份验证时,有时需要刷新令牌。为了实现这一点,你可以使用Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.JwtBearer包中的RefreshToken功能。以下是如何刷新令牌的步骤:
Startup.cs文件中为JWT身份验证配置了RefreshToken中间件:public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services) { // ...其他服务配置... services.AddAuthentication(JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme) .AddJwtBearer(options => { options.RequireHttpsMetadata = true; options.SaveToken = true; options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters { ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true, IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Configuration["JwtSecret"])), ValidateIssuer = false, ValidateAudience = false }; }) .AddJwtBearer<JwtBearerOptions>(options => { options.SaveToken = true; }) .AddRefreshToken(); } public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env) { // ...其他中间件配置... app.UseAuthentication(); app.UseAuthorization(); // ...其他中间件配置... } [Authorize]属性保护需要身份验证的路由。同时,添加一个用于处理令牌刷新的端点:[Authorize] public class AccountController : ControllerBase { // ...其他控制器方法... [HttpPost("refresh-token")] public async Task<IActionResult> RefreshToken([FromBody] RefreshTokenRequest request) { var claims = new[] { new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, request.Username), new Claim(ClaimTypes.Email, request.Email) }; var identity = new ClaimsIdentity(claims, JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme); var principal = new ClaimsPrincipal(identity); var tokenHandler = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler(); var key = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Configuration["JwtSecret"]); var tokenDescriptor = new SecurityTokenDescriptor { Subject = principal, Expires = DateTime.UtcNow.AddMinutes(30), SigningCredentials = new SigningCredentials(new SymmetricSecurityKey(key), SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha256Signature) }; var newToken = tokenHandler.CreateToken(tokenDescriptor); var newJwtToken = tokenHandler.WriteToken(newToken); return Ok(new JwtTokenResponse { Token = newJwtToken }); } } RefreshTokenRequest模型,用于接收客户端发送的刷新令牌请求:public class RefreshTokenRequest { public string Username { get; set; } public string Email { get; set; } public string RefreshToken { get; set; } } JwtTokenResponse模型,用于返回新的JWT令牌:public class JwtTokenResponse { public string Token { get; set; } } 现在,当客户端的访问令牌过期时,它可以发送一个包含刷新令牌的请求到/account/refresh-token端点。服务器将验证刷新令牌,生成一个新的JWT令牌,并将其返回给客户端。