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c++ allocator 是否支持对齐分配

c++
小樊
116
2024-11-19 09:14:41
栏目: 编程语言

C++的allocator模板类本身并不直接提供对齐分配的功能,但是你可以通过自定义分配器来实现对齐分配。自定义分配器可以继承自std::allocator并重载其allocatedeallocate方法,以便在分配和释放内存时考虑对齐要求。

以下是一个简单的示例,展示了如何创建一个支持对齐分配的自定义分配器:

#include <iostream> #include <memory> #include <vector> template <typename T> class aligning_allocator : public std::allocator<T> { public: using value_type = T; using pointer = typename std::allocator<T>::pointer; using const_pointer = typename std::allocator<T>::const_pointer; using reference = typename std::allocator<T>::reference; using const_reference = typename std::allocator<T>::const_reference; using size_type = typename std::allocator<T>::size_type; using difference_type = typename std::allocator<T>::difference_type; template <typename U> struct rebind { typedef aligning_allocator<U> other; }; pointer allocate(size_type n, const void* hint = 0) { pointer result = std::allocator<T>::allocate(n, hint); if (result) { // Ensure the allocated memory is aligned uintptr_t addr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(result); uintptr_t alignment = alignof(T); if (addr % alignment != 0) { std::allocator<T>::deallocate(result, n); result = std::allocator<T>::allocate(n + alignment - (addr % alignment)); if (!result) { throw std::bad_alloc(); } std::memset(result, 0, n * sizeof(T)); } } return result; } void deallocate(pointer p, size_type n) noexcept { std::allocator<T>::deallocate(p, n); } }; int main() { aligning_allocator<int> allocator; std::vector<int, aligning_allocator<int>> vec; vec.reserve(10); for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) { vec.push_back(i); } for (const auto& elem : vec) { std::cout << elem << " "; } return 0; } 

在这个示例中,我们创建了一个名为aligning_allocator的自定义分配器,它继承自std::allocator<T>。我们重载了allocate方法,以确保分配的内存是对齐的。然后,我们使用这个自定义分配器创建了一个std::vector<int>,并向其中添加了一些元素。最后,我们遍历向量并打印其内容。

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