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Apache2如何配置缓存提高Ubuntu网站速度

小樊
43
2025-09-07 06:44:27
栏目: 云计算

在Ubuntu上配置Apache2以提高网站速度,可以通过启用和配置缓存模块来实现。以下是一些常用的方法:

方法一:使用mod_cache和mod_cache_disk

  1. 安装必要的模块

    sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install apache2-mod-cache apache2-mod-cache-disk 
  2. 启用模块

    sudo a2enmod cache sudo a2enmod cache_disk 
  3. 配置缓存: 编辑Apache配置文件(通常是/etc/apache2/apache2.conf/etc/apache2/sites-available/your-site.conf),添加以下内容:

    <IfModule mod_cache.c> <IfModule mod_cache_disk.c> CacheEnable disk /your-cache CacheRoot /var/cache/apache2/mod_cache_disk CacheDirLevels 2 CacheDirLength 1 CacheDefaultExpire 3600 </IfModule> </IfModule> <Location /> CacheEnable disk / CacheIgnoreHeaders Set-Cookie CacheIgnoreNoLastMod On CacheMaxExpire 86400 CacheMinExpire 600 CacheLastModifiedFactor 0.5 CacheOnlyIfCached On AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html text/plain text/xml text/css application/javascript </Location> 

    请根据你的需求调整CacheRootCacheEnable和其他参数。

  4. 重启Apache

    sudo systemctl restart apache2 

方法二:使用Varnish作为反向代理缓存

  1. 安装Varnish

    sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install varnish 
  2. 配置Varnish: 编辑Varnish配置文件(通常是/etc/varnish/default.vcl),添加以下内容:

    vcl 4.0; backend default { .host = "127.0.0.1"; .port = "80"; } sub vcl_recv { if (req.http.Cookie) { return (pass); } if (req.http.Authorization) { return (pass); } if (req.http.Cache-Control ~ "no-cache") { return (pass); } if (req.http.Pragma ~ "no-cache") { return (pass); } if (req.http.Expires == "") { return (pass); } return (hash); } sub vcl_backend_response { if (bereq.http.Cache-Control ~ "no-cache") { set beresp.ttl = 0s; return (deliver); } if (bereq.http.Pragma ~ "no-cache") { set beresp.ttl = 0s; return (deliver); } if (bereq.http.Expires != "") { set beresp.ttl = 60s; } else { set beresp.ttl = 300s; } } sub vcl_deliver { if (obj.hits > 0) { set resp.http.X-Cache = "HIT"; } else { set resp.http.X-Cache = "MISS"; } } 
  3. 启动Varnish

    sudo systemctl start varnish sudo systemctl enable varnish 
  4. 配置Apache监听不同的端口(例如8080): 编辑Apache配置文件(通常是/etc/apache2/ports.conf),添加以下内容:

    Listen 8080 
  5. 重启Apache

    sudo systemctl restart apache2 
  6. 配置Varnish监听80端口并转发到Apache的8080端口: 编辑Varnish配置文件(通常是/etc/default/varnish),修改DAEMON_OPTS

    DAEMON_OPTS="-a :80 \ -T localhost:6082 \ -f /etc/varnish/default.vcl \ -S /etc/varnish/secret \ -s malloc,256m" 
  7. 重启Varnish

    sudo systemctl restart varnish 

通过以上步骤,你可以显著提高Ubuntu上Apache2服务器的网站速度。根据你的具体需求和服务器资源,选择合适的缓存方法进行配置。

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