Ubuntu MySQL集群搭建教程

在Ubuntu上搭建MySQL集群可以通过多种方式实现，包括使用MySQL Cluster、Kubernetes的StatefulSet等。以下是使用Kubernetes的StatefulSet部署MySQL主从集群的详细步骤：

准备工作

1. 创建Namespace

apiVersion: v1 kind: Namespace metadata: name: mysql labels: app: mysql 

2. 配置密码Secret

apiVersion: v1 kind: Secret metadata: name: mysql-secret namespace: mysql labels: app: mysql type: Opaque data: password: MTIzNDU2 # base64编码的密码，生产环境建议使用更复杂的密码 

主从配置分离

1. 创建ConfigMap

主节点配置（master.cnf）

apiVersion: v1 kind: ConfigMap metadata: name: mysql namespace: mysql data: master.cnf: | [mysqld] log-bin=mysql-bin skip-name-resolves 

从节点配置（slave.cnf）

apiVersion: v1 kind: ConfigMap metadata: name: mysql namespace: mysql data: slave.cnf: | [mysqld] super-read-only log-bin=mysql-bin replicate-ignore-db=mysql 

网络服务配置

1. Headless Service

apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: mysql namespace: mysql labels: app: mysql spec: ports: - name: mysql port: 3306 clusterIP: None selector: app: mysql 

2. 读写分离Service

apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: mysql-read namespace: mysql labels: app: mysql spec: ports: - name: mysql port: 3306 selector: app: mysql 

核心StatefulSet部署

apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: StatefulSet metadata: name: mysql namespace: mysql spec: selector: matchLabels: app: mysql serviceName: "mysql" replicas: 2 template: metadata: labels: app: mysql spec: initContainers: - name: init-mysql image: mysql:5.7 env: - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD valueFrom: secretKeyRef: name: mysql-secret key: password command: - bash - "-c" - | set -ex ordinal=$(hostname | awk '{print $NF}') echo "[mysqld] > /mnt/conf.d/server-id.cnf" echo "server-id=$((100 + $ordinal))" >> /mnt/conf.d/server-id.cnf if [ $ordinal -eq 0 ]; then echo "server-id=100" >> /mnt/conf.d/server-id.cnf else echo "server-id=$((100 + $ordinal))" >> /mnt/conf.d/server-id.cnf fi  containers: - name: mysql image: mysql:5.7 env: - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD valueFrom: secretKeyRef: name: mysql-secret key: password ports: - containerPort: 3306 volumeMounts: - name: mysql-persistent-data mountPath: /var/lib/mysql volumeClaimTemplates: - metadata: name: mysql-persistent-data spec: accessModes: [ "ReadWriteOnce" ] resources: requests: storage: 10Gi 

部署步骤总结

1. 创建Namespace和Secret：定义用于隔离MySQL集群的环境和密码。
2. 配置ConfigMap：存储主节点和从节点的配置文件。
3. 配置网络服务：创建Headless Service和读写分离Service，以便正确路由流量。
4. 部署StatefulSet：使用StatefulSet部署MySQL主从集群，确保每个节点有独立身份和持久化数据。

通过以上步骤，您可以在Ubuntu上成功搭建一个MySQL主从集群。请根据实际需求和环境调整配置。