What are relative locators in Selenium 4.0?

The relative or friendly locators in Selenium 4.0 are available with the tagname attribute of the element.

• above() - Webelement located above with respect to the specified element.

  Syntax −

  driver.findElement(withTagName(“<<tagnamevalue>>”).above(element));

• below() - Webelement located below with respect to the specified element.

  Syntax −

  driver.findElement(withTagName(“<<tagnamevalue>>”).below(element));

• toLeftof() - Webelement located to the left of the specified element.

  Syntax −

  driver.findElement(withTagName(“<<tagnamevalue>>”).toLeftOf(element));

• toRightOf() - Webelement located to the right of the specified element.

  Syntax −

  driver.findElement(withTagName(“<<tagnamevalue>>”).toRightOf(element));

Code Implementation with relative Locators.

Example

import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.Keys; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import static org.openqa.selenium.support.locators.RelativeLocator .withTagName; public class RelLocator {    public static void main(String[] args) {       System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\Users\ghs6kor\Desktop\Java\chromedriver.exe");       WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();       String url = "https://www.tutorialspoint.com/about/about_careers.htm";       driver.get(url);       // maximizing browser with maximize()       river.manage().window().maximize();       driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);       WebElement head_label = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("li[class='heading']"));       // getting the link text just below head_label web element       String txt = driver.findElement(withTagName("a").below(head_label))       .getText();       System.out.println("The text below heading is " + txt);       WebElement write =       driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[text()='Write for us']"));       // getting the heading just above Write for us web link       String txtabove = driver.findElement(withTagName("li").above(write))       .getText();       System.out.println("The text above link is " + txtabove);       WebElement searchinp =       driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='search']"));       // getting the search button to the right of edit box searchinp.       driver.findElement(withTagName("button").toRightOf(searchinp))       .click();       WebElement prntlnk =       driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[@class=' hide-on-mobile']"));       // getting the previous page link to the left of prntlnk.       String prevlink =       driver.findElement(withTagName("a").toLeftOf(prntlnk))       .getText();       System.out.println("The text left of link is " + prevlink);       driver.close();    } }