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Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 13th Edition Chapter 6 - Application Software
Chapter 6 of 'Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow' covers the definition and types of application software, including ownership rights and the differences between installed and web-based software. It details key functionalities of word processing, spreadsheet, database, and presentation software, along with common commands and formatting techniques. Additionally, the chapter discusses various multimedia and graphics software, their uses, and other types of application software available.
Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 13th Edition Chapter 6 - Application Software
- 1. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition Chapter 6: Application Software
- 2. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 2 Learning Objectives 1. Describe what application software is, the different types of ownership rights, and the difference between installed and Web-based software. 2. Detail some concepts and commands that many software programs have in common. 3. Discuss word processing and explain what kinds of documents are created using this type of program. 4. Explain the purpose of spreadsheet software and the kinds of documents created using this type of program.
- 3. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 3 Learning Objectives 5. Identify some of the vocabulary used with database software and discuss the benefits of using this type of program. 6. Describe what presentation graphics and electronic slide shows are and when they might be used. 7. List some types of graphics and multimedia software consumers frequently use. 8. Name other types of application software programs and discuss what functions they perform.
- 4. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 4 Software Ownership Rights • Commercial software: Copyrighted software that is developed usually by a commercial company, for sale to others • Shareware: Copyrighted software distributed on the honor system; consumers should either pay for it or uninstall it after the trial period • Freeware: Copyrighted software programs that are given away by the author for others to use free of charge • Public domain software: Software that is not copyrighted and ownership rights have been donated to the public domain • Open source software: Programs with source code made available to the general public
- 5. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition Desktop vs. Mobile Software • Mobile phones and mobile devices typically require mobile software – Specifically designed for a specific type of device – Wide range of software available 5
- 6. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 6 Online Video “Zillow iPhone App” (click below to start video) Reminder: The complete set of online videos and video podcasts are available at: www.cengage.com/computerconcepts/np/uc13 Courtesy Zillow
- 7. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 7 Installed vs. Web-Based Software • Installed software: Must be installed on the computer before it can be run – Can be purchased in physical form – Can be downloaded from the Internet
- 8. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 8 • Web-based software: Run directly from the Internet – Also called Software as a Service (SaaS) and cloudware – Includes free software and fee- based software available via an application service provider (ASP) Installed vs. Web-Based Software
- 9. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 9 Software Suites • Software suite: Collection of software programs bundled together and sold as a single software package – Office suites are used by most businesses/individuals to produce documents • Typically include: – Word processing software – Spreadsheet software – Database software – Presentation graphics software – Additional productivity tools like calendars, messaging programs, or collaboration tools – Provides a common interface among programs in the suite
- 10. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 10 Common Software Commands • Application programs today have a number of concepts and commands in common – Toolbars – Menus – Command buttons – Keyboard shortcuts – Ribbon – Mini toolbar
- 11. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 11 The Ribbon • Used in Microsoft Office 2007 and later • Commands are organized into groups located on tabs • Contexual: Commands appear as they are appropriate
- 12. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 12 Editing a Document • Editing a document: Changing the content of the document, such as inserting or deleting words – Insertion point: Indicates the current location in a document, which is where the changes will be made – Typing text will insert it – Delete and Backspace key will delete text – Text and objects can typically be selected to be moved, copied, deleted, or formatted
- 13. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 13 Formatting a Document • Formatting a document: Changing the appearance of the document – Changing font face, size, style, or color – Changing line spacing or margins – Adding page numbers or borders
- 14. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 14 Getting Help • Help for software programs – Often built into the program • Table of Contents • Browsing • Search – Online help (via manufacturer’s Web site and independent sites) – Offline help (periodicals, books, tutorial videos, classes)
- 15. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 15 Word Processing Concepts • Word processing: Using a computer and word processing software to create, edit, save, and print written documents such as letters, contracts, and manuscripts • Word processing software: Application software used to create, edit, save, and print written documents • Common programs: – Microsoft Word – Corel WordPerfect – Apple Pages
- 16. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 16 Creating a Word Processing Document • Word wrap: Automatically returns the insertion point to the next line when the end of the screen line is reached • Character formatting (font face, size, style, or color) • Paragraph formatting (line spacing, indentation, tabs, alignment, and styles) • Page formatting (margins, paper size, orientation, headers, footers, etc) • Document formatting (footnotes, end notes, table of contents, index, background, theme)
- 17. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 17 Tables, Graphics, and Templates • Tables: Allow content to be organized in a table consisting of rows and columns • Graphics or drawing features: Allow images to be inserted into a document (clip art, photographs, drawn images, etc.) and then modified • Templates: Help users create new documents quickly
- 18. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 18 Word Processing on the Web • Most word processing programs today include Web- related features allowing you to: – Send a document as an e-mail message – Include Web page hyperlinks in documents – Create or modify Web pages – Create and publish blogs – Collaborate with others online
- 19. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 19 Spreadsheet Concepts • Spreadsheet software: Used to create electronic spreadsheets • Spreadsheets: Documents containing a group of numbers and other data organized into rows and columns • Worksheet: A single spreadsheet • Workbook: A collection of worksheets saved in a single file • Most widely used spreadsheet programs: – Microsoft Excel – Corel Quattro Pro – Apple Numbers
- 20. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 20 Creating a Spreadsheet • Worksheets are divided into rows and columns • Cell: The intersection of a row and a column – Each cell is identified by a cell address – Cell pointer marks current cell – Groups of cells are called ranges or blocks; can be selected with mouse or keyboard – Data is entered into current cell
- 21. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 21 Entering Data into a Spreadsheet Cell • Cells can contain: – Labels: Text-based entry in a worksheet cell that identifies data on the worksheet – Constant values: Numerical entry in a worksheet cell – Formulas: Performs mathematical operations on the content of other cells • Usually reference cell address, not the current data in a cell • Use mathematical operators + - / * ^ • e.g. =B8+C8+D8 – Functions: Named programmed formula • e.g. @SUM(B8..D8)
- 22. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 22 Absolute vs. Relative Cell Referencing • Relative cell references: Cell addresses are adjusted as the formula is copied – The default in most spreadsheet programs – e.g. B6 • Absolute cell references: Cell addresses are not adjusted as the formula is copied – Used when the formulas should always use the value in a particular cell, regardless of in which cell the formula is placed, such as for: • Constant value (sales tax rate, etc.) • Percent computation (always divide by total) – e.g. $B$6
- 23. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 23 Charts and What-If Analysis • Most spreadsheet programs include some type of charting or graphing capability – Can create charts from the data in the spreadsheet (don’t have to reenter it) – Charts change accordingly if the data in the spreadsheet changes • What-if analysis (sensitivity analysis) & Goal Seeking – Allows you to change certain numbers on a spreadsheet and immediately see the results of that change – Tool frequently used to help make business decisions
- 24. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 24 Spreadsheets and the Web • Most spreadsheet programs have built-in Web capabilities, such as to: • Save the current worksheet as a Web page • Insert hyperlinks inserted into worksheet cells • Select and copy ranges of cells to a Web publishing or word processing program to insert spreadsheet data into a Web page as a table • Collaborate online
- 25. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 25 Database Concepts • Database: A collection of related data that is stored in a manner enabling information to be retrieved as needed • Database management system (DBMS): Software that allows the creation and manipulation of an electronic database • Most widely used database programs – Microsoft Access – Oracle Database – IBM DB2
- 26. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 26 Database Concepts • Most PC-based databases are relational databases and organized into fields (columns), records (rows), and tables – Field (column): A single type of data to be stored in a database – Record (row): A collection of related fields – Table: collection of related records – Database file: Collection of related tables
- 27. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 27 Database Concepts
- 28. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 28 Microsoft Access • Databases contain a variety of objects (such as tables, queries, forms, reports)
- 29. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 29 Creating a Database
- 30. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 30 Creating a Database – Entering Data
- 31. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 31 Queries and Reports • Query: A question; a request for specific information from the database – Contains criteria to specify the records and fields to be included in the query results – Is named and saved so it can be run again at a later time – Results always include the current database data • Reports: Created when a more formal output is desired – Associated with either a table or a query – Data is displayed in the specified format – Does both summary and detail reporting
- 32. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 32 Queries
- 33. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 33 Databases and the Web • Many Web sites use one or more databases to: – Keep track of inventory – Allow searching for people, documents, products, or other information – Place real-time orders • Anytime you type keywords in a search site or hunt for a product on a retail store’s Web site using its search feature, you are using a Web database
- 34. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 34 Presentation Graphic Concepts • Presentation graphic: An image designed to visually enhance a presentation – Can be used in electronic slide shows, as well as in printed reports • Slide: A one-page presentation graphic that can be displayed in a group with others to form an electronic slide show
- 35. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 35 Microsoft PowerPoint Corel Presentations Apple Keynote
- 36. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 36 Creating a Presentation • Templates and preformatted slide layouts can often be used • New slides can be added as needed • Slides can contain a variety of elements – Text – Images – Charts – Audio clips – Video clips • Slides can be formatted as needed • Multimedia and animation can be added to slides – Animation – Transitions
- 37. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 37 Finishing a Presentation • Slide sorter view: Used to rearrange the slide order • Show can be set up to run automatically or on mouse clicks • Can add speaker notes, recorded narration, etc. • Can print the slides to create overhead transparencies or an audience handout • Speaker tools: – Speaker notes and pens – Presenter view
- 38. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 38 Presentation Graphics and the Web • Presentation graphics programs can be used to generate Web pages or Web page content • Slides can include hyperlinks • Users can usually control Web-based presentations accessed via a Web browser
- 39. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 39 Graphics and Multimedia Concepts • Graphics: Graphical images, such as digital photographs, clip art, scanned drawings, and original images created using a software program • Multimedia: Typically refers to any application that contains more than one type of media – Often used to refer to audio or video content • Large variety of graphics and multimedia software, such as to: – Create or modify graphics – Edit digital audio or video – Play multimedia files – Burn CDs and DVDs
- 40. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 40 Graphics Software MS Paint Adobe Illustrator, CorelDRAW PhotoShop, Corel PaintShop Photo, Apple iPhoto
- 41. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 41 Audio Editing Software • Audio editing software: Used to create and edit audio files (narrations, podcasts, etc.) – Capture sound from a microphone – Capture sound from a CD using ripping software – Edit and apply special effects – Windows Sound Recorder, Apple Garage Band, etc.
- 42. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 42 Video Editing and DVD Authoring Software • Video editing software: Used to modify existing videos – Prepare video clips for presentations or Web sites • DVD authoring software: Used to create DVD content – Importing videos, creating menus, burning onto a DVD • DVD burning software: Used to record data on recordable or rewritable DVDs – Roxio Creator, Apple iMovie/iDVD, etc.
- 43. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 43 Video Editing Software
- 44. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 44 Media Players • Media players: Programs designed to play audio and video files – Music CDs, downloaded music, online audio – Downloaded and online video – RealPlayer, Apple QuickTime, Windows Media Player, etc.
- 45. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 45 Graphics, Multimedia, and the Web • Graphics and multimedia software is often used by individuals and businesses alike to create Web sites or content to be shared via the Web – Games – Tutorials – Videos – Demonstrations – Other content • Creating multimedia Web sites is discussed in Chapter 10
- 46. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 46 Other Types of Application Software • Desktop and personal publishing software • Educational software • Entertainment software • Reference software • Note taking software and Web notebooks
- 47. Understanding Computers: Todayand Tomorrow, 13th Edition 47 Other Types of Application Software • CAD and other types of design software • Accounting and personal finance software • Project management, collaboration, and remote access software