CSE-202
Introduction to
Programming
C O N D U C T E D B Y:
KAZI HASSAN ROBIN,
A S S O C I AT E P R O F E S S O R ,
D E P T. O F C O M P U T E R S C I E N C E & E N G I N E E R I N G
E - M A I L : R O B I N 1 @ C S E .W U B . E D U . B D
PHONE: 01820547352
Introduction to Programming | CSE-202
Week-1; Lecture 1
What is Programming
Programming is a way to “instruct the computer to
perform various tasks”.
“Instruct the computer”: this basically means that
you provide the computer a set of instructions that
are written in a language that the computer can
understand. The instructions could be of various
types. For example: Adding 2 numbers, Rounding off
a number, etc.
What are programming languages
Just like we humans can understand a
few languages (English, Spanish,
Mandarin, French, etc.), so is the case
with computers. Computers understand
instructions that are written in a specific
syntactical form called a programming
language.
Brief History of Programming
First programmer
Charles Babbage Invented the Analytical
Engine. His companion, Ada Augusta
Lovelace, is considered to be the first
programmer in history.
Brief History of Programming (cont’d)
The programming languages are evolved to great
extent over past few decades from Assembly
Language to Kotlin and Swift.
Assembly Language - the first in this list is a low-level
programming language and works closure to
hardware and specific to computer architecture.
Brief History of Programming (cont’d)
Fortran was the first effectively implemented high-level
language that introduced variables as we know them now,
loops, procedures, statement labels and much more.
The earliest versions of Fortran had many unique features,
often awkward, later kept along for compatibility. It is still
widely used in engineering applications that require much
array manipulation.
The newest version, Fortran 90, has converged toward other
popular programming languages.
Brief History of Programming (cont’d)
What is C?
C is a computer programming language. That means you can
use C to create lists of instructions for a computer to follow.
C is often called a compiled language. This means that once
you write your C program, you must run it through a C
compiler to turn your program into an executable that the
computer can run (execute).
Who invented C?
C, computer programming language developed in
the early 1970s by American computer scientist
Dennis M. Ritchie at Bell Laboratories (formerly
AT&T Bell Laboratories).
C was designed as a minimalist language to be used
in writing operating systems for minicomputers. The
language was devised during 1969–73, alongside the
early development of the UNIX operating system.
Steps of Learning C
The C Character Set
A character denotes any alphabet, digit or special symbol
used to represent information. The following figure shows
the valid alphabets, numbers and special symbols allowed in
C.
Constants, Variables and Keywords
The alphabets, numbers and special symbols
when properly combined form constants,
variables and keywords.
In our next lecture we will get introduced
with constants, variables and keywords
Assignment - 01
Part- 01
Present the evolvement of programming languages over time (from
1951 to till to date). Break the evolvement in decade interval and
discuss the languages introduced in every decade.
Part- 02
Find out the five most in demand programming languages of now and
for next five years. Write their features and purpose in brief.
Part- 03
Write a critical review of 300 words justifying why you shall learn C
before learning any of the most in demand languages of 2020.