GPSTrackingSystem

APROJECTREPORT

Submittedby
ANGSUMAN
PATRAKAILASHCHANDRAHANSD
AH
SHASHANKSHEKHAR

Underthe guidanceof
[Link]

in partial fulfillment for the award of the

degreeof
BachelorofTechnology
in
ComputerScienceEngineering

INTERNATIONALINSTITUTEOFINFORMATIONTE
CHNOLOGY
Bhubaneswar (Odisha)
[June2013]

[Typetext]
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
&ITINTERNATIONALINSTITUTEOFINFORM
ATION
TECHNOLOGYBHUBANESWAR(ODISHA)

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “GPS Tracking

System”submitted by
AngsumanPatra,Kailash Chandra
Hansdah&ShashankShekharisapproved for the award of Degree of
Bachelor of Technology inComputerScience &Engineering.

EXTERNALEXAMINER PROJECT GUIDE

DATE: DATE:

CO-

ORDINATORDEPARTMENT

OF CSE AND IT,IIIT

BHUBANESWAR

DATE:7thJune2013
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to express our special thanks of gratitude to our Guide –

Prof. who gave us the golden opportunity to do this
wonderful project on the topic “GPS Tracking System” , which also
helped us in doing a lot of Researchand we came to know about
[Link] arereally thankful to them. Secondly we would like to
thankour parents and friends who helped us a lot in finishing this project
within the limited time.

Signature of the

studentName of the

Student:Kailash Ch.
Hansdah(B109007)ShashankSh

ekhar

(B109047)AngsumanPatra

(B109007)
CONTENTS

SerialNo Title Pageno

1 INTRODUCTION………………………….
1.1 PURPOSE
1.2 SCOPE
1.3 OBJECTIVE
1.4 LITERATURESTUDY
1.4.1. COMPONENTS
1.4.2. POSITIONING
1.4.3. NAVIGATION
1.4.4. TIMING
1.4.5. APPLICATION
2 SYSTEM
ANALYSIS…………………………………..
2.1. SPECIFICREQUIREMENT
2.2. HARDWAREDESCRIPTION
2.3. SOFTWARE
2.4. DEVELOPMENTENVIROMENT
2.5. EMBEDEDSYSTEMARCHITECTURE
3 DESIGN…………………….........................
3.1. SRS(SoftwareRequirementSpecification)
3.1.1. Purpose
3.1.2. Scope
3.1.3. SystemFeature
3.1.4. FunctionalRequirement
[Link]. ParseLocation
[Link]. SendLocation
[Link]. UpdateLog
[Link]. View Log
[Link]. DeleteLogEntry
[Link]. ShowLocation
3.1.5. Non-FunctionalRequirement
3.2. OBJECTRELATIONALMODEL
3.3. SEQUENCEDIAGRAM
3.4. ANALYSISCLASSDIAGRAM
3.5. ACTIVITYDIAGRAM
4. SYSTEMTESTING…………………………

4.1. Screenshot1
4.2. Screenshot2
4.3. Screenshot3

5. OUTPUTANDREPORT………………………

6. CONCLUSION&

FUTUREENHANCEMENT…………………..

7. BIBLIOGRAPHY………………………………
1. INTRODUCTION:
A GPStracking unitisadevicethat uses the Global PositioningSystem
(GPS) to determine the precise location of a vehicle, person, or other asset towhich it
is attached and to record the position of the asset at regular intervals. Therecorded
location data can be stored within the tracking unit, or it may be
transmittedtoacentrallocationdatabase,or internet-connected computer, using
acellular (GPRS or SMS), radio, or satellite modem embedded in the unit. This
allowsthe asset's location to be displayed against a map backdrop either in real time or
whenanalysingthe track later,usingGPStracking software.

1.1. Purpose:

A wide range of tracking systems has been developed so far tracking

vehiclesand displaying their position on a map, we can also use the systemthat has
beendeveloped to tracks the mobility of a human being. Now a day's tracking a
person'smobility has become a crucial issue these days be it tracking a criminal came
onpayrollor adetectivegoingtodetect a caseoranyotherutility.

1.2. Scope:

Global Positioning System has numerous applications. The earliest

applicationwas military. Boaters were the first civilians to use GPS extensively for
navigation, asdead reckoning is prone to error. Many high-end cars have a GPS
navigation systemwhich serves much the same purpose as a marine GPS. Some
athletes are turning toGPS to track speed and distance. A few digital cameras have a
GPS receiver whichrecords the location where the picture was taken. So far, I've listed
only one-wayapplications. Two-way applications include cell phones when calling the
emergencynumberand vehicletracking.

1.3. Objective:

Theglobalpositioningsystem,morecommonlyreferredtoasGPS,isaradiofrequencynaviga
[Link]
litarypurposes,buthassincebecomeavailabletonon-
[Link]
ace-BasedPositioning,NavigationandTiming,theobjectivesofGPS are to provide
accurate positioning, navigation and atomic timing services on
acontinuousandfreebasis.
1.4 LiteratureSurvey:

1.4.1. Components:
GPS is comprised of three main segments: space, control and users. The
spacesegment consists of a constellation of U.S. satellites, placed so that at least
threesatellites are positioned above the horizon from any point on earth. PNT states
that
asofOctober2009,[Link]
stations located worldwide charged with monitoring the GPS system. Theusersegment
is madeupofGPSreceivers.
1.4.2. Positioning :
GPS provides the user with a precise location by utilizing radio
[Link] GPS receiver translates the information from at least three GPS
satellites toprovidetheuserwithatwo-
dimensionallocationoflatitudinalandlongitudinalposition on earth. If a fourth satellite
is available, then the receiver can provide theuser with three-dimensional location
information, which includes altitude in additiontolatitude and longitude.
1.4.3. Navigation:
Navigation enables a user to process his current location based on GPS
dataand travel to his desired location, also based on accurate GPS data. Any user with
aworking GPS receiver can navigate to a particular destination, whether traveling
onfoot,byautomobile,[Link].
1.4.4. Timing :
Time is the fourth dimension that GPS is set up to provide, by
synchronizingeach GPS receiver to the GPS satellites to provide accurate time to the
user. The timeisaccuratetoonehundred-
[Link] because each GPS
satelliteincludes severalatomic clocks.
1.4.5. Applications :
In addition to military use, GPS has multiple civilian applications. GPS
hasenabled many businesses to operate more efficiently and effectively by
providingaccurate time. Commercial and public transportation companies can save
time andmoney by routing their carriers to less-congested areas. The average traveller
can useGPS to find the nearest coffee shop, book store or gas station. GPS also can be
used toenhance survivalrates in search-and-rescue missions. The possibilities are
endless,andas the useof GPS technologyincreases, sowill thepotential applications.
2. SYSTEMANALYSIS:
OBJECTIVE:

The objective of this chapter is to study the specific requirementhardware ,

softwaredesignandits function.

2.1. SPECIFICREQUIREMENT:

Arduinocansensetheenvironmentbyreceivinginputfromavarietyofsensorsandca
naffectitssurroundingsbycontrollinglights,motors,[Link]
erontheboardisprogrammedusingthe Arduinoprogramming language (based on
Wiring) and the Arduino development environment(based on Processing). Arduino
projects can be stand-alone or they can
communicatewithsoftwarerunningonacomputer ([Link], Processing,MaxMSP).
Theboardscanbebuiltbyhandorpurchasedpreassembled;thesoftwarecanbe downloaded
[Link](CADfiles)areavailable under an open-source
license, you are free to adapt them as per yours projectrequirement.

2.2. HARDWAREDESCRIPTION:

FortheGPStrackingsystemwehavethreemodulethatwillbeattachedtoeachother.
Thisthreemoduletogether willperform asa GPStrackingsystem.
 Arduinouno-R3
 GPS shield
 GPRSshield

2.2.1. ARDUINOUnoR3:
The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based onthe
ATmega328 (datasheet).It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6
canbeusedasPWMoutputs),6analoginputs,a16 MHz
ceramicresonator,aUSBconnection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button.
It contains everythingneeded to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a
computer with a USBcableorpower it with aAC-to-DCadapter orbatterytoget started.
The Uno differs from all preceding boards in that it does not use the FTDI USB-to-
serial driver chip. Instead, it features the Atmega16U2 (Atmega8U2 up to version
R2)programmedasaUSB-to-serial converter.

Revision 2 of the Uno board has a resistor pulling the 8U2 HWB line to
ground,makingit easierto put into DFU mode.
Revision3 ofthe boardhas thefollowingnewfeatures:
 Pinout: added SDA and SCL pins that are near to the AREF pin and two
othernew pins placed near to the RESET pin, the IOREF that allow the shields
[Link],shieldswillbecompatible
both with the board that use the AVR, which operate with 5V
[Link]
, that is reserved for futurepurposes.
 StrongerRESETcircuit.
 Atmega16U2 replacethe8U2.

“Uno" means one in Italian and is named to mark the upcoming release
ofArduino 1.0. The Uno and version 1.0 will be the reference versions of
Arduino,moving forward. The Uno is the latest in a series of USB Arduino boards,
and thereference model for the Arduino platform; for a comparison with previous
versions,seetheindexof Arduinoboards.
Summary:

Microcontroller ATmega328
OperatingVoltage 5V
Input
7-12V
Voltage(recom
mended)
InputVoltage(limits) 6-20V
DigitalI/OPins 14(of which 6providePWM output)
Analog InputPins 6
DCCurrentperI/OPin 40mA
DCCurrentfor3.3VPin 50mA
32 KB (ATmega328) of which 0.5 KB used
Flash Memory
bybootloader
SRAM 2KB(ATmega328)
EEPROM 1KB(ATmega328)
ClockSpeed 16MHz

Power:

The Arduino Uno can be powered via the USB connection or with an
externalpowersupply. Thepowersourceisselected automatically.
External (non-USB) power can come either from an AC-to-DC adapter (wall-wart)
orbattery. The adapter can be connected by plugging a 2.1mm center-positive plug
intothe board's power jack. Leads from a battery can be inserted in the Gnd and Vin
pinheadersof thePOWER connector.
The board can operate on an external supply of 6 to 20 volts. If supplied with less
than7V, however, the 5V pin may supply less than five volts and the board may
beunstable. If using more than 12V, the voltage regulator may overheat and damage
[Link] rangeis 7 to 12 volts.
Thepower pinsareas follows:
 VIN.
TheinputvoltagetotheArduinoboardwhenit'susinganexternalpowersource(asopp
osedto5voltsfromtheUSBconnectionorotherregulatedpowersource).Youcansup
plyvoltagethroughthispin,or,ifsupplyingvoltagevia the power jack,accessit
through thispin.
 [Link] pin outputs a regulated 5V from the regulator on the board. The
boardcan be supplied with power either from the DC power jack (7 - 12V), the
USBconnector(5V), or theVIN pin of the board(7-12V). Supplying voltage
viathe 5V or 3.3V pins bypasses the regulator, and can damage your board.
Wedon'tadviseit.
 3V3. A 3.3 volt supply generated by the on-board regulator. Maximum
currentdrawis 50 mA.
 [Link].
 IOREF. This pin on the Arduino board provides the voltage reference
withwhich the microcontroller operates. A properly configured shield can read
theIOREF pin voltage and select the appropriate power source or enable
voltagetranslatorson theoutputs forworkingwith the5Vor3.3V.

Memory:

TheATmega328 has32KB(with0.5KBusedforthebootloader).Italsohas
2KBofSRAMand1KBofEEPROM(whichcanbereadandwrittenwiththeEEPROM
library).

InputandOutput:

Eachofthe14digitalpinsontheUnocanbeusedasaninputoroutput,usingpinMode(),
digitalWrite(), and digitalRead() functions. They operate at
5volts.Eachpincanprovideorreceiveamaximumof40mAandhasaninternalpull-
upresistor(disconnectedbydefault)of20-
[Link],somepinshavespecializedfunctions:
 Serial: 0 (RX) and 1 (TX). Used to receive (RX) and transmit (TX)
TTLserialdata. Thesepinsareconnected to thecorrespondingpins of
theATmega8U2 USB-to-TTLSerialchip.
 External Interrupts: 2 and 3. These pins can be configured to trigger
aninterrupt on a low value, a rising or falling edge, or a change in value.
SeetheattachInterrupt()function for details.
 PWM: 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11. Provide 8-bit PWM output
withtheanalogWrite() function.
 SPI: 10 (SS), 11 (MOSI), 12 (MISO), 13 (SCK). These pins support
SPIcommunicationusingtheSPIlibrary.
 LED: 13. There is a built-in LED connected to digital pin 13. When the pin
isHIGHvalue, theLED ison,when thepin isLOW,it's off.

TheUnohas6analoginputs,labeledA0throughA5,eachofwhichprovide 10bits of
resolution (i.e. 1024 different values). By default they measure from ground to5 volts,
though is it possible to change the upper end of their range using the AREFpin and
the analogReference() function. Additionally, some pins have
specializedfunctionality:
 TWI: A4 or SDA pin and A5 or SCL pin. Support TWI
communicationusingtheWirelibrary.
Thereareacouple ofotherpins ontheboard:
 [Link] voltageforthe [Link]().
 Reset. Bring this line LOW to reset the microcontroller. Typically used to
addareset button to shields which block theoneon theboard.

Communication:
TheArduinoUnohasanumberoffacilitiesforcommunicatingwithacomputer,anoth
erArduino,[Link] ATmega328 providesUART TTL (5V) serial
communication, which is available on digital pins 0 (RX) and1 (TX). An
ATmega16U2 on the board channels this serial communication over USBand appears
as a virtual com port to software on the computer. The '16U2 firmwareuses the
standard USB COM drivers, and no external driver is needed. However, onWindows,
a .inf file is required. The Arduino software includes a serial monitor whichallows
simple textualdata tobe senttoand fromthe Arduinoboard. The RX andTX LEDs on
the board will flash when data is being transmitted via the USB-to-serialchip and USB
connection to the computer (but not for serial communication on pins 0and1).
ASoftwareSeriallibrary
allowsforserialcommunicationonanyoftheUno'sdigitalpins.
The ATmega328 alsosupports I2C (TWI)[Link]
includes a Wire library to simplify use of the I2C bus;
seethedocumentationfordetails. ForSPIcommunication,use theSPIlibrary.

Automatic(Software)Reset:

Rather than requiring a physical press of the reset button before an upload,
theArduino Uno is designed in a way that allows it to be reset by software running on
[Link](DTR)oftheATmega8U2/16U
2is connected to the resetline of the ATmega328 via a 100Nano farad capacitor. When
this line is asserted (taken low), the reset line drops longenough to reset the chip. The
Arduino software uses this capability to allow you toupload code by simply pressing
the upload button in the Arduino environment. Thismeans that the boot loader can
have a shorter timeout, as the lowering of DTR can bewell-coordinatedwith the start
of theupload.
This setup has other implications. When the Uno is connected to either a
computerrunning Mac OS X or Linux, it resets each time a connection is made to it
fromsoftware (via USB). For the following half-second or so, the bootloader is
running onthe Uno. While it is programmed to ignore malformed data (i.e. anything
besides anupload of new code), it will intercept the first few bytes of data sent to the
board [Link]-
timeconfiguration or other data when it first starts, make sure that the software with
whichit communicates waits a second after opening the connection and before sending
thisdata.
The Uno contains a trace that can be cut to disable the auto-reset. The pads
oneither side of the trace can be soldered together to re-enable it. It's labeled "RESET-
EN". You may also be able to disable the auto-reset by connecting a 110 ohm
resistorfrom5V to thereset line;see this forum threadfor details.

USBOvercurrentProtection:

The Arduino Uno has a resettable polyfuse that protects your computer's
[Link]
protection, the fuse provides an extra layer of [Link] more than 500mA is
applied to the USB port, the fuse will automatically break the connection untiltheshort
or overload is removed.

PhysicalCharacteristics:

ThemaximumlengthandwidthoftheUnoPCB are2.7and2.1inchesrespectively,
with the USB connector and power jack extending beyond the formerdimension. Four
screw holes allow the board to be attached to a surface or case. Notethat the distance
between digital pins 7 and 8 is 160 mil (0.16"), not an even multipleofthe 100 mil
spacingofthe other pins.
2.2.2. GPSshield:

[Link]
attach easily to the shield,you will be able to locate your exact positionwithin a few
meters. Here's where we are. GPS also gives you amazingly accuratetime!A GPS
quick start guideis available forthisproduct.

With the GPS Shield you can add GPS functionality toArduino. A
connectorfor the popular EM-406 GPS receiver is populated on the board, and
footprints forEM-408 and EB-85A/FV-M8 connectors are also made available
(connectors are notsoldered on or included and can be found below inthe related
items). The regularGPS pins (RX, TX, PPS, etc.) are also broken out to a 10-pin 0.1"
pitch header, and asmallprototyping areaisalso provided.

The DLINE/UART switch switches the GPS module's input/output

betweenArduino'sstandardTX/RX pinsor any digitalpinson the
Arduino(defaultsettinguses pins 3 and 2 connected to TX and RX, respectively). The
regular GPS pins (RX,TX, PPS, etc.) are broken out to a 10-pin 0.1" pitch header, and
a small prototypingarea isalsoprovided. An ON/OFF switch isincluded which
controlspower totheGPS module. Additionally,the Arduino resetswitch is alsobrought
out.

Includes:

 GPS Shield
 EM-406GPS Module
 EM-406InterfaceCable
 SetofStackableHeaders

Features:
 EM-406connectorpopulated
 EM-408 and EB-85A connector footprints provided and connected for
optionaluse
 UP501connector andfootprint
 Coin cell battery socket footprint provided and connected for optional
batterybackupofEB-85AGPSmodule
 StandardArduinosizedshield
 Prototypingarea
 GPS serial and PPS signals broken out to a 0.1" header for additional
deviceconnections
 Arduinoresetbutton
 DLINE/UARTswitchcontrolsserialcommunications
 ON/OFFswitchcontrolspowertoGPSmodule

2.2.3. GPRSModule:(SM5100B)

Description:

TheSM5100Bisaminiature,quad-bandGSM850/EGSM900/DCS1800/PCS
1900 module, which can be integrated into a great number of wirelessprojects. You
can use this module to accomplish almost anything a normal cell phonecan-SMS
textmessages, GSM/GPRS, TCP/IP, andmore!

This module features two UARTS, an SPI interface, and two 10-bit ADCs. It

alsosupports Li-ion battery charging, a 4x6 keypad, and an LCD interface.

Inputs/outputsare available for a speaker and microphone. An antenna does come
attached to themodule.

Powersuppliedtothemoduleshouldberegulatedbetween3.3-4.2VDC(3.6Vnominal).
You can connect it up to a mating 60-pin, surface mountconnector, oryou can
pairthismodule withour SM5100B evaluationboard. There isnoSIMsocketon
theactualcellmodule,youmightwant toconsiderusingourSIMcard breakoutboard

Features:

 Temperaturerange:-10-55°C(operating),-40-85°C(storage)
 Connection:60 pins, matingconnector sold separately
 PowerSupply:VBAT:3.3Vto4.2Vrange,3.6Vtypical
PowerConsumption:
 Offmode:<100uA
 Sleepmode:<2.0mA
 Idlemode:<7.0mA(average)
 Communicationmode:350mA(average,GSM)
 Communicationmode:2A(TypicalpeakduringTXslot,GSM).
 FrequencyBands:EGSM900 +GSM850+DCS1800+PCS1900

TransmitPower:
 Class4 (2W)forEGSM900/GSM850
 Class1 (1W) forDCS1800/PCS1900
 SupportedSIMcard:3V/1.8VSIMcard.(autorecognize)
 4x6keyboardinterfaceavailable
 UART0interfacewithflow control,up to460kbps
 UART1interfacewithoutflow control,two-wireinterface,up to460kbps
 LCDinterfaceavailable,overSPI

2.3 SOFTWARE:

TheArduino integrateddevelopmentenvironment (IDE)is a cross-platform

application written in Java, and is derived from the IDE for the
Processingprogramminglanguage andthe Wiring
[Link] to artists and other newcomers
unfamiliar with software development. Itincludes a code editor with features such as
syntax highlighting,brace matching, andautomatic indentation, and is also capable of
compiling and uploading programs to theboardwith asingle click.

A program or code written for Arduino is called a sketch Arduino programs

arewritten in C or C++. The Arduino IDE comes with a software library called
"Wiring"from the original Wiring project, which makes many common input/output
[Link]
cyclicexecutiveprogram:

 The Arduino IDE uses the GNU tool chain and AVR Library to
compileprograms,and usesavrdudetoupload programs tothe board.
 As the Arduino platform uses Atmel microcontrollers, Atmel's
developmentenvironment, AVR Studio or the newer Atmel Studio, may
also be used todevelopsoftwarefor the Arduino

2.4 DEVELOPMENTENVIRONMENT:

Arduino is open source hardware: the Arduino hardware reference designs

aredistributed under a Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike 2.5 license and
areavailable on the Arduino Web site. Layout and production files for some versions
ofthe Arduino hardware are also available. The source code for the IDE is available
andreleasedunderthe GNUGeneralPublicLicenseversion2.0.

Although the hardware and software designs are freely available under
copyleft licenses, the developers have requested that the name "Arduino" be exclusive
tothe official product and not be used for derivative works without permission.
TheofficialpolicydocumentontheuseoftheArduinonameemphasizesthattheprojectis
open to incorporating work by others into the official product . Several Arduino-
compatible products commercially releasedhave avoidedthe"Arduino" name
byusing"-duino"name variants.

2.5 EmbeddedSystemsArchitecture:

Middlewareissoftwarethathasbeenabstractedoutoftheapplicationlayerfor a
variety of reasons. One reason is that it may already be included as part of theoff-the-
shelfOS package.

Other reasons to remove it from the application layer are: to allow

reusabilitywith other applications, to decrease development costs or time by
purchasing itoff-the-shelf-through a third party vendor, or to simplify application
code. The remainingsections of this chapter define what middleware and application
software is or isn't,andprovidereal-
worldpseudocodeexamplesofmiddlewareandapplicationsoftware.

Middleware:

In the most general terms, middleware software is any system software that
isnot the OS kernel, device drivers, or application software. Note that some OSes
mayintegrate middleware into the OS executable (see Chapter 9). In short, in an
embeddedsystemmiddlewareissystemsoftwarethattypicallysitsoneitherthedevicedriver
soron top of theOS, andcan sometimes beincorporated within theOS itself.
Figure -1

Middleware is usually the software that mediates between application

softwareand the kernel or device driver software. Middleware is also software that
mediatesand serves different application software. Specifically, middleware is an
abstractionlayer generally used on embedded devices with two or more applications in
order toprovideflexibility,security,portability,connectivity,intercommunication,and/
orinteroperabilitymechanisms between applications.

Oneofthemainstrengthsinusingmiddlewareisthatitallowsforthereduction of the
complexity of the applications by centralizing software infrastructurethat would
traditionally be redundantly found in the application layer. However, inintroducing
middleware to a system, one introduces additional overhead, which
[Link],middlewareimpactstheembeddeds
ystem at all layers.

There are many different types of middleware elements, including

messageoriented middleware (MOM), object request brokers (ORBs), remote
procedure calls(RPCs), database/database access, and networking protocols above the
device driverlayer and below the application layers of the OSI model. However, most
types ofmiddlewarecommonlyfallunderoneoftwogeneralcategories:general-
purpose,meaning they are typically implemented in a variety of devices, such as
networkingprotocols above the device driver layer and below the application layers of
the OSImodel,filesystems,[Link]-
specific,meaning they are unique to a particular family of embedded systems, such as
a digitalTVstandard-based softwarethat sits on an OS orJVM.

Whether general purpose or market-specific, a middleware element can

befurthercategorizedas proprietary,meaningitisclosedsoftwaresupportedbyacompany
that licenses it to others for use, or open, meaning it is standardized by
someindustrycommitteeandcan beimplemented and/or licensedbyanyinterested party.

More complex embedded systems usually have more than one

middlewareelement,sinceitisunusualtofindonetechnologythatsupportsallspecifiedappli
[Link],theindividualmiddlewareelementsare
typicallyselectedbasedupontheirinteroperabilitywitheachother,soastoavoidlaterproble
ms in integration.

In some cases, integrated middleware packages of compatible

middlewareelements are available commercially, off-the-shelf, for use in embedded
systems, suchas the Sun embedded Java solutions, Microsoft's .NET Compact
Framework,
andCORBAfromtheObjectManagementGroup(OMG),[Link]
OS vendors also provide integrated middleware packages that run "out-of-the-
box"with their respectiveOS and hardwareplatform.
3. DESIGN:
There are already a lot of applications which use the geo-positioning.
Garmin,one of the famous GPS manufacturer, proposes maps of almost every
countries in
[Link]
for different kind of public: road maps and tracking, topologic maps fortechnicaljob
like geologist(for instance),light’smapforpilots,etc.

Also it exist, for mountain activities like free ride, hacking, those
automaticsignaling systems which switch on as soon as the rider get caught by an
avalanche forexample. It transmits a radio signal to the closest relay and indicate the
exact positionof the victim. It helps for the search and often save lives. The portable
Tom-tom GPSproposesa full navigation system with vocal indication.

Thelistofgeo-positioningapplicationsishugeandasimplesearchontheInternetgiveshundred
web sites talkingabout thetopic.

USECASEDiagram:

Figure -2

3.1. SRS(SoftwareRequirement Specification):

3.1.1. Purpose

TheSoftwareRequirementSpecification(SRS)willprovideadetaileddescription
of the requirement forGPS Tracking System . This SRS will allow for acomplete
understanding of what is to be expected of the GPS Tracking System to
[Link] SRS will usedforconstructing.

3.1.2. Scope
The GPS tracking system will enable a user to track online any object
attachedwithtrackingdevicethroughabrowser,forsecurity,location,routeplanningpurpos
es.

3.1.3. Systemfeatures

[Link] Thesystemshouldprovidecurrentlocationoftheobjectbeingtrackedat
request.
[Link] Thesystemshouldlogpositionoftheobjectbeingtrackedatafixedintervalo
f time.
[Link] Thesystem should letadmin to deleteoredit locationlog.

3.1.4. FunctionalRequirement

[Link]. ParseLocations

Description : This function will run on the device at every fixed interval
oftimeto readthe input fromGPS receiver andget thelocationdata.

Input:[Link]:Lo
cation dataand time stamp.
[Link]. Send Location

Description : This function runs on the device to send the location data
andtime stamp to the server. On receiving the time stamp from the server it
knowsthatthe location data hasbeen logged for thesaid time

Input: Location data and

timestamp .Output: Timestamp.

[Link]. UpdateLog
Description:Storesthelocationdatareceivedtothetable.
Input:Locationdata
andtimestampOutput:Timestampoftheupd
atedentry.

[Link]. View Log

Description :Function to view the [Link]

:Request to view the
log .Output:Loggedlocationdata.

[Link]. DeleteLogEntry

Description : Allows admins to delete logged

entryInput: Timestamp of the entry.
Output: Entrydeleted acknowledgement .

[Link]. ShowLocation

Description:Allowsusertogetcurrentlocationofthedeviceorthelocationat
agiven time.
Input:Timestamp
Output: Locationatthegiventime

3.1.5. NonFunctionalRequirement
Web support
Theusercan track the deviceusingthe web-browser
3.2 Object Relational

ModelsIntroduction:

Afterdevelopingtheobjectrelationalmodels,CRCcards,andusecasenarratives,
the next step is to plan out the relation of objects. To accomplish this,
wehavecreatedcommunication,activity,andanalysisdiagramstogowithourpreviously
created object relational models. Using these developmental tools, we canfurther
understand how the objects in our system interact with each other and theoutside
[Link] final goal remains to create a Global Positioning Tracking
Systemthatincludes two waycommunication and remotevehicleoperation.

GPSTrackingandLocation:

The user [Link] the

system interface within the vehicle that is linked together to the GPStracking unit, and
through the GPS 2-way communication is provided to the Basestation. At the base
station is where the database is located and through that relationinfo is saved in which
the user through all its relations can generate reports back to theuser.

Figure -3

Location Table (Table-1)

ID Latitude Longitude Date Altitude Course Speed Created
Time at

[Typetext]
TwoWayCommunication

The user interacts with the system interfacewhich through itsrelationswiththe

communicator, it can send it into the communicator from there it is able to send
ittoanother systeminterfacethat is within avehicle.

Figure -4

LockingandUnlockingof object:

The USER is able to login to the system interface, the driver through
thesystem interface in the vehicle request an unlock command. The system
interfacewithinthevehicleis able to receivecommands, andunlock thevehicle.

The dispatchers are also able to login to the system interface to set
[Link]
cted to the system and is able to connect to the report system in order togenerate
reports to the USER either the system interface or into system interface at
apcomputer.

[Typetext]
3.3 SequenceDiagramsGPS

TrackingandLocation

Figure-5

Twowaycommunication

Figure -6

[Typetext]
LockingandUnlockingof Object:

Figure -7

Communication

DiagramGPSTrackingandLo

cation:

[Typetext] Figure -8
TwoWayCommunication:

Figure -9

LockingandUnlockingof Object:

Figure -10

[Typetext]
3.4. Analysis Class

DiagramsGPSTrackingand

Location

Whentrackingthevehicle,theusercanviewalocationlogandfilereports;thesereport
sareviewablebyathirdparty, suchasthe dispatcher’smanager.

Privileges Users

+Idhas +UserId
Manager
+isDispatcher +first_name
+isManager +last_name
1..* * isa
+isSystemController +email
+password
1..*

SystemController isa Views

isa
ReportForm
0..*
+SetPrivileges() isa +ReportID
Driver Dispatcher generates +VehicleName
0..*+Date
+TurnsOnVehicle() +PrintReportForm()1..* +MapLocations
+TurnsOffVehicle()

1..*
0..1

operates obtainsinformationfrom

1 1
GPS TrackingUnit
+SerialNumber
Vehicle +Lattitude GPSBaseStation
isequipedwith Transfers Data +BaseStationID
+VinNumber +Longitude
+VehicleName +UpdateUnitLocations()
1 1 1..* 1

Figure -11

[Typetext]
TwoWayCommunication

The communication process begins with theuser sending commands to the

GPStracking unit attached to the [Link] the unit receives this data, it relays it to
thenecessary components for either communication with the driver or remote
objectmanipulation.

Dispatcher Unlock/LockLog
SetPriviledges
1
+ViewUnlock/LockLog() Interactswith 1..* +vehiclename
+Update Unlock/LockLog() +vehiclelocation
1 +vehiclelockstatus
+RequestUnlockCommand()
+vehicledriver

isa
Users

+first_name
+last_name
+email isa
+password
RequestUnlockCommand
+Privledges
+VehicleID
Interactswith
+ManagerID
+UnlockVehicle()
0..*

isa isa
0..*

isa controls Requests

Driver GenerateReport
+Startdate
Sends
+Unlock/LockManually() +enddate
+VehicleID
+Lattitude
1
+Longitude

1
SetStandardVehicleDisableTimes Reports
Canperform 0..*
+disablestarttime
SystemController
+disableendtime 0..*
0..* 1..*
0..*+enablestarttime
10..* +SetUserPriviledges() +enablesendtime Manager
+SetvehicleDisableTimes() +vehicleID
Unlocks/LockManually +ManagerID 1 +BypassStandardTimes()
0..* 1 +UnlockVehicle()
+DisableVehicle()
+Set StandardAutoLocktimes()
+EnableVehicle()
+SetStandardDisable times()
+REquestUnlock command()
1
+GenerateReports()

0..*

SetStandardAutoLockTimes canperform
0..*
+autolocktimes
+vehicleID UnlockVehicle
Bypass StandardTimes
+ManagerID
+bybasstime +vehicleID
+managerID +managerID
+bypassreason +Reason
+UnlockVehicle()

Figure -12

[Typetext]
LockingandUnlockingof Object:

The three final goals of our system is to allow the dispatcher to track
themovements of trucks through a GPS satellite system, communicate with the
driversand allow them to respond, and enable remote vehicle unlocking and locking.
Eachstep begins with the operator successfully entering their verification information
andlogginginto the system.

Privileges Users

+id has +id

+isDispatcher +first_name
+isManager +last_name
+isSystemController 1..* * +email
+password

isa
isa
isa isa

SystemController Driver Manager Dispatcher

+setPrivileges() +receiveMessage() +sendMessage() +enterMessage()

1 1 1

Recieves Sends
Enters
* * *
MessageLog Message

+id has +id

+message_id +title
+body
1 1..*
+updateLog() +timestamp
+viewLog()

Figure -13

[Typetext]
3.5. ActivityDiagrams

GPSTrackingandLocation:

Figure -14

[Typetext]
TwoWayCommunication:

User

RequestLogin RequestLogin LoginControl No

AccountExists

SetPrivledges AccountManager Yes No

EnterMessage

ReceiveMessage SendMessage

UpdateLog

ViewLog

Figure -15

GPSProjectbyKAILASH,ANGSUMAN,SHASHANK
4. SYSTEMTESTING:
System testing of software or hardware is testing conducted on a
complete,integrated system to evaluate the system's compliance with its specified
[Link] testing falls within the scope of black box testing, and as such,
should requirenoknowledgeof theinner design of thecodeor logic.

As a rule, system testing takes, as its input, all of the "integrated"

softwarecomponents that have successfully passed integration testing and also the
softwaresystemitselfintegratedwithany
applicablehardwaresystem(s).Thepurposeofintegration testing is to detect any
inconsistencies between the software units that areintegrated together (called
assemblages) or between any of the assemblages and thehardware. System testing is a
more limited type of testing; it seeks to detect defectsbothwithin the"inter-
assemblages" and alsowithin the systemasawhole.

4.1. Screenshot1:

[Link]'sbaudrate is set
to 4800. It shows that the GPS Module is working as expected and theArduino is
sending the data to the serial port. One set of data is received every 20seconds. The
position data is accurate. Date and time are not correct at first, but thenafter afew
minutes it starts sendingcorrect date-time.

GPSProjectbyKAILASH,ANGSUMAN,SHASHANK
4.2. Screenshot2

This picture shows the output of the python program that reads the serial
data,parsesit,[Link]
the position values to float type. The date-time value is stored in string.
Thisdictionarydata is then sentto the server whichstores it in thedatabase.

4.3. Screenshot3:

GPSProjectbyKAILASH,ANGSUMAN,SHASHANK
Thisisthescreenshotoftheservershowingthelastupdatedpositionofthegps
module. The position is very accurate. We tested it in our hostel, and the
positionmarkedin themap is theexact position wewereat.

GPSProjectbyKAILASH,ANGSUMAN,SHASHANK
5. OUTPUT:
Global Positioning System to determine the precise location (Longitude
&Latitude) of a vehicle, person, or other asset to which it is attached and to record
theposition of the asset at regular intervals. The recorded location data can be
storedwithin the tracking unit, or it may be transmitted to a central location data base,
orinternet-connectedcomputer,usingacellular(GPRSorSMS),radio,orsatellitemodem
embedded in the unit. This allows the asset's location to be displayed against
amapbackdropeither in realtimeor whenanalyzingthe track later.

GPSProjectbyKAILASH,ANGSUMAN,SHASHANK
6. CONCLUSION&FUTURE ENHANCEMENT
A GPS also known as a Global Positioning System is a great technology that
isused to track objects around the world. The technology was developed by the
USmilitaryinanattempttomakesuccessmoreseamlessforthemilitary–thistechnology is
now being used all over the world and it is highly reliable that it is veryclear that this
technology will be of more importance in the near future. You
mighthearaboutthelatestGPStrackingsystemmakingthebuzzorwhomadeorisusingthetec
hnologymostbutthefactis,whatmattersmostisn’ttheoriginofthetechnology or who uses
it but what is in it foryou. There is no point in usingsomething if you won’t be gaining
anything from it. Many companies use GPS fleettracking software with their service
employees and this has helped them reduce
[Link]
acking system.

Advantage:

GPSTrackingSystemCanbeUsedtoLocateLostItems:

The crime rate keeps on increasing in every part of the world and a lot
ofhighly valuable objects have been, and will, be stolen. It doesn’t matter how
irrelevantyou think an object or equipment is to others if it is something that is very
expensiveyou should make sure you install a GPS tracking system on it; for example,
a $2million violin was once stolen from a café in London and the owner had a hard
timefinding it, if the owner of this highly expensive violin had installed a GPS
trackingsystemin herviolin it willbe veryeasyforher to locate it.

It is almost impossible to reduce the crime rate in the world because

newtechnologiesareemerginganditisnewtechnologiesthatencouragecrimeandstealing;
however, you can make it easier for you to track any valuable objectyouown by
installing a GPStrackerinit.

GPSTrackingSystemCan be UsedtoTrackThings and People:

GPSProjectbyKAILASH,ANGSUMAN,SHASHANK
One great function of a GPS tracking system is that it can be used to track
anythingirrespectiveofitbeingstaticorflexible,itcanalsobeusedtotrackpeopleandanimals
depending on what you need it for. Another great feature of a GPS trackingsystem
that makes it better is the alarm system it has; for example, you can easilyinstall a
GPS tracking system in a vault where valuable goods are so that you can
bealarmedanytimesomeoneistryingto steal them. You can also use theGPS
technology
toensurethingsaregoingfinewithpeopleworkingforyouespeciallyifthey’redoingajobthatr
equiresahighlevelofsecurityandconfidentiality; this will be able to track them
anywhere they go and when they gothere.

GPSTrackingSystemCan be Used AnywhereintheWorld:

AnaddedadvantageoftheGPStrackingsystemisthatitcanbeusedanywhere in the
world; it doesn’t matter whether you’re in Africa or Asia the GPStechnology is
powered by the world satellites and this means it can be
accessibleanywhere;allyouneed isasolid trackingsystemand aGPS receiver.

Disadvantages:

 SometimestheGPSmayfailduetocertainreasonsandinthatcaseyouneedtocarryaba
ckup map and directions.
 If you are using GPS on a battery operated device, there may be a
batteryfailureandyoumayneedaexternalpowersupplywhichisnotalwayspossible.
 Sometimes the GPS signals are not accurate due to some obstacles to
thesignalssuchasbuildings,treesandsometimesbyextremeatmosphericconditions
such as geomagneticstorms.

Benefits:

 Benefits include the prevention of labor fraud, speeding, idling,

unauthorizedvehicleusage,[Link]
mediatelyexperiencedbyGPSInsightclients.
 For parents, it takes some of the worry out of your kids driving long
[Link]
expectthemhome.

 For baby-boomers, the shoe is on the other foot - it helps to take some of
theworryoutofyour elderlyparentsdrivinghome fromvacation orjust driving

GPSProjectbyKAILASH,ANGSUMAN,SHASHANK
around town. You know where they are and this allows them to be
moreindependent.
 GPS tracking is customer service at its finest. You know instantly which
ofyourdrivers is closest tothe customer needinghelp.
 Imagine how thrilled your customers will be when you can tell them
exactlywhento expect their delivery!
 For employers, using GPS tracking allows you to know how fast
youremployees are driving, how long a break they are taking (vehicle
hasn’tmoved), and if theyare wheretheysaytheyare!
 GPStrackingalsoallows
youtomonitorfuelusagebasedonhowfastyouremployee is driving and the
automatic mileage feature reminds you
toschedule,regularpreventativemaintenance.
 GPS tracking is customer service at its finest! You know instantly which
ofyour drivers is closest to the customer needing help. And Imagine how
thrilledyour customers will be when you can tell them exactly when to expect
theirdelivery!
 GPS Tracking can eliminate the need for having your truckers fill out
drivinglogs.
 Many insurance companies now offer discounts for vehicles protected
withtrackingsystems.

AdvancementinGPStrackingsystem:

Asglobalpositioningtechnologycontinuestoevolve,sotooistheGPStracking
software often used with many GPS tracking [Link] the combinedpower of the
Internet, and computer and satellite technology, GPS tracking softwarefor use with
any GPS tracking device has grown to include more options than [Link]
you will find highlights of the latest features and advancements in theindustryof GPS
trackingsoftware.

Real-TimeUpdates:

DependingontheGPStrackingdeviceused,GPStrackingsoftwarecanprovide real-
time, on screen reporting on the specific location of a person, parcel orvehiclefromany
[Link] particularfeatureofGPStrackingsoftware has provided a cost-
effective GPS tracking solution for several
industriesincludingaviation,shippingandcommercialfishing,whereaGPStrackingdevice
can likelybefoundattached to everycompanyasset.

Mapping:

Once considered to provide only crude renditions of the actual terrain,

themappingcapabilitiesofGPStrackingsoftwarehaveimprovedgreatlyoverthelast
GPSProjectbyKAILASH,ANGSUMAN,SHASHANK
few [Link] many types of GPS tracking software fully integrating with
readilyavailable resources such as Google Earth and Microsoft Virtual Earth, GPS
trackingsoftwarecannowprovidedetailedrealphotomapsofthelocationofanyGPStracking
[Link],someGPStrackingsoftwareapplicationswillnowaccommodate the use
of customized digital, paper or marine maps in the event thatstandardmappingoptions
do not provide theneeded details.

SimultaneousTracking:

GPS tracking software can now be used to track and map the location of
morethan one GPS tracking device at a [Link] highly- sophisticated technology,
GPStracking software now offers the ability to see an entire fleet of vehicles, given
thateachoneis fitted with aGPS trackingdevice, ononescreen.

WebApplications:

As the speed of Internet connections continues to increase, the ease of

offeringonline-based GPS tracking software does as [Link] providers of GPS
trackingsoftware are now offering web-based access to GPS tracking software for a
monthlysubscription or yearly licensing [Link] major advantage of web-based GPS
trackingsoftware is that the software is constantly updated by the provider, leaving
little or nomaintenance forthe subscriber to be concerned with.

In addition, some providers of web-based GPS tracking software will

allowprivate-branding of their applications so that licensees can sell subscriptions to
theirown [Link] presents a unique opportunity for any GPS tracking
devicedealer or entrepreneur who wants to create residual monthly income based on
sellingGPS tracking software subscriptions to the customer who purchases a GPS
trackingdevice.

GPS tracking software and GPS tracking devices, like most other forms
oftechnologyincludingcomputersandcellphones,haveexperiencedgreatadvancements in
the last decade. As the cost of the average GPS tracking devicecontinues to decline,
GPS tracking is becoming more affordable and in demand forindividuals and small
businesses than ever before, making GPS tracking and GPStrackingsoftwareoneofthe
smartest business choices of the21st Century.

7. BIBLIOGRAPHY

[Link]

GPSProjectbyKAILASH,ANGSUMAN,SHASHANK
[Link]

[Link]

[Link]
f=10&sid=823df9a5e63392b64eb0e93ea4843b6f

GPSProjectbyKAILASH,ANGSUMAN,SHASHANK