Hibernate - Create, Read, Update and Delete (CRUD) Operations Example

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In this tutorial, we will demonstrate how to perform basic CRUD (Create, Read, Update, and Delete) operations using Hibernate framework 6 with a Book entity.

Prerequisites

Before we start, ensure you have the following:

• Java Development Kit (JDK) installed
• Apache Maven installed
• MySQL database installed and running (or any other relational database)
• An IDE (such as IntelliJ IDEA, Eclipse, or VS Code) installed

Step 1: Setting Up the Project

1.1 Create a Maven Project

1. Open your IDE and create a new Maven project.

2. Configure the pom.xml file with the following content:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.example</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-crud-example</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <dependencies> <!-- Hibernate and JPA --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate.orm</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>6.4.0.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>jakarta.persistence</groupId> <artifactId>jakarta.persistence-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </dependency> <!-- MySQL Connector --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.26</version> </dependency> <!-- SLF4J for logging --> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>1.7.32</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId> <version>1.7.32</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <configuration> <source>17</source> <target>17</target> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project> 

1.2 Configure Hibernate

Create a persistence.xml file in the src/main/resources/META-INF directory with the following content:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <persistence xmlns="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/persistence" version="3.0"> <persistence-unit name="examplePU"> <provider>org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider</provider> <class>com.example.hibernatecrud.model.Book</class> <properties> <property name="jakarta.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/your_database_name"/> <property name="jakarta.persistence.jdbc.user" value="your_username"/> <property name="jakarta.persistence.jdbc.password" value="your_password"/> <property name="jakarta.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/> <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect"/> <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/> <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true"/> <property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true"/> </properties> </persistence-unit> </persistence> 

Replace your_database_name, your_username, and your_password with your MySQL database credentials.

Step 2: Creating the Entity Class

Create a Book class in the com.example.hibernatecrud.model package:

package com.example.hibernatecrud.model; import jakarta.persistence.Entity; import jakarta.persistence.GeneratedValue; import jakarta.persistence.GenerationType; import jakarta.persistence.Id; @Entity public class Book { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) private Long id; private String title; private String author; private double price; // Getters and Setters public Long getId() { return id; } public void setId(Long id) { this.id = id; } public String getTitle() { return title; } public void setTitle(String title) { this.title = title; } public String getAuthor() { return author; } public void setAuthor(String author) { this.author = author; } public double getPrice() { return price; } public void setPrice(double price) { this.price = price; } } 

Step 3: Creating the DAO Class

Create a DAO class to manage CRUD operations in the com.example.hibernatecrud.dao package:

package com.example.hibernatecrud.dao; import com.example.hibernatecrud.model.Book; import javax.persistence.EntityManager; import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory; import javax.persistence.Persistence; import javax.persistence.TypedQuery; import java.util.List; public class BookDao { private EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("examplePU"); public void saveBook(Book book) { EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager(); em.getTransaction().begin(); em.persist(book); em.getTransaction().commit(); em.close(); } public void updateBook(Book book) { EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager(); em.getTransaction().begin(); em.merge(book); em.getTransaction().commit(); em.close(); } public Book getBookById(Long id) { EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager(); Book book = em.find(Book.class, id); em.close(); return book; } public List<Book> getAllBooks() { EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager(); TypedQuery<Book> query = em.createQuery("SELECT b FROM Book b", Book.class); List<Book> books = query.getResultList(); em.close(); return books; } public void deleteBook(Long id) { EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager(); em.getTransaction().begin(); Book book = em.find(Book.class, id); if (book != null) { em.remove(book); } em.getTransaction().commit(); em.close(); } } 

Step 4: Creating the Main Class

Create a Main class in the com.example.hibernatecrud package to test the CRUD operations:

package com.example.hibernatecrud; import com.example.hibernatecrud.dao.BookDao; import com.example.hibernatecrud.model.Book; import java.util.List; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { BookDao bookDao = new BookDao(); // Create and save a new book Book book = new Book(); book.setTitle("Hibernate in Action"); book.setAuthor("Gavin King"); book.setPrice(49.99); bookDao.saveBook(book); System.out.println("Book saved."); // Fetch and print all books List<Book> books = bookDao.getAllBooks(); books.forEach(b -> System.out.println(b.getTitle() + " - " + b.getAuthor() + " - " + b.getPrice())); // Update a book book.setPrice(39.99); bookDao.updateBook(book); System.out.println("Book updated."); // Fetch and print the updated book Book updatedBook = bookDao.getBookById(book.getId()); System.out.println("Updated Book: " + updatedBook.getTitle() + " - " + updatedBook.getAuthor() + " - " + updatedBook.getPrice()); // Delete a book bookDao.deleteBook(updatedBook.getId()); System.out.println("Book deleted."); } } 

Conclusion

In this tutorial, we demonstrated how to perform basic CRUD operations using Hibernate 6.4 with a Book entity. We configured the project with Maven, set up Hibernate and JPA, created an entity class, a DAO class, and a main class to test the CRUD operations. By following these steps, you can effectively manage data persistence in your Java applications using Hibernate and JPA.