java - Spring security - creating 403 Access denied custom response

Java - Spring security - creating 403 Access denied custom response

Creating a custom 403 Access Denied response in a Spring Security application involves customizing the AccessDeniedHandler. Here's how you can do it:

Step-by-Step Guide

Step 1: Implement a Custom AccessDeniedHandler

Create a class that implements AccessDeniedHandler and override the handle method to define your custom response.

import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException; import org.springframework.security.web.access.AccessDeniedHandler; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.IOException; @Component public class CustomAccessDeniedHandler implements AccessDeniedHandler { @Override public void handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AccessDeniedException accessDeniedException) throws IOException, ServletException { response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_FORBIDDEN); response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8"); response.getWriter().write("{\"error\": \"Forbidden\", \"message\": \"" + accessDeniedException.getMessage() + "\"}"); } }

In this example, the custom response is a JSON object containing an error message.

Step 2: Configure Spring Security to Use the Custom AccessDeniedHandler

Update your Spring Security configuration to use the custom handler.

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter; import org.springframework.security.web.access.AccessDeniedHandler; @Configuration @EnableWebSecurity public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter { @Autowired private AccessDeniedHandler customAccessDeniedHandler; @Override protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http .authorizeRequests() .antMatchers("/admin/**").hasRole("ADMIN") .anyRequest().authenticated() .and() .exceptionHandling() .accessDeniedHandler(customAccessDeniedHandler); } }

Step 3: Register the Custom AccessDeniedHandler as a Bean

Make sure that your CustomAccessDeniedHandler is registered as a bean. This is typically done by adding the @Component annotation to your handler class, as shown in Step 1. Alternatively, you can register it manually in a configuration class.

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; @Configuration public class AppConfig { @Bean public AccessDeniedHandler accessDeniedHandler() { return new CustomAccessDeniedHandler(); } }

Full Example

Combining all the steps, here is the complete setup:

Custom AccessDeniedHandler

import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException; import org.springframework.security.web.access.AccessDeniedHandler; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.IOException; @Component public class CustomAccessDeniedHandler implements AccessDeniedHandler { @Override public void handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AccessDeniedException accessDeniedException) throws IOException, ServletException { response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_FORBIDDEN); response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8"); response.getWriter().write("{\"error\": \"Forbidden\", \"message\": \"" + accessDeniedException.getMessage() + "\"}"); } }

Security Configuration

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter; import org.springframework.security.web.access.AccessDeniedHandler; @Configuration @EnableWebSecurity public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter { @Autowired private AccessDeniedHandler customAccessDeniedHandler; @Override protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http .authorizeRequests() .antMatchers("/admin/**").hasRole("ADMIN") .anyRequest().authenticated() .and() .exceptionHandling() .accessDeniedHandler(customAccessDeniedHandler); } }

Application Configuration (Optional)

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; @Configuration public class AppConfig { @Bean public AccessDeniedHandler accessDeniedHandler() { return new CustomAccessDeniedHandler(); } }

With these configurations, when a user tries to access a restricted resource for which they don't have permission, they will receive a custom 403 response.

Examples

  1. Java Spring Security Custom 403 Page

    • Description: Shows how to customize the 403 Access Denied page in a Java Spring Security application to provide a tailored response to users.
    @Configuration public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter { @Override protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http .exceptionHandling() .accessDeniedHandler(accessDeniedHandler()); } @Bean public AccessDeniedHandler accessDeniedHandler() { return new CustomAccessDeniedHandler(); } }

  2. Custom Access Denied Handler in Spring Security

    • Description: Demonstrates the implementation of a custom access denied handler to handle 403 errors in a Java Spring Security application.
    import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException; import org.springframework.security.web.access.AccessDeniedHandler; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.IOException; public class CustomAccessDeniedHandler implements AccessDeniedHandler { @Override public void handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AccessDeniedException accessDeniedException) throws IOException, ServletException { // Custom handling of 403 Access Denied error response.sendRedirect("/error/403"); } }

  3. Spring Security Custom 403 Page Redirect

    • Description: Shows how to redirect users to a custom error page when they encounter a 403 Access Denied error in a Spring Security application.
    import org.springframework.security.web.access.AccessDeniedHandler; import org.springframework.security.web.access.AccessDeniedHandlerImpl; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.IOException; @Component public class CustomAccessDeniedHandler extends AccessDeniedHandlerImpl { @Override public void handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AccessDeniedException accessDeniedException) throws IOException, ServletException { response.sendRedirect("/error/403"); } }

  4. Spring Security 403 Forbidden Custom Response

    • Description: Illustrates how to provide a custom response for 403 Forbidden errors in a Spring Security application.
    import org.springframework.security.web.access.AccessDeniedHandler; import org.springframework.security.web.access.AccessDeniedHandlerImpl; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.IOException; public class CustomAccessDeniedHandler extends AccessDeniedHandlerImpl { @Override public void handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AccessDeniedException accessDeniedException) throws IOException, ServletException { response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_FORBIDDEN); response.getWriter().write("Custom 403 Forbidden Message"); } }

  5. Spring Security Custom Access Denied Page

    • Description: Provides an example of how to create a custom HTML page for displaying a 403 Access Denied error in a Spring Security application.
    <!-- custom_403.html --> <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Access Denied</title> </head> <body> <h1>403 Access Denied</h1> <p>Sorry, you are not authorized to access this page.</p> </body> </html>

  6. Spring Security Custom 403 JSON Response

    • Description: Demonstrates how to return a custom JSON response for 403 Access Denied errors in a Spring Security application.
    import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity; import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler; @ControllerAdvice public class CustomAccessDeniedExceptionHandler { @ExceptionHandler(AccessDeniedException.class) public ResponseEntity<ErrorDetails> handleAccessDeniedException(AccessDeniedException ex) { ErrorDetails errorDetails = new ErrorDetails("Access Denied", ex.getMessage()); return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN) .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON) .body(errorDetails); } }

  7. Spring Security 403 Forbidden Custom Page Mapping

    • Description: Shows how to map custom error pages for 403 Forbidden errors in a Spring Security application.
    @Configuration public class WebMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer { @Override public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) { registry.addViewController("/error/403").setViewName("custom_403"); } }

  8. Spring Security Custom Access Denied Page with Thymeleaf

    • Description: Provides an example of creating a custom Thymeleaf template for displaying a 403 Access Denied error in a Spring Security application.
    <!-- custom_403.html --> <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Access Denied</title> </head> <body> <h1>403 Access Denied</h1> <p>Sorry, you are not authorized to access this page.</p> </body> </html>

  9. Spring Security Custom Access Denied Page Redirect with Controller

    • Description: Illustrates how to redirect users to a custom access denied page using a controller in a Spring Security application.
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; @Controller public class ErrorController { @GetMapping("/error/403") public String accessDenied() { return "custom_403"; } }

  10. Spring Security Custom 403 Response Body with ResponseEntity

    • Description: Demonstrates how to return a custom response body for 403 Access Denied errors using ResponseEntity in a Spring Security application.
    import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity; import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler; @ControllerAdvice public class CustomAccessDeniedExceptionHandler { @ExceptionHandler(AccessDeniedException.class) public ResponseEntity<String> handleAccessDeniedException(AccessDeniedException ex) { return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN) .contentType(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN) .body("Custom 403 Forbidden Message"); } }

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