How to add a custom health check in spring boot health?

How to add a custom health check in spring boot health?

In Spring Boot, you can add custom health checks to the actuator's health endpoint by implementing the HealthIndicator interface. This allows you to define custom logic to determine the health status of various components in your application. Here's a step-by-step guide on how to add a custom health check:

Step-by-Step Guide

1. Create a Custom Health Indicator

Create a class that implements the HealthIndicator interface. This interface requires you to implement the health() method, where you define the logic to check the health status.

import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.Health; import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.HealthIndicator; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class CustomHealthIndicator implements HealthIndicator { @Override public Health health() { // Your custom logic to determine health status int errorCode = check(); // Perform a specific health check if (errorCode != 0) { return Health.down() .withDetail("Error Code", errorCode) .build(); } return Health.up().build(); } // Example method to simulate a health check private int check() { // Perform your health checks here, return 0 for healthy, non-zero for unhealthy // For example, you can check a database connection, external service, etc. return 0; // Simulated healthy status } }

2. Implement Custom Health Check Logic

Inside the health() method, implement your custom logic to check the health status. You can perform checks such as database connectivity, external service availability, file system status, etc.

3. Access the Health Endpoint

Once you have implemented the CustomHealthIndicator class, start your Spring Boot application. You can now access the health endpoint provided by Spring Boot Actuator to see the health status, including your custom health check.

  • Actuator Endpoint: By default, the health endpoint is available at /actuator/health.

Example Output

When you access the /actuator/health endpoint, you should see something like this:

{ "status": "UP", "components": { "custom": { "status": "UP", "details": { "Error Code": 0 } }, "db": { "status": "UP", "details": { "database": "MySQL", "status": "OK" } }, "diskSpace": { "status": "UP", "details": { "total": 1024, "free": 512 } } } }

In this example:

  • "custom": Represents the custom health check you added.
  • "status": "UP": Indicates that the custom health check is healthy.
  • "details": { "Error Code": 0 }: Provides additional details specific to your custom health check.

Notes:

  • Ensure that your Spring Boot application has Actuator enabled. You can enable Actuator by adding spring-boot-starter-actuator dependency in your pom.xml or build.gradle.
  • Custom health indicators allow you to integrate application-specific health checks into Spring Boot's monitoring and management capabilities.
  • Customize the health check logic (check() method in the example) based on your application's requirements and dependencies.

By following these steps, you can easily add custom health checks to your Spring Boot application using Spring Boot Actuator, enhancing monitoring and management capabilities for your application components.

Examples

  1. Spring Boot Actuator custom health check example

    Description: Implementing a custom health indicator in Spring Boot Actuator.

    Code Example:

    import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.Health; import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.HealthIndicator; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class CustomHealthIndicator implements HealthIndicator { @Override public Health health() { // Logic to check the health status int errorCode = check(); // perform some specific health checks if (errorCode != 0) { return Health.down().withDetail("Error Code", errorCode).build(); } return Health.up().build(); } private int check() { // Perform your health checks here // Return non-zero errorCode if check fails return 0; } }

    Explanation: This code defines a custom HealthIndicator bean that performs custom health checks (check() method). It returns Health.up() if the check passes, or Health.down() with details if it fails.

  2. Spring Boot Actuator custom health check with database connectivity

    Description: Implementing a health indicator that checks database connectivity.

    Code Example:

    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.Health; import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.HealthIndicator; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class DatabaseHealthIndicator implements HealthIndicator { @Autowired private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate; @Override public Health health() { try { jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("SELECT 1", Integer.class); return Health.up().build(); } catch (Exception e) { return Health.down().withException(e).build(); } } }

    Explanation: This example uses JdbcTemplate to check database connectivity (SELECT 1 query). It returns Health.up() if successful, or Health.down() with the exception details if there's an error.

  3. Spring Boot Actuator custom health check for external service

    Description: Creating a health indicator that checks connectivity with an external service.

    Code Example:

    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.Health; import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.HealthIndicator; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; @Component public class ExternalServiceHealthIndicator implements HealthIndicator { @Autowired private RestTemplate restTemplate; private static final String EXTERNAL_URL = "https://example.com/health"; @Override public Health health() { try { restTemplate.getForObject(EXTERNAL_URL, String.class); return Health.up().build(); } catch (Exception e) { return Health.down().withException(e).build(); } } }

    Explanation: This code checks connectivity with an external service using RestTemplate. It returns Health.up() if successful, or Health.down() with exception details if the service is unreachable.

  4. Spring Boot Actuator custom health check with complex logic

    Description: Implementing a custom health check with complex business logic.

    Code Example:

    import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.Health; import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.HealthIndicator; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class ComplexHealthIndicator implements HealthIndicator { @Override public Health health() { // Perform complex health checks boolean isHealthy = performComplexChecks(); if (isHealthy) { return Health.up().build(); } else { return Health.down().withDetail("Reason", "Complex checks failed").build(); } } private boolean performComplexChecks() { // Implement your complex logic here return true; // Return true if healthy, false otherwise } }

    Explanation: This example demonstrates a custom health check that performs complex checks (performComplexChecks()). It returns Health.up() if all checks pass, or Health.down() with details if any check fails.

  5. Spring Boot Actuator custom health check for file system

    Description: Implementing a health indicator that checks the status of the file system.

    Code Example:

    import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.Health; import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.HealthIndicator; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.io.File; @Component public class FileSystemHealthIndicator implements HealthIndicator { @Override public Health health() { File disk = new File("/"); if (disk.exists() && disk.canRead() && disk.canWrite()) { return Health.up().build(); } else { return Health.down().withDetail("Error", "File system not accessible").build(); } } }

    Explanation: This code checks the accessibility of the root file system (/). It returns Health.up() if accessible, or Health.down() with an error detail if not.

  6. Spring Boot Actuator custom health check with external configuration

    Description: Creating a health indicator that reads configuration properties for checks.

    Code Example:

    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.Health; import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.HealthIndicator; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class ConfigurableHealthIndicator implements HealthIndicator { @Value("${custom.health.check.enabled}") private boolean healthCheckEnabled; @Override public Health health() { if (healthCheckEnabled) { // Perform health checks boolean isHealthy = performHealthChecks(); if (isHealthy) { return Health.up().build(); } else { return Health.down().withDetail("Error", "Custom health checks failed").build(); } } else { return Health.unknown().withDetail("Info", "Health checks disabled").build(); } } private boolean performHealthChecks() { // Implement custom health checks based on configuration return true; // Return true if healthy, false otherwise } }

    Explanation: This example reads a boolean configuration property (custom.health.check.enabled) to decide whether to perform custom health checks. It returns Health.up(), Health.down(), or Health.unknown() based on the configuration and check results.

  7. Spring Boot Actuator custom health check for caching service

    Description: Implementing a health indicator that checks the status of a caching service.

    Code Example:

    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.Health; import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.HealthIndicator; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class CacheHealthIndicator implements HealthIndicator { @Autowired private CacheService cacheService; @Override public Health health() { try { cacheService.ping(); // Replace with your cache service health check method return Health.up().build(); } catch (Exception e) { return Health.down().withException(e).build(); } } }

    Explanation: This code checks the health of a caching service (CacheService) by invoking its ping() method. It returns Health.up() if successful or Health.down() with exception details if an error occurs.

  8. Spring Boot Actuator custom health check with external API

    Description: Creating a health indicator that checks connectivity with an external API.

    Code Example:

    import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.Health; import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.HealthIndicator; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; @Component public class ExternalApiHealthIndicator implements HealthIndicator { private static final String EXTERNAL_API_URL = "https://api.example.com/health"; private final RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(); @Override public Health health() { try { restTemplate.getForObject(EXTERNAL_API_URL, String.class); return Health.up().build(); } catch (Exception e) { return Health.down().withException(e).build(); } } }

    Explanation: This example checks the connectivity with an external API using RestTemplate. It returns Health.up() if successful or Health.down() with exception details if the API is unreachable.

  9. Spring Boot Actuator custom health check with conditional logic

    Description: Implementing a custom health indicator with conditional health status.

    Code Example:

    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.Health; import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.HealthIndicator; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class ConditionalHealthIndicator implements HealthIndicator { @Autowired private SomeService someService; @Override public Health health() { if (someService.isHealthy()) { return Health.up().build(); } else { return Health.down().withDetail("Info", "Service not healthy").build(); } } }

    Explanation: This code checks the health status using SomeService and returns Health.up() if healthy or Health.down() with details if not.

  10. Spring Boot Actuator custom health check with metrics

    Description: Creating a health indicator that includes custom metrics.

    Code Example:

    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.Health; import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.HealthIndicator; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class MetricsHealthIndicator implements HealthIndicator { @Autowired private MetricsService metricsService; @Override public Health health() { Health.Builder healthBuilder = Health.up(); // Add custom metrics healthBuilder.withDetail("ResponseTime", metricsService.getResponseTime()); healthBuilder.withDetail("Throughput", metricsService.getThroughput()); return healthBuilder.build(); } }

    Explanation: This example includes custom metrics (getResponseTime() and getThroughput()) in the health check response using Health.Builder.

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