Github API - retrieve user commits?

Github API - retrieve user commits?

To retrieve user commits from a GitHub repository using the GitHub API, you need to use the GitHub REST API or GraphQL API. Below are the steps and examples for retrieving commits made by a specific user using the GitHub REST API.

1. Using GitHub REST API

1.1 Retrieve Commits from a Repository

To get commits from a repository, use the following endpoint:

GET /repos/{owner}/{repo}/commits

1.2 Filter Commits by Author

To filter commits by a specific author, use the author query parameter:

GET /repos/{owner}/{repo}/commits?author={username}
  • Replace {owner} with the repository owner (e.g., octocat).
  • Replace {repo} with the repository name (e.g., Hello-World).
  • Replace {username} with the GitHub username of the author.

Example

To get commits by a user octocat in the Hello-World repository, you would use:

curl "https://api.github.com/repos/octocat/Hello-World/commits?author=octocat"

Response

The response will include an array of commits made by the specified user:

[ { "sha": "abc123...", "commit": { "author": { "name": "Octocat", "email": "octocat@github.com", "date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z" }, "message": "Initial commit", ... }, ... }, ... ]

2. Using GitHub GraphQL API

The GraphQL API provides more flexibility and can be used to fetch commits along with other related data.

2.1 Define the Query

You need to write a GraphQL query to fetch commits by a user. Here's an example query to get commits from a repository:

{ repository(owner: "octocat", name: "Hello-World") { ref(qualifiedName: "main") { target { ... on Commit { history(author: {login: "octocat"}) { nodes { sha message committedDate author { name email } } } } } } } }
  • Replace "octocat" with the repository owner.
  • Replace "Hello-World" with the repository name.
  • Replace "octocat" in the author filter with the GitHub username of the author.

2.2 Execute the Query

You can execute this query using a GraphQL client or via a command-line tool like curl:

curl -H "Authorization: bearer YOUR_GITHUB_TOKEN" \ -X POST \ -d '{"query": "{ repository(owner: \"octocat\", name: \"Hello-World\") { ref(qualifiedName: \"main\") { target { ... on Commit { history(author: {login: \"octocat\"}) { nodes { sha message committedDate author { name email } } } } } } }" }' \ https://api.github.com/graphql

Replace YOUR_GITHUB_TOKEN with your personal access token.

Response

The response will include commit details, filtered by the specified author:

{ "data": { "repository": { "ref": { "target": { "history": { "nodes": [ { "sha": "abc123...", "message": "Initial commit", "committedDate": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z", "author": { "name": "Octocat", "email": "octocat@github.com" } }, ... ] } } } } } }

3. Summary

  • REST API:
    • Use GET /repos/{owner}/{repo}/commits?author={username} to retrieve commits by a user.
  • GraphQL API:
    • Write a query to fetch commits by a specific author and execute it via the GraphQL endpoint.

These methods allow you to retrieve commits made by a particular user from a GitHub repository.

Examples

  1. "How to get a list of commits for a user in a specific repository using GitHub API?" Description: Retrieve a list of commits for a specific user in a given repository. Code:

    import requests def get_commits(user, repo, token): url = f'https://api.github.com/repos/{user}/{repo}/commits' headers = {'Authorization': f'token {token}'} response = requests.get(url, headers=headers) commits = response.json() return commits # Usage user = 'octocat' repo = 'Hello-World' token = 'your_github_token' commits = get_commits(user, repo, token) print(commits)

    Explanation: Uses the GitHub API endpoint for commits, requires a personal access token for authentication.

  2. "How to filter commits by author using the GitHub API?" Description: Retrieve commits filtered by a specific author in a repository. Code:

    import requests def get_commits_by_author(user, repo, author, token): url = f'https://api.github.com/repos/{user}/{repo}/commits' params = {'author': author} headers = {'Authorization': f'token {token}'} response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, params=params) commits = response.json() return commits # Usage user = 'octocat' repo = 'Hello-World' author = 'octocat' token = 'your_github_token' commits = get_commits_by_author(user, repo, author, token) print(commits)

    Explanation: Uses the author parameter to filter commits by a specific author.

  3. "How to get the commit history for a specific branch using the GitHub API?" Description: Retrieve commits from a specific branch of a repository. Code:

    import requests def get_commits_by_branch(user, repo, branch, token): url = f'https://api.github.com/repos/{user}/{repo}/commits' params = {'sha': branch} headers = {'Authorization': f'token {token}'} response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, params=params) commits = response.json() return commits # Usage user = 'octocat' repo = 'Hello-World' branch = 'main' token = 'your_github_token' commits = get_commits_by_branch(user, repo, branch, token) print(commits)

    Explanation: Uses the sha parameter to specify the branch for which to retrieve commits.

  4. "How to get detailed information about a specific commit using GitHub API?" Description: Retrieve detailed information about a specific commit. Code:

    import requests def get_commit(user, repo, sha, token): url = f'https://api.github.com/repos/{user}/{repo}/commits/{sha}' headers = {'Authorization': f'token {token}'} response = requests.get(url, headers=headers) commit = response.json() return commit # Usage user = 'octocat' repo = 'Hello-World' sha = 'a1b2c3d4e5f6g7h8i9j0k' token = 'your_github_token' commit = get_commit(user, repo, sha, token) print(commit)

    Explanation: Retrieves detailed information about a commit using its SHA.

  5. "How to get commit history with pagination using the GitHub API?" Description: Retrieve commits with pagination to handle large numbers of commits. Code:

    import requests def get_commits_paginated(user, repo, page=1, per_page=30, token=''): url = f'https://api.github.com/repos/{user}/{repo}/commits' params = {'page': page, 'per_page': per_page} headers = {'Authorization': f'token {token}'} response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, params=params) commits = response.json() return commits # Usage user = 'octocat' repo = 'Hello-World' token = 'your_github_token' page = 1 commits = get_commits_paginated(user, repo, page, token=token) print(commits)

    Explanation: Uses pagination parameters page and per_page to retrieve commits in chunks.

  6. "How to get the latest commit for a file using GitHub API?" Description: Retrieve the latest commit information for a specific file in a repository. Code:

    import requests def get_latest_commit_for_file(user, repo, file_path, token): url = f'https://api.github.com/repos/{user}/{repo}/commits' params = {'path': file_path} headers = {'Authorization': f'token {token}'} response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, params=params) commits = response.json() if commits: return commits[0] return None # Usage user = 'octocat' repo = 'Hello-World' file_path = 'README.md' token = 'your_github_token' latest_commit = get_latest_commit_for_file(user, repo, file_path, token) print(latest_commit)

    Explanation: Filters commits by file path to find the latest commit affecting the file.

  7. "How to get commit history with commit messages only using GitHub API?" Description: Retrieve commits with only their messages for analysis. Code:

    import requests def get_commit_messages(user, repo, token): url = f'https://api.github.com/repos/{user}/{repo}/commits' headers = {'Authorization': f'token {token}'} response = requests.get(url, headers=headers) commits = response.json() messages = [commit['commit']['message'] for commit in commits] return messages # Usage user = 'octocat' repo = 'Hello-World' token = 'your_github_token' messages = get_commit_messages(user, repo, token) print(messages)

    Explanation: Extracts and returns only the commit messages from the list of commits.

  8. "How to get commits within a date range using GitHub API?" Description: Retrieve commits that fall within a specific date range. Code:

    import requests from datetime import datetime def get_commits_by_date(user, repo, since, until, token): url = f'https://api.github.com/repos/{user}/{repo}/commits' params = {'since': since, 'until': until} headers = {'Authorization': f'token {token}'} response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, params=params) commits = response.json() return commits # Usage user = 'octocat' repo = 'Hello-World' since = datetime(2023, 1, 1).isoformat() until = datetime(2023, 12, 31).isoformat() token = 'your_github_token' commits = get_commits_by_date(user, repo, since, until, token) print(commits)

    Explanation: Uses since and until parameters to filter commits within a date range.

  9. "How to get the commit history with the author and date using GitHub API?" Description: Retrieve commits along with author information and commit dates. Code:

    import requests def get_commits_with_author_and_date(user, repo, token): url = f'https://api.github.com/repos/{user}/{repo}/commits' headers = {'Authorization': f'token {token}'} response = requests.get(url, headers=headers) commits = response.json() result = [{'author': commit['commit']['author']['name'], 'date': commit['commit']['author']['date'], 'message': commit['commit']['message']} for commit in commits] return result # Usage user = 'octocat' repo = 'Hello-World' token = 'your_github_token' commits = get_commits_with_author_and_date(user, repo, token) print(commits)

    Explanation: Extracts and returns author names, commit dates, and messages.

  10. "How to get commits for a specific file path and branch using GitHub API?" Description: Retrieve commits affecting a specific file path on a given branch. Code:

    import requests def get_commits_for_file_on_branch(user, repo, file_path, branch, token): url = f'https://api.github.com/repos/{user}/{repo}/commits' params = {'path': file_path, 'sha': branch} headers = {'Authorization': f'token {token}'} response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, params=params) commits = response.json() return commits # Usage user = 'octocat' repo = 'Hello-World' file_path = 'README.md' branch = 'main' token = 'your_github_token' commits = get_commits_for_file_on_branch(user, repo, file_path, branch, token) print(commits)

    Explanation: Uses both path and sha parameters to filter commits by file path and branch.

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