c# - The find element returns empty string..using XPath contains,Text()

C# - The find element returns empty string..using XPath contains,Text()

To change the paper size when using headless Chrome's --print-to-pdf option, you can use the --print-to-pdf-no-header option along with a custom CSS file that specifies the desired paper size.

Here's an example:

  1. Create a CSS file (e.g., custom-print-styles.css) with the following content:
@page { size: A4; /* or specify your desired paper size (e.g., 'letter') */ margin: 0; } body { margin: 20mm; /* Adjust margins as needed */ }
  1. Launch headless Chrome with the --print-to-pdf option and the --print-to-pdf-no-header option along with the custom CSS file:
google-chrome --headless --disable-gpu --print-to-pdf=output.pdf --print-to-pdf-no-header --disable-software-rasterizer --no-sandbox --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-dev-shm-usage --virtual-time-budget=10000 --disable-background-timer-throttling --disable-renderer-backgrounding --no-first-run --enable-automation --disable-background-networking --disable-background-downloads --disable-client-side-phishing-detection --disable-default-apps --disable-extensions --disable-hang-monitor --disable-popup-blocking --disable-prompt-on-repost --disable-sync --disable-web-resources --disable-xss-auditor --no-sandbox --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-dev-shm-usage --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-web-security --remote-debugging-address=0.0.0.0 --remote-debugging-port=9222 --disable-background-timer-throttling --disable-renderer-backgrounding --no-first-run --disable-notifications --disable-infobars --start-maximized --disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows --disable-background-networking --disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows --disable-breakpad --disable-component-extensions-with-background-pages --disable-dev-shm-usage --disable-extensions --disable-features=TranslateUI,BlinkGenPropertyTrees --disable-ipc-flooding-protection --disable-renderer-backgrounding --disable-setuid-sandbox --disable-web-resources --enable-automation --enable-features=NetworkService,NetworkServiceInProcess --no-sandbox --remote-debugging-address=0.0.0.0 --remote-debugging-port=9222 --disable-background-timer-throttling --disable-breakpad --disable-component-extensions-with-background-pages --disable-dev-shm-usage --disable-extensions --disable-features=TranslateUI,BlinkGenPropertyTrees --disable-ipc-flooding-protection --disable-popup-blocking --disable-prompt-on-repost --disable-renderer-backgrounding --disable-setuid-sandbox --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-web-security --enable-automation --enable-features=NetworkService,NetworkServiceInProcess --headless --hide-scrollbars --no-sandbox --remote-debugging-address=0.0.0.0 --remote-debugging-port=9222 --disable-gpu --no-sandbox --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-dev-shm-usage --virtual-time-budget=10000 --disable-background-timer-throttling --disable-renderer-backgrounding --no-first-run --enable-automation --disable-background-networking --disable-background-downloads --disable-client-side-phishing-detection --disable-default-apps --disable-extensions --disable-hang-monitor --disable-popup-blocking --disable-prompt-on-repost --disable-sync --disable-web-resources --disable-xss-auditor --no-sandbox --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-dev-shm-usage --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-web-security --remote-debugging-address=0.0.0.0 --remote-debugging-port=9222 --disable-background-timer-throttling --disable-renderer-backgrounding --no-first-run --disable-notifications --disable-infobars --start-maximized --disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows --disable-background-networking --disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows --disable-breakpad --disable-component-extensions-with-background-pages --disable-dev-shm-usage --disable-extensions --disable-features=TranslateUI,BlinkGenPropertyTrees --disable-ipc-flooding-protection --disable-renderer-backgrounding --disable-setuid-sandbox --disable-web-resources --enable-automation --enable-features=NetworkService,NetworkServiceInProcess --no-sandbox --remote-debugging-address=0.0.0.0 --remote-debugging-port=9222 --disable-background-timer-throttling --disable-breakpad --disable-component-extensions-with-background-pages --disable-dev-shm-usage --disable-extensions --disable-features=TranslateUI,BlinkGenPropertyTrees --disable-ipc-flooding-protection --disable-popup-blocking --disable-prompt-on-repost --disable-renderer-backgrounding --disable-setuid-sandbox --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-web-security --enable-automation --enable-features=NetworkService,NetworkServiceInProcess --headless --hide-scrollbars --no-sandbox --remote-debugging-address=0.0.0.0 --remote-debugging-port=9222 --disable-gpu --no-sandbox --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-dev-shm-usage --virtual-time-budget=10000 --disable-background-timer-throttling --disable-renderer-backgrounding --no-first-run --enable-automation --disable-background-networking --disable-background-downloads --disable-client-side-phishing-detection --disable-default-apps --disable-extensions --disable-hang-monitor --disable-popup-blocking --disable-prompt-on-repost --disable-sync --disable-web-resources --disable-xss-auditor --no-sandbox --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-dev-shm-usage --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-web-security --remote-debugging-address=0.0.0.0 --remote-debugging-port=9222 --disable-background-timer-throttling --disable-renderer-backgrounding --no-first-run --disable-notifications --disable-infobars --start-maximized --disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows --disable-background-networking --disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows --disable-breakpad --disable-component-extensions-with-background-pages --disable-dev-shm-usage --disable-extensions --disable-features=TranslateUI,BlinkGenPropertyTrees --disable-ipc-flooding-protection --disable-renderer-backgrounding --disable-setuid-sandbox --disable-web-resources --enable-automation --enable-features=NetworkService,NetworkServiceInProcess --no-sandbox --remote-debugging-address=0.0.0.0 --remote-debugging-port=9222 --disable-background-timer-throttling --disable-breakpad --disable-component-extensions-with-background-pages --disable-dev-shm-usage --disable-extensions --disable-features=TranslateUI,BlinkGenPropertyTrees --disable-ipc-flooding-protection --disable-popup-blocking --disable-prompt-on-repost --disable-renderer-backgrounding --disable-setuid-sandbox --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-web-security --enable-automation --enable-features=NetworkService,NetworkServiceInProcess --headless --hide-scrollbars --no-sandbox --remote-debugging-address=0.0.0.0 --remote-debugging-port=9222 --disable-gpu --no-sandbox --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-dev-shm-usage --virtual-time-budget=10000 --disable-background-timer-throttling --disable-renderer-backgrounding --no-first-run --enable-automation --disable-background-networking --disable-background-downloads --disable-client-side-phishing-detection --disable-default-apps --disable-extensions --disable-hang-monitor --disable-popup-blocking --disable-prompt-on-repost --disable-sync --disable-web-resources --disable-xss-auditor --no-sandbox --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-dev-shm-usage --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-web-security --remote-debugging-address=0.0.0.0 --remote-debugging-port=9222 --disable-background-timer-throttling --disable-renderer-backgrounding --no-first-run --disable-notifications --disable-infobars --start-maximized --disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows --disable-background-networking --disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows --disable-breakpad --disable-component-extensions-with-background-pages --disable-dev-shm-usage --disable-extensions --disable-features=TranslateUI,BlinkGenPropertyTrees --disable-ipc-flooding-protection --disable-renderer-backgrounding --disable-setuid-sandbox --disable-web-resources --enable-automation --enable-features=NetworkService,NetworkServiceInProcess --no-sandbox --remote-debugging-address=0.0.0.0 --remote-debugging-port=9222 --disable-background-timer-throttling --disable-breakpad --disable-component-extensions-with-background-pages --disable-dev-shm-usage --disable-extensions --disable-features=TranslateUI,BlinkGenPropertyTrees --disable-ipc-flooding-protection --disable-popup-blocking --disable-prompt-on-repost --disable-renderer-backgrounding --disable-setuid-sandbox --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-web-security --enable-automation --enable-features=NetworkService,NetworkServiceInProcess --headless --hide-scrollbars --no-sandbox --remote-debugging-address=0.0.0.0 --remote-debugging-port=9222 --disable-gpu --no-sandbox --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-dev-shm-usage --virtual-time-budget=10000 --disable-background-timer-throttling --disable-renderer-backgrounding --no-first-run --enable-automation --disable-background-networking --disable-background-downloads --disable-client-side-phishing-detection --disable-default-apps --disable-extensions --disable-hang-monitor --disable-popup-blocking --disable-prompt-on-repost --disable-sync --disable-web-resources --disable-xss-auditor --no-sandbox --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-dev-shm-usage --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-web-security --remote-debugging-address=0.0.0.0 --remote-debugging-port=9222 --disable-background-timer-throttling --disable-renderer-backgrounding --no-first-run --disable-notifications --disable-infobars --start-maximized --disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows --disable-background-networking --disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows --disable-breakpad --disable-component-extensions-with-background-pages --disable-dev-shm-usage --disable-extensions --disable-features=TranslateUI,BlinkGenPropertyTrees --disable-ipc-flooding-protection --disable-renderer-backgrounding --disable-setuid-sandbox --disable-web-resources --enable-automation --enable-features=NetworkService,NetworkServiceInProcess --no-sandbox --remote-debugging-address=0.0.0.0 --remote-debugging-port=9222 --disable-background-timer-throttling --disable-breakpad --disable-component-extensions-with-background-pages --disable-dev-shm-usage --disable-extensions --disable-features=TranslateUI,BlinkGenPropertyTrees --disable-ipc-flooding-protection --disable-popup-blocking --disable-prompt-on-repost --disable-renderer-backgrounding --disable-setuid-sandbox --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-web-security --enable-automation --enable-features=NetworkService,NetworkServiceInProcess --headless --hide-scrollbars --no-sandbox --remote-debugging-address=0.0.0.0 --remote-debugging-port=9222 --disable-gpu --no-sandbox --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-dev-shm-usage --virtual-time-budget=10000 --disable-background-timer-throttling --disable-renderer-backgrounding --no-first-run --enable-automation --disable-background-networking --disable-background-downloads --disable-client-side-phishing-detection --disable-default-apps --disable-extensions --disable-hang-monitor --disable-popup-blocking --disable-prompt-on-repost --disable-sync --disable-web-resources --disable-xss-auditor --no-sandbox --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-dev-shm-usage --disable-software-rasterizer --disable-web-security --remote-debugging-address=0.0.0.0 --remote-debugging-port=9222 --disable-background-timer-throttling --disable-renderer-backgrounding --no-first-run --disable-notifications --disable-infobars --start-maximized --disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows --disable-background-networking --disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows --disable-breakpad --disable-component-extensions-with-background-pages --disable-dev-shm-usage --disable-extensions --disable-features=TranslateUI,BlinkGenPropertyTrees --disable-ipc-flooding-protection --disable-renderer-backgrounding --disable-setuid-sandbox --disable-web-resources --enable-automation --enable-features=NetworkService,NetworkServiceInProcess --no-sandbox --remote-debugging-address=0.0.0.0 --remote-debugging-port=9222 --disable-background-timer-throttling --disable-breakpad

Examples

  1. "C# Selenium find element by XPath contains text"

    • Code Implementation:
      IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.XPath("//div[contains(text(), 'desiredText')]")); string text = element.Text;
    • Description: Finds an element using XPath with contains to locate elements with the specified text and retrieves the text using Text property.

  2. "C# Selenium find element by XPath contains attribute value"

    • Code Implementation:
      IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.XPath("//input[contains(@class, 'desiredClass')]")); string attributeValue = element.GetAttribute("class");
    • Description: Locates an element using XPath with contains for an attribute value (e.g., class) and retrieves the attribute value using GetAttribute.

  3. "C# Selenium find element returns empty string XPath contains not working"

    • Code Implementation:
      IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.XPath("//span[contains(text(), 'desiredText')]")); string text = element != null ? element.Text : "Element not found";
    • Description: Handles the scenario where the find element using XPath with contains may return null, preventing an empty string exception.

  4. "C# Selenium XPath contains not finding element"

    • Code Implementation:
      IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.XPath("//*[contains(text(), 'desiredText')]")); string text = element != null ? element.Text : "Element not found";
    • Description: Broadens the XPath expression to * (any element) with contains to avoid missing the element and handles the null scenario.

  5. "C# Selenium find element by partial text with XPath"

    • Code Implementation:
      IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.XPath("//*[contains(text(), 'partialText')]")); string text = element != null ? element.Text : "Element not found";
    • Description: Uses contains in XPath to find elements with partial text matching and handles the null scenario.

  6. "C# Selenium XPath contains not returning expected result"

    • Code Implementation:
      IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.XPath("//*[contains(., 'desiredText')]")); string text = element != null ? element.Text : "Element not found";
    • Description: Uses contains with . (current node) in XPath to search for elements with the desired text.

  7. "C# Selenium find element by XPath with dynamic text"

    • Code Implementation:
      string dynamicText = "desiredText"; IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.XPath($"//*[contains(text(), '{dynamicText}')]")); string text = element != null ? element.Text : "Element not found";
    • Description: Incorporates a dynamic text variable in the XPath expression to find elements with varying text content.

  8. "C# Selenium XPath contains case-insensitive search"

    • Code Implementation:
      IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.XPath("//*[contains(translate(text(), 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ', 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'), 'desiredText')]")); string text = element != null ? element.Text : "Element not found";
    • Description: Utilizes translate function in XPath to perform a case-insensitive search with contains.

  9. "C# Selenium XPath contains not matching specific text"

    • Code Implementation:
      IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.XPath("//*[contains(text(), 'exactText') and not(contains(text(), 'undesiredText'))]")); string text = element != null ? element.Text : "Element not found";
    • Description: Combines contains and not in XPath to find elements with specific text and exclude undesired text.

  10. "C# Selenium find element by XPath with multiple conditions"

    • Code Implementation:
      IWebElement element = driver.FindElement(By.XPath("//*[contains(@class, 'desiredClass') and contains(text(), 'desiredText')]")); string text = element != null ? element.Text : "Element not found";
    • Description: Constructs an XPath expression with multiple conditions (e.g., class and text) to locate a specific element.

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