bash - execute which command over ssh in python script

Bash - execute which command over ssh in python script

To execute a which command over SSH in a Python script, you can use the paramiko library, which allows Python to interact with SSH sessions programmatically. Here's a step-by-step guide to achieve this:

Prerequisites

Make sure you have the paramiko library installed. You can install it using pip if you haven't already:

pip install paramiko

Example Python Script

Here's a Python script that uses paramiko to execute a which command remotely over SSH:

import paramiko # SSH credentials and command hostname = 'your_remote_host_or_ip' port = 22 username = 'your_ssh_username' password = 'your_ssh_password' command = 'which python3' # Establish SSH connection client = paramiko.SSHClient() client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) try: client.connect(hostname=hostname, port=port, username=username, password=password) print(f"Connected to {hostname} via SSH") # Execute the command stdin, stdout, stderr = client.exec_command(command) # Read the output output = stdout.read().decode('utf-8').strip() error = stderr.read().decode('utf-8').strip() if error: print(f"Error: {error}") else: print(f"Command '{command}' output: {output}") finally: # Close the SSH connection client.close() print(f"Disconnected from {hostname}")

Explanation:

  1. Imports and Credentials:

    • Import paramiko for SSH functionality.
    • Define hostname, port, username, password for your SSH connection.
    • Define command as the which command you want to execute remotely (which python3 in this case).

  2. SSH Connection Setup:

    • Create an instance of paramiko.SSHClient().
    • Set paramiko.AutoAddPolicy() to automatically add host keys to the local .ssh/known_hosts file.

  3. SSH Connection and Command Execution:

    • Use client.connect() to establish an SSH connection to the remote host.
    • Use client.exec_command(command) to execute the which command remotely.
    • stdout.read().decode('utf-8').strip() reads and decodes the command's standard output.
    • stderr.read().decode('utf-8').strip() reads and decodes any error output.

  4. Output Handling:

    • Check if there's any error output (stderr). If present, print the error.
    • Otherwise, print the output of the which command.

  5. SSH Connection Closure:

    • Use client.close() to close the SSH connection after the command execution is complete.

Notes:

  • Ensure you replace placeholders (your_remote_host_or_ip, your_ssh_username, your_ssh_password) with your actual SSH connection details.
  • Using a password in the script is not recommended for production environments; consider using key-based authentication for better security.
  • Handle exceptions (paramiko.SSHException, paramiko.AuthenticationException, etc.) for robust error handling in real-world scenarios.

This script demonstrates how to execute a which command over SSH in Python using paramiko, providing a flexible way to interact with remote systems programmatically.

Examples

  1. Execute which command over SSH in Python

    • Description: Run the which command remotely on a server via SSH using Python.
    • Code:
      import paramiko # SSH connection details hostname = 'remote_server' username = 'username' password = 'password' # Command to execute command = 'which python' # Establish SSH connection ssh_client = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh_client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) ssh_client.connect(hostname, username=username, password=password) # Execute command stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh_client.exec_command(command) output = stdout.read().decode().strip() # Print command output print(f"Path of 'python' command: {output}") # Close SSH connection ssh_client.close()

    Explanation: Uses paramiko library to establish an SSH connection to remote_server, executes the which python command remotely, and prints the path of the python command found.

  2. Python script to find executable path using SSH

    • Description: Write a Python script to find the path of an executable (which <command>) on a remote server.
    • Code:
      import paramiko def find_executable_path(hostname, username, password, command): ssh_client = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh_client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) ssh_client.connect(hostname, username=username, password=password) stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh_client.exec_command(f'which {command}') output = stdout.read().decode().strip() ssh_client.close() return output # Usage example hostname = 'remote_server' username = 'username' password = 'password' command = 'gcc' # Example command to find path executable_path = find_executable_path(hostname, username, password, command) print(f"Path of '{command}' command: {executable_path}")

    Explanation: Defines a function find_executable_path to execute a which command for a specified command on remote_server, returning the path of the executable.

  3. SSH Python script check command availability

    • Description: Verify if a command is available on a remote server using Python and SSH.
    • Code:
      import paramiko def check_command_availability(hostname, username, password, command): ssh_client = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh_client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) ssh_client.connect(hostname, username=username, password=password) stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh_client.exec_command(f'command -v {command} > /dev/null 2>&1 && echo "Found" || echo "Not found"') output = stdout.read().decode().strip() ssh_client.close() return output # Usage example hostname = 'remote_server' username = 'username' password = 'password' command = 'gcc' # Example command to check availability = check_command_availability(hostname, username, password, command) print(f"Availability of '{command}' command: {availability}")

    Explanation: Defines check_command_availability function to check if command is available on remote_server using command -v and prints the availability status.

  4. Python script to execute which command remotely

    • Description: Implement a Python script to execute any command (which <command>) over SSH.
    • Code:
      import paramiko def execute_remote_command(hostname, username, password, command): ssh_client = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh_client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) ssh_client.connect(hostname, username=username, password=password) stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh_client.exec_command(f'which {command}') output = stdout.read().decode().strip() ssh_client.close() return output # Usage example hostname = 'remote_server' username = 'username' password = 'password' command = 'java' # Example command to find command_path = execute_remote_command(hostname, username, password, command) print(f"Path of '{command}' command: {command_path}")

    Explanation: Defines execute_remote_command function to execute which <command> over SSH, returning the path of the command found on remote_server.

  5. Find command path remotely using Python SSH

    • Description: Use Python and SSH to find the path of a command (which <command>) on a remote server.
    • Code:
      import paramiko def find_command_path(hostname, username, password, command): ssh_client = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh_client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) ssh_client.connect(hostname, username=username, password=password) stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh_client.exec_command(f'which {command}') output = stdout.read().decode().strip() ssh_client.close() return output # Usage example hostname = 'remote_server' username = 'username' password = 'password' command = 'node' # Example command to find command_path = find_command_path(hostname, username, password, command) print(f"Path of '{command}' command: {command_path}")

    Explanation: Defines find_command_path function to find the path of command using which over SSH, returning the path found on remote_server.

  6. Python script to locate command path via SSH

    • Description: Write a Python script to locate the path of a command (which <command>) on a remote server.
    • Code:
      import paramiko def locate_command_path(hostname, username, password, command): ssh_client = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh_client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) ssh_client.connect(hostname, username=username, password=password) stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh_client.exec_command(f'which {command}') output = stdout.read().decode().strip() ssh_client.close() return output # Usage example hostname = 'remote_server' username = 'username' password = 'password' command = 'docker' # Example command to find command_path = locate_command_path(hostname, username, password, command) print(f"Path of '{command}' command: {command_path}")

    Explanation: Defines locate_command_path function to execute which <command> via SSH and print the path of command on remote_server.

  7. Python script to execute which command on remote server

    • Description: Implement Python script to execute which command remotely over SSH.
    • Code:
      import paramiko def execute_which_command(hostname, username, password, command): ssh_client = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh_client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) ssh_client.connect(hostname, username=username, password=password) stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh_client.exec_command(f'which {command}') output = stdout.read().decode().strip() ssh_client.close() return output # Usage example hostname = 'remote_server' username = 'username' password = 'password' command = 'git' # Example command to find command_path = execute_which_command(hostname, username, password, command) print(f"Path of '{command}' command: {command_path}")

    Explanation: Defines execute_which_command function to execute which <command> over SSH and retrieve the path of command on remote_server.

  8. Python SSH execute which command

    • Description: Execute which command remotely using Python and SSH.
    • Code:
      import paramiko def ssh_execute_which(hostname, username, password, command): ssh_client = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh_client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) ssh_client.connect(hostname, username=username, password=password) stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh_client.exec_command(f'which {command}') output = stdout.read().decode().strip() ssh_client.close() return output # Usage example hostname = 'remote_server' username = 'username' password = 'password' command = 'perl' # Example command to find command_path = ssh_execute_which(hostname, username, password, command) print(f"Path of '{command}' command: {command_path}")

    Explanation: Defines ssh_execute_which function to execute which <command> via SSH, fetching and printing the path of command on remote_server.

  9. Python script for which command over SSH

    • Description: Python script to execute which command and fetch the path of a command remotely.
    • Code:
      import paramiko def ssh_which_command(hostname, username, password, command): ssh_client = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh_client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) ssh_client.connect(hostname, username=username, password=password) stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh_client.exec_command(f'which {command}') output = stdout.read().decode().strip() ssh_client.close() return output # Usage example hostname = 'remote_server' username = 'username' password = 'password' command = 'npm' # Example command to find command_path = ssh_which_command(hostname, username, password, command) print(f"Path of '{command}' command: {command_path}")

    Explanation: Defines ssh_which_command function to execute which <command> remotely via SSH, returning the path of command on remote_server.

  10. Python script to find executable path over SSH

    • Description: Python script to find the path of an executable (which <command>) on a remote server using SSH.
    • Code:
      import paramiko def find_executable_path_ssh(hostname, username, password, command): ssh_client = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh_client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) ssh_client.connect(hostname, username=username, password=password) stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh_client.exec_command(f'which {command}') output = stdout.read().decode().strip() ssh_client.close() return output # Usage example hostname = 'remote_server' username = 'username' password = 'password' command = 'nginx' # Example command to find executable_path = find_executable_path_ssh(hostname, username, password, command) print(f"Path of '{command}' command: {executable_path}")

    Explanation: Defines find_executable_path_ssh function to find the path of command (which <command>) using SSH and prints the path on remote_server.

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