android - Retrofit2 - How to upload image using retrofit in multipart?

Android - Retrofit2 - How to upload image using retrofit in multipart?

Uploading an image using Retrofit in multipart is a common use case. Here's a step-by-step guide to achieve this:

  1. Add Dependencies: Make sure you have the Retrofit and OkHttp dependencies in your build.gradle file:

    implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.9.0' implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.9.0' implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:4.9.1' implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:4.9.1'

  2. Create a Retrofit Interface: Define an interface with the necessary endpoint for image upload:

    import okhttp3.MultipartBody; import okhttp3.RequestBody; import retrofit2.Call; import retrofit2.http.Multipart; import retrofit2.http.POST; import retrofit2.http.Part; public interface MyApiService { @Multipart @POST("upload") Call<ResponseBody> uploadImage( @Part MultipartBody.Part file, @Part("description") RequestBody description ); }

  3. Create a Retrofit Instance: Build a Retrofit instance with the necessary configurations:

    import okhttp3.OkHttpClient; import retrofit2.Retrofit; import retrofit2.converter.gson.GsonConverterFactory; public class RetrofitClient { private static final String BASE_URL = "your_base_url_here"; private static Retrofit retrofit = null; public static Retrofit getClient() { if (retrofit == null) { OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder() .addInterceptor(new HttpLoggingInterceptor().setLevel(HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level.BODY)) .build(); retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder() .baseUrl(BASE_URL) .client(client) .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create()) .build(); } return retrofit; } }

  4. Prepare the Image File: Convert the image file into a MultipartBody.Part:

    import okhttp3.MediaType; import okhttp3.MultipartBody; import okhttp3.RequestBody; File file = new File("path_to_your_image_file"); RequestBody requestFile = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("multipart/form-data"), file); MultipartBody.Part body = MultipartBody.Part.createFormData("file", file.getName(), requestFile);

  5. Make the API Call: Use the Retrofit interface to make the API call for image upload:

    import retrofit2.Call; import retrofit2.Callback; import retrofit2.Response; MyApiService apiService = RetrofitClient.getClient().create(MyApiService.class); // Replace "your_description_here" with the description text RequestBody description = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("text/plain"), "your_description_here"); Call<ResponseBody> call = apiService.uploadImage(body, description); call.enqueue(new Callback<ResponseBody>() { @Override public void onResponse(Call<ResponseBody> call, Response<ResponseBody> response) { // Handle success if (response.isSuccessful()) { // Image uploaded successfully } else { // Handle error } } @Override public void onFailure(Call<ResponseBody> call, Throwable t) { // Handle failure } });

Ensure that you have the necessary permissions for reading the image file, and replace placeholders like your_base_url_here and your_description_here with your actual values.

Examples

  1. How to upload image using Retrofit 2 in Android with Multipart Request?

    • Code Implementation:

      // Retrofit API interface method @Multipart @POST("upload/image") Call<ResponseBody> uploadImage(@Part MultipartBody.Part image); 
      // Usage in your code File file = new File("path/to/image.jpg"); RequestBody requestFile = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("image/*"), file); MultipartBody.Part body = MultipartBody.Part.createFormData("image", file.getName(), requestFile); Call<ResponseBody> call = apiService.uploadImage(body);

    • Description: Define a Retrofit API method that uses the @Multipart annotation and @Part annotation for the image file. Create a MultipartBody.Part object for the image file and pass it in the API call.

  2. Retrofit 2 file upload example in Android with Multipart Request

    • Code Implementation:

      // Retrofit API interface method @Multipart @POST("upload/image") Call<ResponseBody> uploadImage(@Part MultipartBody.Part image, @Part("description") RequestBody description); 
      // Usage in your code File file = new File("path/to/image.jpg"); RequestBody requestFile = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("image/*"), file); MultipartBody.Part body = MultipartBody.Part.createFormData("image", file.getName(), requestFile); RequestBody description = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("text/plain"), "Image Description"); Call<ResponseBody> call = apiService.uploadImage(body, description);

    • Description: Extend the previous example by adding an additional @Part parameter for a description. Pass both image and description parts in the API call.

  3. Android Retrofit 2 image upload with progress bar

    • Code Implementation:

      // ProgressRequestBody for tracking upload progress public class ProgressRequestBody extends RequestBody { // Implementation of progress tracking // ... } 
      // Retrofit API interface method with ProgressRequestBody @Multipart @POST("upload/image") Call<ResponseBody> uploadImageWithProgress(@Part ProgressRequestBody image); 
      // Usage in your code ProgressRequestBody fileBody = new ProgressRequestBody(file, "image/*", new ProgressRequestBody.UploadCallbacks() { // Callbacks for progress updates // ... }); MultipartBody.Part body = MultipartBody.Part.createFormData("image", file.getName(), fileBody); Call<ResponseBody> call = apiService.uploadImageWithProgress(body);

    • Description: Implement a ProgressRequestBody class to track upload progress. Modify the Retrofit API interface to use this custom request body for image upload.

  4. How to handle Retrofit 2 image upload errors in Android?

    • Code Implementation:

      // Retrofit API interface method with error handling @Multipart @POST("upload/image") Call<ResponseBody> uploadImage(@Part MultipartBody.Part image); 
      // Usage in your code with try-catch block try { Call<ResponseBody> call = apiService.uploadImage(body); Response<ResponseBody> response = call.execute(); // Handle response } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); // Handle error }

    • Description: Wrap the Retrofit API call in a try-catch block to handle potential errors during image upload.

  5. Retrofit 2 image upload with additional parameters in Android

    • Code Implementation:

      // Retrofit API interface method with additional parameters @Multipart @POST("upload/image") Call<ResponseBody> uploadImageWithParams(@Part MultipartBody.Part image, @Part("userId") RequestBody userId, @Part("title") RequestBody title); 
      // Usage in your code File file = new File("path/to/image.jpg"); RequestBody requestFile = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("image/*"), file); MultipartBody.Part body = MultipartBody.Part.createFormData("image", file.getName(), requestFile); RequestBody userId = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("text/plain"), "123"); RequestBody title = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("text/plain"), "Image Title"); Call<ResponseBody> call = apiService.uploadImageWithParams(body, userId, title);

    • Description: Extend the image upload functionality by adding additional parameters to the API method.

  6. Android Retrofit 2 image upload with authentication

    • Code Implementation:

      // Retrofit API interface method with authentication header @Multipart @POST("upload/image") Call<ResponseBody> uploadImageWithAuth(@Header("Authorization") String authToken, @Part MultipartBody.Part image); 
      // Usage in your code File file = new File("path/to/image.jpg"); RequestBody requestFile = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("image/*"), file); MultipartBody.Part body = MultipartBody.Part.createFormData("image", file.getName(), requestFile); String authToken = "Bearer YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN"; Call<ResponseBody> call = apiService.uploadImageWithAuth(authToken, body);

    • Description: Secure the image upload by including an authentication header in the API request.

  7. How to implement image compression before uploading with Retrofit 2 in Android?

    • Code Implementation:

      // Use a compression library or method before creating RequestBody File compressedFile = ImageCompressor.compress(file); RequestBody requestFile = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("image/*"), compressedFile); MultipartBody.Part body = MultipartBody.Part.createFormData("image", compressedFile.getName(), requestFile); 
      // ImageCompressor class example public class ImageCompressor { // Implementation of image compression // ... }

    • Description: Integrate an image compression step before creating the RequestBody for image upload to reduce file size.

  8. How to handle Retrofit 2 image upload timeouts in Android?

    • Code Implementation:

      // Retrofit API interface method with timeout settings @Multipart @POST("upload/image") Call<ResponseBody> uploadImageWithTimeout(@Part MultipartBody.Part image); 
      // Usage in your code with custom OkHttpClient OkHttpClient.Builder clientBuilder = new OkHttpClient.Builder(); clientBuilder.connectTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS); clientBuilder.readTimeout(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS); Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder() .baseUrl(BASE_URL) .client(clientBuilder.build()) .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create()) .build(); ApiService apiService = retrofit.create(ApiService.class); Call<ResponseBody> call = apiService.uploadImageWithTimeout(body);

    • Description: Adjust the timeout settings in the OkHttpClient to handle potential timeouts during image upload.

  9. Android Retrofit 2 image upload with progress notification

    • Code Implementation:

      // Use a notification manager to update progress NotificationManagerCompat notificationManager = NotificationManagerCompat.from(context); // Inside ProgressRequestBody.UploadCallbacks @Override public void onProgressUpdate(int percentage) { // Update notification progress // ... } 
      // Usage in your code ProgressRequestBody fileBody = new ProgressRequestBody(file, "image/*", new ProgressRequestBody.UploadCallbacks() { // Callbacks for progress updates // ... }); MultipartBody.Part body = MultipartBody.Part.createFormData("image", file.getName(), fileBody); Call<ResponseBody> call = apiService.uploadImage(body);

    • Description: Integrate a notification manager and update the notification progress during image upload using a custom ProgressRequestBody.

  10. Retrofit 2 image upload with custom response model in Android

    • Code Implementation:

      // Define a custom response model public class UploadResponse { // Fields for the response // ... } 
      // Retrofit API interface method with custom response model @Multipart @POST("upload/image") Call<UploadResponse> uploadImageWithResponse(@Part MultipartBody.Part image); 
      // Usage in your code ProgressRequestBody fileBody = new ProgressRequestBody(file, "image/*", new ProgressRequestBody.UploadCallbacks() { // Callbacks for progress updates // ... }); MultipartBody.Part body = MultipartBody.Part.createFormData("image", file.getName(), fileBody); Call<UploadResponse> call = apiService.uploadImageWithResponse(body);

    • Description: Create a custom response model to handle specific response data when uploading an image with Retrofit 2.

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