Sending several SQL commands in a single transaction using C#

Sending several SQL commands in a single transaction using C#

To send several SQL commands in a single transaction using C# and ADO.NET, you can use the SqlTransaction class in conjunction with the SqlCommand and SqlConnection classes. The SqlTransaction class provides a way to group multiple SQL statements into a single transaction, which ensures that they are either all committed or all rolled back in case of an error.

Here's an example of how to use SqlTransaction to send several SQL commands in a single transaction:

string connectionString = "Data Source=myServerAddress;Initial Catalog=myDataBase;User Id=myUsername;Password=myPassword;"; string commandText1 = "INSERT INTO Customers (CustomerName) VALUES ('Alfreds Futterkiste')"; string commandText2 = "INSERT INTO Orders (CustomerID, OrderDate) VALUES (1, '2023-04-25')"; SqlConnection connection = null; SqlTransaction transaction = null; try { connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString); connection.Open(); // Start a new transaction transaction = connection.BeginTransaction(); // Create and execute the first SQL command SqlCommand command1 = new SqlCommand(commandText1, connection, transaction); int rowsAffected1 = command1.ExecuteNonQuery(); // Create and execute the second SQL command SqlCommand command2 = new SqlCommand(commandText2, connection, transaction); int rowsAffected2 = command2.ExecuteNonQuery(); // Commit the transaction if all commands succeed transaction.Commit(); } catch (Exception ex) { // Roll back the transaction if any command fails transaction?.Rollback(); Console.WriteLine("An error occurred: " + ex.Message); } finally { // Close the connection connection?.Close(); }

In this example, two SQL commands are defined as strings (commandText1 and commandText2) that insert data into two tables in a database. The SqlConnection class is used to connect to the database using a connection string. The SqlTransaction class is used to start a new transaction using the BeginTransaction method of the connection object.

Two SqlCommand objects are created with the SQL commands, and the transaction object is passed to their constructors to associate them with the transaction. The ExecuteNonQuery method of each command is called to execute the SQL commands and return the number of affected rows. If both commands succeed, the transaction is committed using the Commit method of the transaction object. If any command fails, the transaction is rolled back using the Rollback method.

Finally, the connection is closed using the Close method, which releases any resources associated with the connection.

Note that it is generally recommended to use parameterized SQL commands instead of string concatenation to avoid SQL injection attacks and improve performance.

Examples

  1. "C# send multiple SQL commands in a single transaction"

    • Description: Learn how to execute multiple SQL commands within a single transaction in C#. This example demonstrates using SqlConnection, SqlCommand, and SqlTransaction classes.
    using System.Data.SqlClient; public class SqlTransactionExample { public void ExecuteMultipleCommandsInTransaction() { string connectionString = "your_connection_string"; using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString)) { connection.Open(); // Start a SQL transaction using (SqlTransaction transaction = connection.BeginTransaction()) { try { // Execute first SQL command using (SqlCommand command1 = new SqlCommand("INSERT INTO Table1 (Column1) VALUES ('Value1')", connection, transaction)) { command1.ExecuteNonQuery(); } // Execute second SQL command using (SqlCommand command2 = new SqlCommand("UPDATE Table2 SET Column2 = 'UpdatedValue' WHERE Column3 = 'Condition'", connection, transaction)) { command2.ExecuteNonQuery(); } // Commit the transaction if all commands succeed transaction.Commit(); } catch (Exception) { // Rollback the transaction if any command fails transaction.Rollback(); throw; } } } } }

  2. "C# execute SQL commands in a transaction with parameters"

    • Description: Explore executing SQL commands within a transaction in C# with parameters. This example demonstrates using parameterized queries.
    using System.Data.SqlClient; public class ParameterizedTransactionExample { public void ExecuteCommandsInTransactionWithParameters(string param1, int param2) { string connectionString = "your_connection_string"; using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString)) { connection.Open(); // Start a SQL transaction using (SqlTransaction transaction = connection.BeginTransaction()) { try { // Execute SQL command with parameters using (SqlCommand command1 = new SqlCommand("INSERT INTO Table1 (Column1, Column2) VALUES (@Param1, @Param2)", connection, transaction)) { command1.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Param1", param1); command1.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Param2", param2); command1.ExecuteNonQuery(); } // Execute another SQL command with parameters using (SqlCommand command2 = new SqlCommand("UPDATE Table2 SET Column3 = @Param3 WHERE Column4 = 'Condition'", connection, transaction)) { command2.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Param3", "NewValue"); command2.ExecuteNonQuery(); } // Commit the transaction if all commands succeed transaction.Commit(); } catch (Exception) { // Rollback the transaction if any command fails transaction.Rollback(); throw; } } } } }

  3. "C# SQL transaction isolation levels example"

    • Description: Learn how to specify isolation levels for SQL transactions in C#. This example demonstrates setting the isolation level for the transaction.
    using System.Data; using System.Data.SqlClient; public class IsolationLevelExample { public void ExecuteCommandsInTransactionWithIsolationLevel() { string connectionString = "your_connection_string"; using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString)) { connection.Open(); // Start a SQL transaction with a specific isolation level using (SqlTransaction transaction = connection.BeginTransaction(IsolationLevel.ReadCommitted)) { try { // Execute SQL commands within the specified isolation level // ... // Commit the transaction if all commands succeed transaction.Commit(); } catch (Exception) { // Rollback the transaction if any command fails transaction.Rollback(); throw; } } } } }

  4. "C# SQL batch processing in a transaction"

    • Description: Explore how to perform batch processing of SQL commands within a transaction in C#. This example demonstrates executing a batch of commands.
    using System.Data.SqlClient; public class BatchProcessingExample { public void ExecuteSqlBatchInTransaction() { string connectionString = "your_connection_string"; using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString)) { connection.Open(); // Start a SQL transaction using (SqlTransaction transaction = connection.BeginTransaction()) { try { // Define a SQL batch with multiple commands string sqlBatch = @" INSERT INTO Table1 (Column1) VALUES ('Value1'); UPDATE Table2 SET Column2 = 'UpdatedValue' WHERE Column3 = 'Condition'; "; // Execute the SQL batch within the transaction using (SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(sqlBatch, connection, transaction)) { command.ExecuteNonQuery(); } // Commit the transaction if all commands in the batch succeed transaction.Commit(); } catch (Exception) { // Rollback the transaction if any command in the batch fails transaction.Rollback(); throw; } } } } }

  5. "C# SQL transaction savepoint example"

    • Description: Learn how to use savepoints within a SQL transaction in C#. This example demonstrates creating and rolling back to a savepoint.
    using System.Data.SqlClient; public class SavepointExample { public void ExecuteCommandsWithSavepoint() { string connectionString = "your_connection_string"; using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString)) { connection.Open(); // Start a SQL transaction using (SqlTransaction transaction = connection.BeginTransaction()) { try { // Execute first SQL command using (SqlCommand command1 = new SqlCommand("INSERT INTO Table1 (Column1) VALUES ('Value1')", connection, transaction)) { command1.ExecuteNonQuery(); } // Create a savepoint transaction.Save("Savepoint1"); // Execute second SQL command using (SqlCommand command2 = new SqlCommand("UPDATE Table2 SET Column2 = 'UpdatedValue' WHERE Column3 = 'Condition'", connection, transaction)) { command2.ExecuteNonQuery(); } // Rollback to the savepoint if any command after the savepoint fails transaction.Rollback("Savepoint1"); // Commit the transaction if all commands succeed up to the savepoint transaction.Commit(); } catch (Exception) { // Rollback the transaction if any command fails transaction.Rollback(); throw; } } } } }

  6. "C# SQL transaction deadlock handling"

    • Description: Explore handling deadlocks within a SQL transaction in C#. This example demonstrates catching and handling deadlock exceptions.
    using System.Data.SqlClient; public class DeadlockHandlingExample { public void HandleDeadlocksInTransaction() { string connectionString = "your_connection_string"; using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString)) { connection.Open(); // Start a SQL transaction using (SqlTransaction transaction = connection.BeginTransaction()) { try { // Execute SQL commands within the transaction // ... // Commit the transaction if all commands succeed transaction.Commit(); } catch (SqlException ex) { if (ex.Number == 1205) // Deadlock error code { // Handle deadlock and retry or implement custom logic // ... } else { // Rollback the transaction for other exceptions transaction.Rollback(); throw; } } } } } }

  7. "C# SQL transaction nested example"

    • Description: Learn how to use nested transactions in C#. This example demonstrates creating nested transactions within an outer transaction.
    using System.Data.SqlClient; public class NestedTransactionExample { public void ExecuteNestedTransaction() { string connectionString = "your_connection_string"; using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString)) { connection.Open(); // Start an outer SQL transaction using (SqlTransaction outerTransaction = connection.BeginTransaction()) { try { // Execute SQL commands within the outer transaction // ... // Start a nested SQL transaction using (SqlTransaction nestedTransaction = connection.BeginTransaction()) { try { // Execute SQL commands within the nested transaction // ... // Commit the nested transaction if all commands succeed nestedTransaction.Commit(); } catch (Exception) { // Rollback the nested transaction if any command fails nestedTransaction.Rollback(); throw; } } // Commit the outer transaction if all commands succeed outerTransaction.Commit(); } catch (Exception) { // Rollback the outer transaction if any command fails outerTransaction.Rollback(); throw; } } } } }

  8. "C# SQL transaction timeout example"

    • Description: Explore handling transaction timeouts in C#. This example demonstrates setting a timeout for the SQL transaction.
    using System; using System.Data.SqlClient; public class TransactionTimeoutExample { public void ExecuteCommandsWithTimeout() { string connectionString = "your_connection_string"; using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString)) { connection.Open(); // Start a SQL transaction with a specific timeout using (SqlTransaction transaction = connection.BeginTransaction(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30))) { try { // Execute SQL commands within the specified timeout // ... // Commit the transaction if all commands succeed transaction.Commit(); } catch (Exception) { // Rollback the transaction if any command fails transaction.Rollback(); throw; } } } } }

  9. "C# SQL transaction with stored procedure"

    • Description: Learn how to use a SQL transaction in C# with a stored procedure. This example demonstrates executing a stored procedure within a transaction.
    using System.Data; using System.Data.SqlClient; public class StoredProcedureTransactionExample { public void ExecuteStoredProcedureInTransaction(string parameterValue) { string connectionString = "your_connection_string"; using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString)) { connection.Open(); // Start a SQL transaction using (SqlTransaction transaction = connection.BeginTransaction()) { try { // Execute stored procedure within the transaction using (SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand("YourStoredProcedureName", connection, transaction)) { command.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@ParameterName", parameterValue); command.ExecuteNonQuery(); } // Commit the transaction if stored procedure and other commands succeed transaction.Commit(); } catch (Exception) { // Rollback the transaction if any command fails transaction.Rollback(); throw; } } } } }

  10. "C# SQL transaction read uncommitted example"

    • Description: Learn how to use the Read Uncommitted isolation level in a SQL transaction in C#. This example demonstrates setting the isolation level to ReadUncommitted.
    using System.Data; using System.Data.SqlClient; public class ReadUncommittedTransactionExample { public void ExecuteCommandsWithReadUncommitted() { string connectionString = "your_connection_string"; using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString)) { connection.Open(); // Start a SQL transaction with Read Uncommitted isolation level using (SqlTransaction transaction = connection.BeginTransaction(IsolationLevel.ReadUncommitted)) { try { // Execute SQL commands within the Read Uncommitted isolation level // ... // Commit the transaction if all commands succeed transaction.Commit(); } catch (Exception) { // Rollback the transaction if any command fails transaction.Rollback(); throw; } } } } }

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