Map in JS

A JavaScript Map holds key-value pairs and similar to Hash Map or Dictionary in other languages.

• Preserves the original insertion order.
• Supports any type, including objects and primitives, as keys or values. This feature allows for efficient data retrieval and manipulation.
• Internally use Hashing that makes time complexities of operations like search, insert and delete constant or O(1) on average.
• Only Unique Keys are allowed, if we insert the same key with a different value, it overwrites the previous one.
• It is always recommended to use Maps over Objects when we have frequent insert and delete operations.

Creating a Map

Map() constructor allows two ways to create a Map in JavaScript.

• Passing an Array to new Map().
• Create a Map and use Map.set().

let myMap = new Map(); let anotherMap = new Map([  ['name', 'GFG'],  ['age', 30],  ['city', 'Noida'] ]); console.log(anotherMap); 

Map(3) { 'name' => 'GFG', 'age' => 30, 'city' => 'Noida' } 

Properties of JavaScript Map

• set(key, val) : Adds or updates an element with a specified key and value.
• get(key) : Returns the value associated with the specified key.
• has(key) : Returns a boolean indicating whether an element with the specified key exists.
• delete(key) : Removes the element with the specified key.
• clear(): Removes all elements from the Map.
• size: Returns the number of key-value pairs in the Map.

// Create a new Map const myMap = new Map(); // 1. set(key, value) myMap.set('name', 'GFG'); myMap.set('age', 25); myMap.set(1, 'One');  console.log(myMap); // 2. get(key) console.log(myMap.get('name'));  console.log(myMap.get('age'));  console.log(myMap.get(1));  console.log(myMap.get('invalidKey'));  // 3. has(key) console.log(myMap.has('name')); console.log(myMap.has('address'));  console.log(myMap.has(1));  // 4. delete(key) myMap.delete('age'); console.log(myMap.has('age'));  console.log(myMap); // 5. clear() myMap.clear(); console.log(myMap); // Output: Map {} console.log(myMap.size);  myMap.set('a', 1); myMap.set('b', 2); console.log(myMap.size);  console.log(myMap); 

Map(3) { 'name' => 'GFG', 'age' => 25, 1 => 'One' } GFG 25 One undefined true false true false Map(2) { 'name' => 'GFG', 1 => 'One' } Map(0) {} 0 2 Map(2) { 'a' => 1, 'b' => 2 } 

Advantages of Using Maps:

• Key order: Maps remember the insertion order of the keys.
• Performance: Inserting and retrieving elements from a Map are generally faster than objects, especially when the number of elements is large.
• Any type of key: Unlike objects, Map keys can be of any data type, including functions, objects, and primitive types.

Also Check:

DSA Problems On Map

• Most Frequent Element
• Count distinct elements in every window of size K
• Check if two arrays are equal or not
• 2 Sum – Count Pairs with target sum
• Count all pairs with absolute difference equal to K
• Check If Array Pair Sums Divisible by K
• Max distance between two occurrences in array
• Subarray with Given Sum – Handles Negative Numbers
• Remove minimum elements such that no common elements exist in two arrays
• 3 Sum – Count all triplets with target sum
• Longest Subarray with Sum Divisible by K
• Longest Subarray having Majority Elements Greater than K