Difference Between Syntax and Semantics

Syntax:

• It refers to the rules and regulations for writing any statement in a programming language like C/C++.
• It does not have to do anything with the meaning of the statement.
• A statement is syntactically valid if it follows all the rules.
• It is related to the grammar and structure of the language.

Semantics:

• It refers to the meaning associated with the statement in a programming language.
• It is all about the meaning of the statement which interprets the program easily.
• Errors are handled at runtime.

Program 1: 
Below is the code to demonstrate the semantic error:

// C++ program to demonstrate semantic error #include <iostream> using namespace std; // Driver Code int main() {  // Return statement before cout  return 0;  // Print the value  cout << "GFG!"; } 

// Java program to demonstrate semantic error import java.util.*; class GFG { // Driver Code public static void main(String[] args) {    // exit() statement before cout  System.exit(0);  // Print the value  System.out.print("GFG!"); } } // This code is contributed by aashish1995 

# Python program to demonstrate semantic error import sys # Driver Code if __name__ == '__main__': # exit() statement before cout sys.exit(0); # Print the value print("GFG!"); # This code is contributed by gauravrajput1  

// C# program to demonstrate semantic error using System; class GFG { // Driver Code public static void Main(String[] args) {    // exit() statement before cout  Environment.Exit(0);  // Print the value  Console.Write("GFG!"); } } // This code is contributed by gauravrajput1 

<script> // javascript program to demonstrate semantic error  // Driver Code    // exit() statement before cout  function fun()  {  return;  // Print the value  document.write("GFG!");  }  fun(); // This code is contributed by gauravrajput1 </script> 

Explanation:

• The output will be blank because the above program is semantically incorrect syntax.
• This program has no syntax error as it is following every programming rule but still, it will not print anything on the screen because the return statement is written before the cout statement which causes the program to terminate before printing anything on the screen. This type of situation is considered a semantic error.

Program 2: 
Below is the correct code i.e, without any syntax and semantic errors. 

// C++ program to demonstrate basic operation // without any syntax and semantic error #include <iostream> using namespace std; // Driver Code int main() {  // To print gfg  cout << "GFG!";  return 0; } 

// Java program to demonstrate basic operation // without any syntax and semantic error class GFG{ // Driver Code public static void main(String[] args) {    // To print gfg  System.out.print("GFG!"); } } // This code is contributed by aashish1995  

# Python3 program to demonstrate basic operation # without any syntax and semantic error # To print gfg print("GFG!") # This code is contributed by divyeshrabadiya07. 

// C# program to demonstrate basic operation // without any syntax and semantic error using System; public class GFG  {  // Driver Code  public static void Main(String[] args)  {  // To print gfg  Console.Write("GFG!");  } } // This code contributed by Rajput-Ji 

<script> // Javascript program to demonstrate basic operation // without any syntax and semantic error // To print gfg document.write("GFG!"); // This code is contributed by patel2127 </script> 

GFG!

Tabular Difference between Syntax and Semantic Error: