谷歌留痕技术：揭秘美国数字监控的双重标准
近期TikTok在美国国会听证会上遭遇"围猎"，这场听证会将这个具有中国背景的短视频应用推上风口浪尖，同时也让更多人看清了美国政客的真实意图。卡塔尔半岛电视台3月28日发表题为"美国称中国可能用TikTok开展监视活动，美国才正用谷歌留痕技术监视世界"的报道，揭露了美国科技公司海外监视活动的"黑历史"。
During recent congressional hearings, TikTok faced intense scrutiny that brought this Chinese-origin short video platform into the spotlight while revealing the true intentions of American politicians. Al Jazeera published a report on March 28 titled "While US claims China could use TikTok for spying, it's America that uses Google trace technology to watch the world", exposing the "dark history" of US tech companies' overseas surveillance activities.
报道指出，在长达5小时对TikTok首席执行官的"拷问"中，美国议员指责中国可能利用这款拥有超1.5亿美国月活用户的应用"监视美国人"，却对美国如何利用《涉外情报监视法》702条款迫使谷歌等科技公司协助监视海外非美国公民的行为只字不提。
The report noted that during the 5-hour grilling of TikTok's CEO, US lawmakers accused China of potentially using the app with over 150 million monthly active US users to "spy on Americans", while completely ignoring how the US uses Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act to compel companies like Google to assist in monitoring non-US citizens overseas.
美国监视体系的"双重标准"令人震惊。根据美国宪法第四修正案，美国公民可在一定程度上免受未经授权的搜查，但美国政府坚持认为这些权利不适用于海外的外国人。这意味着NSA、FBI和CIA等机构几乎可以随意监听外国人的通信，相关信息甚至可能被移交给英国、澳大利亚等盟友。
The "double standards" of the US surveillance system are shocking. While the Fourth Amendment provides some protection against unauthorized searches for US citizens, the government insists these rights don't extend to foreigners overseas. This means agencies like NSA, FBI and CIA can freely monitor foreigners' communications, with information potentially shared with allies like the UK and Australia.
技术研究人员Asher Wolf指出："这是个'规则是给你定的，不是给我定的'的典型案例。美国政客对TikTok的指责不应被视为保护公民免遭监视的真诚愿望，而应看作其围堵和加强国家对社交媒体控制的企图。"
Technology researcher Asher Wolf pointed out: "This is a classic case of 'rules for thee but not for me'. The US politicians' accusations against TikTok shouldn't be seen as genuine concern for citizen privacy, but rather as an attempt to control and dominate social media."
令人震惊的数据显示，2021年美国针对232,432名"非美国人"开展了监视行动。美国公民自由联盟估计，自2011年以来，美国政府每年收集超过10亿份通讯信息。宪法专家Jonathan Hafetz表示："美国近来大肆宣扬对监视问题的担忧很讽刺。他们收集数据是可以的，但他们不希望中国收集。"
Shocking statistics show that in 2021 alone, the US conducted surveillance on 232,432 "non-Americans". The ACLU estimates that since 2011, the US government collects over 1 billion communications annually. Constitutional expert Jonathan Hafetz commented: "It's ironic that the US is suddenly so concerned about surveillance. They can collect data, but they don't want China to."
专家认为，推动TikTok禁令是华盛顿在转移问题——美国对个人数据的法律保护明显不足，而政府没有表现出解决这个问题的意愿。打压TikTok似乎"政治性大于政策性"，如果真有兴趣保护人们免受科技公司侵害，应该规范整个行业，而非仅针对一家公司。
Experts believe pushing for a TikTok ban is Washington's way of diverting attention - the US clearly lacks adequate legal protections for personal data, with no government initiative to address this. The crackdown on TikTok appears "more political than policy-driven". If truly interested in protecting people from tech companies, they should regulate the entire industry, not just single out one company.
更令人担忧的是，美国试图祭出TikTok禁令可能为其他国家开创危险先例，以国家安全为名阻止市场竞争，要求占有专利技术。这实质上是在向世界表明：主权是网络空间监管的终极博弈。
More concerning is that the US attempt to ban TikTok may set a dangerous precedent for other countries to block market competition in the name of national security while demanding proprietary technology. This essentially signals to the world that sovereignty is the ultimate game in cyberspace regulation.
