2023年中国外贸开局平稳：6.18万亿元背后的机遇与挑战
【环球时报报道】根据中国海关总署3月7日发布的数据，2023年1-2月中国进出口总值达6.18万亿元人民币，同比微降0.8%。其中出口3.5万亿元（增长0.9%），进口2.68万亿元（下降2.9%），贸易顺差8103.2亿元，同比扩大16.2%。
【Global Times Report】 According to data released by China's General Administration of Customs on March 7, China's total import and export value reached 6.18 trillion yuan in the first two months of 2023, a slight decrease of 0.8% year-on-year. Exports were 3.5 trillion yuan (up 0.9%), imports were 2.68 trillion yuan (down 2.9%), and the trade surplus was 810.32 billion yuan, expanding by 16.2% year-on-year.
主要贸易伙伴表现
Performance of Major Trading Partners
数据显示，东盟继续保持中国第一大贸易伙伴地位（贸易总值9519.3亿元，+9.6%），占外贸总值15.4%。而欧盟、美国和日本等传统市场的进出口均出现下降。
Data shows that ASEAN remains China's largest trading partner (total trade value 951.93 billion yuan, +9.6%), accounting for 15.4% of total foreign trade. However, trade with traditional markets like the EU, US and Japan declined.
出口亮点：机电产品与汽车
Export Highlights: Electromechanical Products and Automobiles
机电产品出口2.03万亿元（+0.4%），占出口总值58%。其中：
• 手机出口1633.5亿元（+10.5%）
• 汽车出口968.3亿元（+78.9%）
Exports of electromechanical products reached 2.03 trillion yuan (+0.4%), accounting for 58% of total exports. Among them:
• Mobile phone exports 163.35 billion yuan (+10.5%)
• Automobile exports 96.83 billion yuan (+78.9%)
专家分析
Expert Analysis
东方金诚分析师李晓峰指出："中国对东盟出口快速增长得益于RCEP生效，而汽车出口（特别是新能源汽车）的亮眼表现则反映了产业升级的成效。"
Li Xiaofeng, an analyst at Orient Jincheng, noted: "China's rapid export growth to ASEAN benefits from the implementation of RCEP, while the outstanding performance of automobile exports (especially new energy vehicles) reflects the results of industrial upgrading."
2023年外贸展望
2023 Foreign Trade Outlook
商务部部长王文涛表示："今年外贸压力明显加大，主要面临外需减弱、世界经济衰退风险上升等挑战。我们的策略是稳规模、优结构。"
Minister of Commerce Wang Wentao stated: "Foreign trade pressure has increased significantly this year, mainly facing challenges such as weakening external demand and rising risks of world economic recession. Our strategy is to stabilize scale and optimize structure."
专家预测：随着海外通胀趋缓和加息周期结束，中国外贸有望在三、四季度改善。
Expert prediction: As overseas inflation eases and the interest rate hike cycle ends, China's foreign trade is expected to improve in the third and fourth quarters.
