中国钢材出口创7年新高：2023年出口量突破9000万吨
2023年中国钢材出口量实现显著增长，根据冶金工业信息标准研究院最新发布的《2023年中国钢铁进出口分析》显示，去年中国出口钢材9026.4万吨，同比增长36.2%，创下2017年以来新高。
Steel exports from China saw significant growth in 2023, according to the latest "2023 China Steel Import and Export Analysis" report by the Metallurgical Industry Information and Standards Research Institute. Last year, China exported 90.264 million tons of steel products, a year-on-year increase of 36.2%, reaching the highest level since 2017.
这一数据标志着中国钢材出口量达到历史第四高位，同时进口钢材765万吨，同比下降27.6%，这是自1995年有公开数据记录以来首次低于1000万吨。
This figure represents the fourth-highest level in China's steel export history. Meanwhile, steel imports totaled 7.65 million tons, down 27.6% year-on-year, marking the first time since 1995 (when public records began) that imports have fallen below 10 million tons.
出口价格与区域分布
Export Prices and Regional Distribution
2023年中国钢材出口平均单价为936.8美元/吨（约合6744元人民币/吨），同比下跌32.7%。研究院分析指出，这主要受全球市场低迷、国内竞争加剧、人民币贬值等因素影响。
The average export price of Chinese steel products in 2023 was $936.8 per ton (approximately 6,744 yuan per ton), down 32.7% year-on-year. The institute's analysis indicates this was mainly due to global market downturn, intensified domestic competition, and RMB depreciation.
东南亚市场表现突出：去年中国向亚洲地区出口钢材6139万吨，同比增长43.37%，占总出口量的68%。其中越南以379万吨的增量位居首位，泰国、印尼、马来西亚等东南亚国家也进入前十。
Southeast Asian markets stood out: China exported 61.39 million tons of steel to Asia last year, up 43.37% year-on-year, accounting for 68% of total exports. Vietnam led with an increase of 3.79 million tons, while Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia also ranked in the top ten.
出口结构变化与贸易风险
Changes in Export Structure and Trade Risks
2023年中国钢材出口结构发生明显变化：建筑用钢材（如钢筋、中厚宽钢带等）出口量显著增长，增幅最高达145.7%；而合金钢板/带等高端产品出口量持续下降。
China's steel export structure changed significantly in 2023: exports of construction steel (such as rebar, medium and heavy wide steel strips) increased significantly, with the highest growth rate reaching 145.7%; while exports of high-end products like alloy steel plates/straps continued to decline.
中国钢铁工业协会警告称，2023年中国钢材出口量预计占全球贸易比重超过20%，可能成为贸易保护重点关注对象。据统计，2023年海外对中国钢铁产品发起的贸易救济调查达112起，同比增加约20起。
The China Iron and Steel Association warned that China's steel exports in 2023 are expected to account for more than 20% of global trade, potentially becoming a key target of trade protection. Statistics show that foreign countries initiated 112 trade remedy investigations against Chinese steel products in 2023, an increase of about 20 cases year-on-year.
未来展望
Future Outlook
根据经合组织报告，2024-2026年全球钢厂仍有约1.24亿吨的产能扩产计划。中国作为钢材供应大国，有望在此轮扩产周期中获益。
According to OECD reports, global steel mills still have about 124 million tons of capacity expansion plans for 2024-2026. As a major steel supplier, China is expected to benefit from this round of capacity expansion.
冶金工业信息标准研究院院长张龙强表示："虽然面临贸易摩擦风险，但中短期内全球钢材需求释放将快于供给增长，中国钢铁行业仍具备出口优势。"
Zhang Longqiang, President of the Metallurgical Industry Information and Standards Research Institute, stated: "Although facing risks of trade friction, in the short to medium term, global steel demand growth will outpace supply increases, and China's steel industry still maintains export advantages."
