孟加拉仓库大火暴露南亚服装出口大国工业安全漏洞 200多人死伤引全球关注
记者 | 刘子象 Editor | Liu Zixiang
经过3天的努力，引发全球关注的孟加拉国仓库大火终于得到基本控制。6月4日晚间，孟加拉国主要港口吉大港附近的BM集装箱仓库发生火灾，引发了爆炸。
After three days of efforts, the globally concerning warehouse fire in Bangladesh has been largely brought under control. On the evening of June 4, a fire broke out at the BM Container Depot near Chittagong, Bangladesh's main port, triggering explosions.
7日，该国高级消防官员Monir Hossain告诉路透社，火势基本被控制，没有进一步爆炸的危险。BM集装箱仓库属于一家荷兰和孟加拉国的合资企业。该仓库存有4000多个集装箱，主要是出口的服装产品。其中约有1000个集装箱装满了化学品。
On the 7th, senior fire official Monir Hossain told Reuters that the fire was largely under control with no further explosion risks. The BM Container Depot is jointly owned by Dutch and Bangladeshi companies, storing over 4,000 containers mainly containing garment exports, with about 1,000 holding chemicals.
工业安全体系崩溃 Collapse of Industrial Safety Systems
火灾至今已造成至少41人死亡、200多人受伤，预计死亡人数还会上升。消防员伤亡惨重，至少9人死亡，3人失踪。警方说，在200名伤员中，有50名是救援人员。
The fire has caused at least 41 deaths and over 200 injuries, with fatalities expected to rise. Firefighters suffered heavy casualties - at least 9 dead and 3 missing. Police reported 50 of the 200 injured were rescuers.
供应链透明度危机 Supply Chain Transparency Crisis
起火的服装集装箱附近储存有双氧水等化学品，然而仓库管理者没有告知消防员这些信息。当消防员用水灭火时，化学品发生了爆炸。当地媒体称，消防员没有接受过任何关于化学火灾的培训。
Chemicals like hydrogen peroxide were stored near burning garment containers, but depot managers failed to inform firefighters. When water was used, chemical explosions occurred. Local media reported firefighters lacked chemical fire training.
1.1亿美元经济损失 $110 Million Economic Loss
据孟加拉国内陆集装箱堆场协会（BICDA）称，这场火灾造成的经济损失估计可能超过1.1亿美元。孟加拉国服装制造商和出口商协会（BGMEA）副主席确认有价值1800万美元的服装产品受损，这些产品本应运往欧洲和美国。
The Bangladesh Inland Container Depots Association estimates economic losses exceeding $110 million. BGMEA's vice president confirmed $18 million worth of Europe/US-bound garments were destroyed.
全球供应链警示 Global Supply Chain Warning
阿伯丁大学商学院教授Muhammad Azizul Islam指出："为全球品牌生产的服装和各种危险化学品储存在同一个仓库里，这太可怕了。"他建议零售商在合规审计时必须解决安全储存问题。
Professor Muhammad Azizul Islam of Aberdeen University warned: "Storing global brands' garments with hazardous chemicals in the same depot is terrifying," urging retailers to address storage safety in compliance audits.
十年未改的安全困局 A Decade-Long Safety Crisis
自2013年拉纳广场倒塌造成1100多人死亡后，尽管国际压力加大，孟加拉国的工业安全仍未见显著改善。国际劳工组织数据显示，该国工伤死亡率从2000年的27.6/10万升至2016年的31.2/10万。
Despite international pressure since the 2013 Rana Plaza collapse (1,100+ deaths), Bangladesh's industrial safety shows little improvement. ILO data shows workplace death rates rose from 27.6 to 31.2 per 100,000 workers between 2000-2016.
联合国国际劳工组织紧急呼吁孟加拉国全面改革工作场所安全体系，特别是化学品管理和应急培训。该国政府近期同意从服装业开始实施全面的工伤预防和赔偿计划。
The UN's ILO urgently calls for comprehensive workplace safety reforms, especially in chemical management and emergency training. The government recently agreed to implement a comprehensive occupational injury program starting with the garment sector.
