As of around February 2023, only when our forward web proxy solution is enabled, signing in to a Microsoft Account (personal / consumer) works fine in general (e.g., at https://login.live.com/) except for Microsoft Learn and Enterprise Skills Initiative (ESI) which doesn't recognise that the account is signed in, and attempting to sign in on the page seems to go through and work but actually doesn't, and the following error message is logged somewhere in the background:
{"error":"invalid_grant","error_description":"AADSTS500021: Access to 'Microsoft Accounts' tenant is denied.