针织外贸行业深度分析：订单回流与全球化挑战下的生存之道
核心观点：全球疫情和地区冲突正在重塑针织外贸行业格局，企业需在订单波动中寻找新机遇。
Key Insight: The global pandemic and regional conflicts are reshaping the knitwear foreign trade landscape, forcing companies to seek new opportunities amid order fluctuations.
一、行业现状：订单回流与分化现象
1. Industry Status: Order Rebound and Divergence Phenomenon
2021年，东南亚部分针织订单回流至中国宁波象山等地，但企业反馈这些订单普遍利润微薄。甬南集团总经理林营表示："回流大订单利润薄，我们基本没怎么接"。
In 2021, some knitwear orders from Southeast Asia returned to places like Ningbo Xiangshan, China. However, companies reported these orders generally had thin profit margins. Lin Ying, general manager of Yongnan Group, stated: "The rebounded large orders had slim profits, so we basically didn't take them."
二、多重挑战：成本上涨与供应链压力
2. Multiple Challenges: Rising Costs and Supply Chain Pressures
俄乌冲突导致石油价格上涨，直接影响涤纶、纤维等纺织原料价格。据生意社监测，3月23日纺织板块多个商品价格环比上涨。
The Russia-Ukraine conflict caused oil prices to rise, directly affecting the prices of textile raw materials like polyester and fiber. According to Business Society monitoring, prices of multiple textile commodities rose month-on-month on March 23.
劳动力市场也面临挑战："现在我们能找到的大多是四五十岁的工人，年轻人不愿意进工厂了"，一位宁波企业主表示。
The labor market also faces challenges: "Most workers we can find now are in their 40s or 50s, young people don't want to work in factories anymore," said a Ningbo business owner.
三、企业应对策略：转型与创新
3. Corporate Response Strategies: Transformation and Innovation
许多企业开始转向"小而精"路线，放弃利润微薄的大订单。甬南集团通过线上展销会开拓新客户："我们会通过线上展销会的方式，去触达更多的海外客户"。
Many companies are shifting to a "small but refined" approach, abandoning large orders with thin profits. Yongnan Group is developing new customers through online exhibitions: "We reach more overseas customers through online exhibitions."
部分企业尝试开拓新市场，如中东奢侈品客户。也有企业呼吁调整坯布出口退税政策，以增强成衣出口竞争力。
Some companies are exploring new markets, such as luxury goods clients in the Middle East. Others are calling for adjustments to the export tax rebate policy for grey cloth to enhance the competitiveness of garment exports.
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