Video Capture (Client Side)
Use libraries like OpenCV or PyAV to capture webcam or screen video frames.
Optionally use HTML5 + JavaScript on the front end for browser-based video capture.
Streaming Protocols
WebRTC (for low-latency, browser-based streaming): Integrate using aiortc (Python WebRTC library).
RTMP/RTSP/HLS (for broader compatibility): Use ffmpeg via Python wrappers (e.g., ffmpeg-python) to stream to servers like Nginx-RTMP or Wowza.
Backend Framework
Flask, FastAPI, or Django can serve as signaling or control servers (e.g., managing users, streams, and chat).
Use WebSockets (via websockets or FastAPI WebSocket support) for real-time communication.
Media Server (optional but recommended)
For scalability, use a media server like Nginx with RTMP module, Janus, or Kurento to distribute streams efficiently.
Front-End Playback
Use HTML5 video players (for HLS/RTMP) or WebRTC clients for real-time viewing.
⚙️ Example Stack
Capture & Encode: OpenCV + ffmpeg-python
Transport: aiortc (WebRTC)
Backend: FastAPI with WebSocket signaling
Frontend: HTML/JS WebRTC player
Tip
Python handles the orchestration and data flow well, but if you need high-performance real-time encoding or scaling to thousands of viewers, you’ll often combine it with tools in C/C++, Node.js, or dedicated streaming servers.