外贸出口诈骗案例分析：尼日利亚贸易风险防范指南
案例一：手电筒出口骗局
Case 1: Flashlight Export Scam
我国内某公司先后向某尼商出口两批手电筒并安全收汇，双方关系比较融洽。之后双方签定价值40万美元的手电筒出口合同，尼商预付了30%定金，并承诺发货后凭提单副本支付余款。尼商收到提单副本后声称余款已付，我公司多次催收，尼商寻找各种理由搪塞拖延。货物到达目的港后，尼商表示拒绝付款。
A Chinese company successfully exported two batches of flashlights to a Nigerian buyer with smooth payment. Later, they signed a $400,000 contract with 30% deposit, promising balance payment upon bill of lading copy. After receiving the copy, the Nigerian buyer claimed payment was made but kept delaying. Upon arrival, they refused payment.
案例二：汽车贸易骗局
Case 2: Automobile Trade Fraud
我国内某公司在中国商品交易会结识某尼商，并先后完成两笔向尼出口总共52辆金杯牌汽车贸易，并安全收汇。之后，尼商称其与尼某工会组织达成协议，由其代理该工会分三个阶段从我公司进口5000辆金杯牌汽车。经调查发现该尼商和工会根本没有购买能力，相关银行也未同意提供贷款。
After two successful car exports (52 units), a Nigerian buyer proposed importing 5,000 vehicles in phases through a union. Investigation revealed the buyer and union lacked financial capacity, and promised bank loans were non-existent.
案例三：CRI进口手续陷阱
Case 3: CRI Import Procedure Trap
我某进出口公司与尼商签定价值3万多美元的出口合同，支付方式为传真提单副本后T/T付款。货物达到目的港后，尼商提出无货款可付。由于尼商已办理CRI进口手续，转卖货物必须经其同意，最终导致货物被海关拍卖。
A $30,000+ export deal turned sour when the Nigerian buyer claimed inability to pay after goods arrival. With CRI import procedures completed by the buyer, resale became impossible without their cooperation, leading to customs auction.
风险分析与防范措施
Risk Analysis & Prevention Measures
1. 付款方式风险：尼日利亚金融体系落后，建议采用100%前T/T或部分T/T+保兑信用证方式，避免接受远期L/C或D/P等高风险支付条款。
Payment Risks: Due to Nigeria's underdeveloped financial system, use 100% advance T/T or partial T/T with confirmed L/C. Avoid high-risk terms like usance L/C or D/P.
2. CRI手续风险：尼海关规定进口商必须办理CRI手续，货物到港后转卖或退运需经原进口商同意，这常被不法商人利用。
CRI Procedure Risks: Nigerian customs require CRI clearance. Resale or return requires original importer's consent, often exploited by fraudsters.
3. 诈骗模式识别：诈骗者通常首单表现诚信，后续大单实施诈骗。建议对所有尼日利亚客户，无论合作历史，均采取严格支付保障。
Fraud Pattern Recognition: Scammers often perform well in initial small orders before executing large-scale fraud. Strict payment terms should apply to all Nigerian buyers regardless of relationship.
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SEO Recommendations: This content targets valuable keywords like "foreign trade fraud", "Nigeria trade risks", and "export payment methods". The case-based structure enhances search engine understanding and user value for export businesses.
