2024年10月中国机电产品出口分析：高技术产品引领外贸增长
作者：苏剑 | 北京大学国民经济研究中心
Author: Su Jian | Peking University National Economic Research Center
核心观点：
Key Findings:
- 全球经济复苏带动外需增长，出口增速显著提升
- Global economic recovery boosts external demand, significantly increasing export growth
- 高基数效应导致进口增速小幅回落
- High base effect leads to slight decline in import growth
- 机电产品占出口总额60.8%，高技术产品表现亮眼
- Mechanical and electrical products account for 60.8% of total exports, with high-tech products performing well
一、外贸总体情况 | Overall Foreign Trade Situation
2024年10月，中国进出口总额达5224.0亿美元，同比增长6.1%。其中出口3090.6亿美元，增长12.7%；进口2133.4亿美元，下降2.3%；贸易顺差957.2亿美元。
In October 2024, China's total import and export volume reached $522.4 billion, a year-on-year increase of 6.1%. Exports totaled $309.06 billion, up 12.7%; imports were $213.34 billion, down 2.3%; trade surplus was $95.72 billion.
二、出口亮点分析 | Export Highlights Analysis
1. 机电产品主导出口
1. Mechanical & Electrical Products Dominate Exports
10月机电产品出口1844.17亿美元，占比60.8%，同比增长13.7%。其中集成电路出口131.57亿美元，增长17.7%。
Mechanical and electrical product exports reached $184.417 billion, accounting for 60.8% of total exports, up 13.7% year-on-year. Integrated circuit exports were $13.157 billion, increasing 17.7%.
2. 高技术产品表现优异
2. Outstanding Performance of High-Tech Products
高新技术产品出口816.01亿美元，增长9.1%，较前期提升10.3个百分点。
High-tech product exports totaled $81.601 billion, up 9.1%, an improvement of 10.3 percentage points from the previous period.
三、进口情况 | Import Situation
受高基数效应影响，10月进口同比下降2.3%。主要大宗商品中：
Affected by the high base effect, October imports fell 2.3% year-on-year. Among major commodities:
- 铁矿砂：进口量增长4.9%
- Iron ore: import volume up 4.9%
- 原油：进口量下降3.4%
- Crude oil: import volume down 3.4%
- 天然气：进口量增长13.6%
- Natural gas: import volume up 13.6%
四、未来展望 | Future Outlook
随着全球经济持续复苏和RCEP红利释放，预计中国外贸将呈现：
With continued global economic recovery and RCEP dividend release, China's foreign trade is expected to:
- 出口结构持续优化，高技术产品占比提升
- Continued optimization of export structure, increasing share of high-tech products
- 新能源汽车等新兴领域成为增长引擎
- New energy vehicles and other emerging fields becoming growth engines
- 进口随内需回暖逐步改善
- Imports to gradually improve with domestic demand recovery
特别提示：本报告由北京大学国民经济研究中心提供，仅供参考。
Note: This report is provided by PKU National Economic Research Center for reference only.
