中国外贸2024年成绩单：跨境电商与中欧班列成增长新引擎
2024年中国外贸交出了一份亮眼的成绩单，跨境电商和中欧班列成为拉动增长的"双引擎"。数据显示，前三季度跨境电商进出口达1.88万亿元，同比增长11.5%，占外贸比重近6%。
China's foreign trade delivered an impressive report card in 2024, with cross-border e-commerce and China-Europe freight trains becoming the "twin engines" driving growth. Data shows that cross-border e-commerce imports and exports reached 1.88 trillion yuan in the first three quarters, a year-on-year increase of 11.5%, accounting for nearly 6% of foreign trade.
11月15日，中欧班列迎来里程碑时刻——累计开行突破10万列，发送货物超1100万标箱，货值超4200亿美元。这条横跨亚欧的"钢铁驼队"已连接欧洲25国227个城市和亚洲11国100多个城市。
On November 15, the China-Europe freight train reached a milestone moment - cumulative operations exceeded 100,000 trips, transporting over 11 million TEUs of goods worth more than $420 billion. This "steel camel team" spanning Eurasia now connects 227 cities in 25 European countries with over 100 cities in 11 Asian countries.
外贸结构持续优化
Continuous Optimization of Foreign Trade Structure
2024年1-11月，我国货物贸易进出口总值39.79万亿元，同比增长4.9%。其中出口增长6.7%，进口增长2.4%。机电产品出口表现亮眼，前11个月出口13.7万亿元，占出口比重近60%。
From January to November 2024, China's total import and export value of goods trade reached 39.79 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 4.9%. Exports grew by 6.7% while imports increased by 2.4%. Mechanical and electrical products performed remarkably well, with exports reaching 13.7 trillion yuan in the first 11 months, accounting for nearly 60% of total exports.
商务部研究院梁明所长指出："中国出口市场份额持续提升，贸易质量和结构逐步优化。前11月对共建'一带一路'国家出口占比达45.4%，新兴市场国家出口份额达56.1%。"
Liang Ming, Director of the Foreign Trade Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, pointed out: "China's share of global exports continues to increase, with trade quality and structure gradually optimizing. In the first 11 months, exports to Belt and Road partner countries accounted for 45.4%, while exports to emerging market countries reached 56.1%."
跨境电商蓬勃发展
Vigorous Development of Cross-border E-commerce
跨境电商已成为外贸增长新动能。目前中国拥有超12万家跨境电商企业和2500多个海外仓，与30多国建立双边电商合作机制。杭州某宠物用品企业通过海外仓模式，成功将猫爬架销往全球，2024年销量持续领先。
Cross-border e-commerce has become a new driver of foreign trade growth. China currently has over 120,000 cross-border e-commerce enterprises and more than 2,500 overseas warehouses, establishing bilateral e-commerce cooperation mechanisms with over 30 countries. A Hangzhou pet products company successfully sold cat trees globally through the overseas warehouse model, maintaining leading sales throughout 2024.
对外经济贸易大学屠新泉院长表示："海外仓是跨境电商重要基础设施，可降低物流成本30%以上。通过提前备货海外仓，企业能实现当地快速配送，显著提升用户体验。"
Professor Tu Xinquan from the University of International Business and Economics said: "Overseas warehouses are critical infrastructure for cross-border e-commerce, reducing logistics costs by over 30%. By stocking products in overseas warehouses in advance, companies can achieve rapid local delivery, significantly improving user experience."
产业配套优势凸显
Industrial Supporting Advantages Become Prominent
在河南偃师，15分钟就能组装一辆三轮摩托车。该区拥有15家整车企业和200余家零部件企业，完善的产业链使"三蹦子"热销海外，订单已排至2025年3月。
In Yanshi, Henan, it takes only 15 minutes to assemble a three-wheeled motorcycle. The district has 15 complete vehicle enterprises and over 200 parts suppliers. The complete industrial chain has made "three-wheelers" popular overseas, with orders scheduled until March 2025.
屠新泉指出："中国是联合国标准下工业门类最全的国家，从高科技产品到普通消费品都能生产。这种强大的产业配套能力大幅降低了商品价格，提高了全球消费者福利。"
Tu Xinquan noted: "China has the most complete industrial categories under UN standards, capable of producing everything from high-tech products to ordinary consumer goods. This strong industrial supporting capacity has significantly reduced commodity prices and improved global consumer welfare."
展望2025年，随着稳外贸政策持续发力、新业态新模式不断涌现，中国外贸有望继续保持稳定增长态势，为世界经济注入更多确定性。
Looking ahead to 2025, with continued efforts to stabilize foreign trade policies and the continuous emergence of new business forms and models, China's foreign trade is expected to maintain stable growth, injecting more certainty into the world economy.
