越南纺织业崛起：能否取代中国成为全球服装出口第一？
越南纺织业崛起：能否取代中国成为全球服装出口第一？
Vietnam's Textile Industry Rise: Can It Replace China as the World's Top Garment Exporter?
近年来，越南纺织业快速发展，成为全球纺织产业转移的热门目的地。随着中美贸易摩擦加剧，越南凭借出口美国的关税优势，正在抢占中国纺织服装出口市场份额。
In recent years, Vietnam's textile industry has developed rapidly, becoming a hot destination for global textile industry transfer. With the intensification of Sino-US trade friction, Vietnam is grabbing China's textile and apparel export market share with its tariff advantages for exports to the United States.
中国纺织企业在越南的投资布局
Chinese Textile Enterprises' Investment Layout in Vietnam
华孚时尚：计划新增80万锭产能，其中越南项目占50万锭
Huafu Fashion: Plans to add 800,000 spindles of capacity, including a 500,000-spindle project in Vietnam
天虹纺织：投资250亿美元建设天虹工业园
Tianhong Textile: Invested $25 billion to build Tianhong Industrial Park
百隆东方：越南产能预计2025年达150万锭
Bros Eastern: Vietnam capacity expected to reach 1.5 million spindles by 2025
黑牡丹集团：投资7140万美元建设越南纺织生产基地，首期建设周期1-2年
Hei Mudi Group: Invested $71.4 million to build a textile production base in Vietnam, with the first phase construction period of 1-2 years
越南纺织业的挑战
Challenges Facing Vietnam's Textile Industry
2023年1-5月，越南服装出口额同比下降17.8%，主要由于全球需求减少。同时，越南的劳动力成本优势正在削弱，服装厂工人月平均工资已达300美元（全球平均200美元）。
From January to May 2023, Vietnam's apparel exports decreased by 17.8% year-on-year, mainly due to reduced global demand. Meanwhile, Vietnam's labor cost advantage is weakening, with the average monthly wage of garment factory workers reaching $300 (global average $200).
新的竞争者：孟加拉国
New Competitor: Bangladesh
根据美国农业部报告，孟加拉国2023/24年度棉花消费量预计达800万包。其服装出口占全国出口比重超过80%，2023财年达470亿美元，有望取代中国成为全球最大棉制服装出口国。
According to USDA reports, Bangladesh's cotton consumption in 2023/24 is expected to reach 8 million bales. Its apparel exports account for more than 80% of national exports, reaching $47 billion in fiscal year 2023, and is expected to replace China as the world's largest cotton apparel exporter.
结论
Conclusion
全球纺织产业正在经历重大洗牌。虽然越南纺织业快速发展，但面临成本上升和竞争加剧的挑战。同时，孟加拉国等新兴纺织国家也在迅速崛起。中国纺织企业需要加快转型升级，以应对新的全球竞争格局。
The global textile industry is undergoing major reshuffling. Although Vietnam's textile industry is developing rapidly, it faces challenges of rising costs and increasing competition. Meanwhile, emerging textile countries like Bangladesh are also rising rapidly. Chinese textile enterprises need to accelerate transformation and upgrading to cope with the new global competitive landscape.
数据来源：黑牡丹官网、中国国际时装周、浙江贸促
Data sources: Hei Mudi official website, China International Fashion Week, Zhejiang Trade Promotion
