跨境电商出口四大模式详解：1210/9610/9710/9810对比指南
跨境电商出口模式主要分为四种类型：特殊区域出口(1210)、一般出口(9610)、跨境电商B2B直接出口(9710)和跨境电商出口海外仓(9810)。其中，特殊区域出口模式增长最为显著。
Cross-border e-commerce export models can be categorized into four types: Special Zone Export (1210), General Export (9610), Cross-border B2B Direct Export (9710), and Overseas Warehouse Export (9810). The special zone export model shows particularly remarkable growth.
一、四种出口模式详解
1. Detailed Explanation of Four Export Models
1. 特殊区域出口(1210)
又称保税备货出口，依托综合保税区等海关特殊监管区域开展，企业享受入区即退税政策（保税区除外），显著提高资金利用率并降低物流成本。
1. Special Zone Export (1210)
Also known as bonded stock export, this model operates through special customs supervision areas like comprehensive bonded zones. Enterprises enjoy tax refund upon entry (except in bonded zones), significantly improving capital utilization and reducing logistics costs.
2. 一般出口(9610)
境外消费者下单后，企业将交易、支付、物流信息实时传输海关，海关审核《申报清单》后放行包裹。企业可采用"清单核放、汇总申报"方式报关，单票价值5000元以内的商品可简化申报。
2. General Export (9610)
After overseas consumers place orders, enterprises transmit transaction, payment and logistics information to customs in real-time. Customs examines the "Declaration List" before release. Enterprises can declare using "list verification and summary declaration", with simplified declaration for goods under ¥5000.
3. 跨境电商B2B直接出口(9710)
境内企业通过跨境电商平台与境外企业达成交易后，直接通过跨境物流送达境外企业。
3. Cross-border B2B Direct Export (9710)
Domestic enterprises complete transactions with overseas companies through cross-border e-commerce platforms, then deliver goods directly through cross-border logistics.
4. 跨境电商出口海外仓(9810)
货物先运至海外仓（自营型/第三方/FBA），成交后再从海外仓发货。此模式大幅降低物流成本，便于国家统计B2B出口数据。
4. Overseas Warehouse Export (9810)
Goods are first shipped to overseas warehouses (self-operated/third-party/FBA), then delivered after transaction. This model significantly reduces logistics costs and facilitates national B2B export statistics.
二、特殊区域出口的两种子模式
2. Two Sub-models of Special Zone Export
1. 特殊区域包裹零售出口
货物以一般贸易方式进入综保区→取得退税→电商销售→区内打包→拼箱离境→送达消费者。
1. Special Zone Parcel Retail Export
Goods enter bonded zone via general trade → obtain tax refund → e-commerce sales → package in zone → consolidated shipment → deliver to consumers.
2. 特殊区域出口海外仓零售
货物入区→理货拼箱→批量出口至海外仓→境外平台零售→海外仓打包送达。
2. Special Zone Overseas Warehouse Retail
Goods enter zone → sorting/consolidation → bulk export to overseas warehouse → overseas platform retail → package and deliver from warehouse.
三、跨境电商出口风险提示
3. Risk Warnings for Cross-border E-commerce Export
主要风险包括：
• 知识产权侵权（服装/玩具/灯具为重灾区）
• 税务合规问题（需了解目的国税制）
• 虚假贸易/违禁品夹带
• 各国法律文化差异（如好评返现可能违规）
Main risks include:
• IP infringement (apparel/toys/lighting as high-risk categories)
• Tax compliance (must understand destination tax systems)
• Fake trade/contraband smuggling
• Legal-cultural differences (e.g. cash-back for reviews may violate rules)
数据来源：青岛海关、杭州海关 | Source: Qingdao Customs, Hangzhou Customs
