(Both these prizes have since been claimed, sorry!)
Scott AaaronsonAaronson offered \$200 for an oracle relative to which BQP is not contained in PH, or $100 for an oracle relative to which BQP is not contained in AM. (Now claimed.)
Bill Gasarch offered $289 for a 4-coloring of a 17-by-17 grid such that there is no rectangle with all four corners the same color. (Now claimed; and in fact this problem, of 4-coloring grids, has since been solved completely; see the comments for the 12x21 case.)