福州茉莉花茶：千年传承的全球农业文化遗产
福州茉莉花茶：千年传承的全球农业文化遗产
Fuzhou Jasmine Tea: A Millennia-Old Global Agricultural Heritage
福州作为中国茉莉花茶四大核心产区之一，以其独特的单瓣茉莉和双瓣茉莉品种闻名于世。据史料记载，茉莉花自汉代经海上丝绸之路传入福州，至今已有2000多年种植历史。
Fuzhou, as one of China's four major jasmine tea production areas, is famous for its unique single-petal and double-petal jasmine varieties. Historical records show that jasmine was introduced to Fuzhou via the Maritime Silk Road during the Han Dynasty, with over 2000 years of cultivation history.
茉莉花茶的工艺传承
The Art of Jasmine Tea Production
福州茉莉花茶制作工艺被列为国家级非物质文化遗产，其核心在于"窨制"工艺：
- 传统四窨至九窨工艺
- 必须采用福州本地伏天采摘的茉莉花
- 茶花比例严格控制在3:1
Fuzhou jasmine tea production technique is listed as a National Intangible Cultural Heritage, with its core being the "scenting" process:
- Traditional 4 to 9 scenting processes
- Must use jasmine flowers picked during Fuzhou's hottest summer days
- Strict tea-to-flower ratio of 3:1
产业发展与品牌价值
Industry Development and Brand Value
2022年数据显示：
| 指标 | 数据 |
|---|---|
| 年产量 | 1.68万吨 |
| 全产业链产值 | 58.3亿元 |
| 品牌价值 | 38.7亿元 |
2022 statistics show:
| Indicator | Data |
|---|---|
| Annual output | 16,800 tons |
| Whole industry chain value | 5.83 billion RMB |
| Brand value | 3.87 billion RMB |
农业文化遗产保护
Agricultural Heritage Protection
2014年，福州茉莉花与茶文化系统被联合国粮农组织列为全球重要农业文化遗产。福州市采取多项保护措施：
- 建立分级保护基地
- 提供种植财政补贴
- 制定行业标准规范
In 2014, the Fuzhou Jasmine and Tea Culture System was listed as a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System by FAO. Fuzhou has implemented multiple protection measures:
- Establishing graded protection bases
- Providing planting subsidies
- Developing industry standards
未来，福州将继续深化茉莉花茶产业高质量发展，计划到2025年实现全产业链产值突破百亿元，打造全球茉莉花茶产业核心区。
Looking ahead, Fuzhou will continue to promote high-quality development of the jasmine tea industry, aiming to achieve over 10 billion RMB in whole industry chain value by 2025, establishing itself as the global core area for jasmine tea production.
